Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

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		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;92% rural homes run on less than Rs 10,000 per month -Subodh Varma&#039;,
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-The Times of India&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;NEW DELHI: &lt;/em&gt;Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That&#039;s more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn&#039;t work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&amp;quot; he added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for &#039;agricultural labourers&#039; whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &amp;quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&amp;quot; Sen explained.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don&#039;t qualify.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Times of India

NEW DELHI: Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly...&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;NEW DELHI: &lt;/em&gt;Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That&#039;s more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn&#039;t work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&amp;quot; he added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for &#039;agricultural labourers&#039; whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &amp;quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&amp;quot; Sen explained.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don&#039;t qualify.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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NEW DELHI: Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly..."/>
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                <strong>92% rural homes run on less than Rs 10,000 per month -Subodh Varma</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Times of India<br /><br /><em>NEW DELHI: </em>Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.<br /><br />The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.<br /><br />The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That's more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.<br /><br />There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.<br /><br />However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.<br /><br />&quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn't work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&quot; he added.<br /><br />But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for 'agricultural labourers' whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&quot; Sen explained.<br /><br />In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.<br /><br />And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don't qualify.<br /><br /></div>               </font>
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-The Times of India&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;NEW DELHI: &lt;/em&gt;Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn&#039;t work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&amp;quot; he added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for &#039;agricultural labourers&#039; whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &amp;quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&amp;quot; Sen explained.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn&#039;t work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&amp;quot; he added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for &#039;agricultural labourers&#039; whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &amp;quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&amp;quot; Sen explained.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Times of India

NEW DELHI: Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly...&#039;
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-The Times of India

NEW DELHI: Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly..."/>
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                <strong>92% rural homes run on less than Rs 10,000 per month -Subodh Varma</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Times of India<br /><br /><em>NEW DELHI: </em>Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.<br /><br />The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.<br /><br />The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That's more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.<br /><br />There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.<br /><br />However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.<br /><br />&quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn't work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&quot; he added.<br /><br />But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for 'agricultural labourers' whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&quot; Sen explained.<br /><br />In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.<br /><br />And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don't qualify.<br /><br /></div>               </font>
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-The Times of India&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;NEW DELHI: &lt;/em&gt;Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That&#039;s more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn&#039;t work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&amp;quot; he added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for &#039;agricultural labourers&#039; whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &amp;quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&amp;quot; Sen explained.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don&#039;t qualify.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Times of India

NEW DELHI: Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Times of India&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;NEW DELHI: &lt;/em&gt;Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That&#039;s more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn&#039;t work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&amp;quot; he added.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for &#039;agricultural labourers&#039; whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &amp;quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&amp;quot; Sen explained.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don&#039;t qualify.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Times of India&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;NEW DELHI: &lt;/em&gt;Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That&#039;s more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn&#039;t work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&amp;quot; he added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for &#039;agricultural labourers&#039; whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &amp;quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&amp;quot; Sen explained.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don&#039;t qualify.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Times of India

