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Resource centre on India's rural distress
 
 

'Our livelihood depends on this land': A solar park in Gujarat is hurting a pastoral community -Karthikeyan Hemalatha

-Scroll.in/ India Spend

The Charanka solar park may help India reach its renewable energy goals, but it has a hidden cost.

The parched brown land in Charanka village in North West Gujarat, around 50 km from India’s border with Pakistan, seemed endless. In peak summer, during one of the worst droughts to hit the region in 30 years, it seemed devoid of all life – even doughty bush plants have lost most leaves. Cyclone Vayu, which hit the Gujarat coast in June this year, did little to revive the district of Patan.

This perhaps explains why the official website of the Gujarat Power Corporation Limited describes the 5,384 acres across which the Charanka solar park is spread as unused land. A project map available at the park’s office differs from this assessment – of the 5,417 acres, close to 2,000 acres are under cultivation, it shows. The rest, as per the map, is government land.

The villagers were livid at these labels. “What do they mean that the land is unused and that it belongs to the government?” asked Raku Ben, a livestock rearer. “We use it for grazing livestock, and our livelihood depends on this land. It doesn’t belong to anyone, it belongs to everyone.”

The solar park project launched in December 2010, has been functional since April 2012. It sits on what used to be the pasture for the region’s livestock herders, called maldharis. They have traditionally never owned the land where their animals graze but it is critical for their livelihood. The maldharis were once a nomadic community but some have opted to settle down.

These factors are not reflected in the state’s latest solar power policy of 2015 or the Gujarat Wind-Solar Hybrid Power Policy of 2018. The words compensation or livelihoods do not figure anywhere in the solar power policy.

Having lost access to the grazing lands, maldharis can no longer rear goats, sheep, cows or buffaloes. And the forest department denies them entry to other fertile patches in the region.

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