NEW DELHI: Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly..."/>
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                <strong>92% rural homes run on less than Rs 10,000 per month -Subodh Varma</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Times of India<br /><br /><em>NEW DELHI: </em>Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.<br /><br />The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.<br /><br />The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That's more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.<br /><br />There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.<br /><br />However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.<br /><br />&quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn't work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&quot; he added.<br /><br />But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for 'agricultural labourers' whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&quot; Sen explained.<br /><br />In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.<br /><br />And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don't qualify.<br /><br /></div>               </font>
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-The Times of India<br />
<br />
<em>NEW DELHI: </em>Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.<br />
<br />
The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.<br />
<br />
The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That's more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.<br />
<br />
There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.<br />
<br />
However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.<br />
<br />
&quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn't work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&quot; he added.<br />
<br />
But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for 'agricultural labourers' whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&quot; Sen explained.<br />
<br />
In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.<br />
<br />
And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don't qualify.<br />
<br />
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NEW DELHI: Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly...',
	'disp' => '<div align="justify">-The Times of India<br /><br /><em>NEW DELHI: </em>Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.<br /><br />The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.<br /><br />The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That's more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.<br /><br />There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.<br /><br />However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.<br /><br />&quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn't work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&quot; he added.<br /><br />But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for 'agricultural labourers' whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&quot; Sen explained.<br /><br />In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.<br /><br />And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don't qualify.<br /><br /></div>',
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-The Times of India<br />
<br />
<em>NEW DELHI: </em>Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.<br />
<br />
The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.<br />
<br />
The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That's more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.<br />
<br />
There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.<br />
<br />
However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.<br />
<br />
&quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn't work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&quot; he added.<br />
<br />
But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for 'agricultural labourers' whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&quot; Sen explained.<br />
<br />
In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.<br />
<br />
And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don't qualify.<br />
<br />
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$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | 92% rural homes run on less than Rs 10,000 per month -Subodh Varma'
$metaKeywords = 'multidimensional poverty,socio economic and caste census,socio economic caste census,SECC,SECC 2011,Poverty'
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-The Times of India

NEW DELHI: Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-The Times of India<br /><br /><em>NEW DELHI: </em>Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less.<br /><br />The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns.<br /><br />The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That's more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total.<br /><br />There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households.<br /><br />However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work.<br /><br />&quot;Also, everybody in a household doesn't work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture,&quot; he added.<br /><br />But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for 'agricultural labourers' whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. &quot;In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality,&quot; Sen explained.<br /><br />In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs.<br /><br />And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don't qualify.<br /><br /></div>'
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92% rural homes run on less than Rs 10,000 per month -Subodh Varma

-The Times of India NEW DELHI: Giving a more storied picture of rural India, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) released on Friday says that a staggering 92% of rural households reported their maximum income below Rs 10,000 per month. Nearly three quarters of all rural household said that the income of the highest earning member was Rs 5,000 or less. The SECC was conducted during 2011-12 with some states completing it in 2013, due to a lengthy process of seeking objections on collected data. It found that about 18 crore households lived in rural areas, including outgrowths of towns. The SECC found that over 9 crore households were living by doing casual manual labour. That's more than half of all rural households. Cultivators were reported as numbering 5.39 crore households, making up about 30%. The much- heralded non-agricultural enterprises were providing livelihood to just 29 lakh households, a meagre 1.6% of the total. There seems to be a significant difference with Census 2011 figures. The Census counts people, and according to it, in 2011 there were 9.2 crore cultivators and 8.1 crore agricultural labourers. This would translate to about 2 crore cultivator households and 1.7 crore agricultural labourer households. However Abhijit Sen, former member of the Planning Commission who was involved in designing the survey, told TOI that this comparison should not be done because the SECC asked about incomes while the Census asked about work. "Also, everybody in a household doesn't work. So converting Census-based workers figures to households will not give a true picture," he added. But on one issue, the SECC is perhaps better reflecting the lives of rural people. The Census gives figures for 'agricultural labourers' whereas the SECC gives figures for those working as casual manual labourers, which is not confined to agricultural labour alone. Due to pressure on land, fragmentation, and low returns, a vast army of people, both men and women, are turning to any kind of casual labour to earn a living. "In fact most people in rural areas do more than one kind of work, like working on construction sites, road building, loading and unloading etc., apart from seasonal work in the fields. Each household will have different kinds of casual workers. The SECC is reflecting this reality," Sen explained. In a significant marker of vulnerability of rural families, the SECC reports that only about 10% of rural households have regular salaried jobs. Of these, about two thirds (6%) are in government or public sector jobs while a minuscule third, some 6.4 lakh in all, work in regular private sector jobs. And, not surprisingly, less than 5% of the rural households pay income-tax or professional tax. This is, of course, mainly because agricultural income is not taxed and with over 92% households earning less than Rs.10,000 most don't qualify.