Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 73,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'catslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 73,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'catslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 74,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 74,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67eef5430af1a-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67eef5430af1a-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67eef5430af1a-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 58033,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 28 December, 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 58033,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;Economic Slowdown,FRBM Act,Fiscal Deficit,Technical Recession,Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan,MSME,Micro Small and Medium Enterprises,Citizenship Amendment Act,National Register of Citizens,Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot; title=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 58033,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 28 December, 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 6 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 7 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 8 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 9 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 58033
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;Economic Slowdown,FRBM Act,Fiscal Deficit,Technical Recession,Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan,MSME,Micro Small and Medium Enterprises,Citizenship Amendment Act,National Register of Citizens,Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot; title=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra  | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra </strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <p style="text-align:justify">-The Indian Express</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Dear Readers,</p><p style="text-align:justify">Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.</p><p style="text-align:justify">A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Another key concern in the Budget &mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&rsquo;s economic growth.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/" title="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/">click here</a> to read more.</p>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$maxBufferLength = (int) 8192
$file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php'
$line = (int) 853
$message = 'Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853'
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148]
Code Context
            $response->getStatusCode(),

            ($reasonPhrase ? ' ' . $reasonPhrase : '')

        ));
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67eef5430af1a-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67eef5430af1a-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67eef5430af1a-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 58033,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 28 December, 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 58033,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;Economic Slowdown,FRBM Act,Fiscal Deficit,Technical Recession,Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan,MSME,Micro Small and Medium Enterprises,Citizenship Amendment Act,National Register of Citizens,Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot; title=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 58033,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 28 December, 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 6 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 7 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 8 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 9 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 58033
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;Economic Slowdown,FRBM Act,Fiscal Deficit,Technical Recession,Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan,MSME,Micro Small and Medium Enterprises,Citizenship Amendment Act,National Register of Citizens,Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot; title=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra  | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra </strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <p style="text-align:justify">-The Indian Express</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Dear Readers,</p><p style="text-align:justify">Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.</p><p style="text-align:justify">A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Another key concern in the Budget &mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&rsquo;s economic growth.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/" title="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/">click here</a> to read more.</p>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$reasonPhrase = 'OK'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 54
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181]
Code Context
                    $value

                ), $first);

                $first = false;
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67eef5430af1a-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67eef5430af1a-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67eef5430af1a-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67eef5430af1a-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 58033,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 28 December, 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 58033,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;Economic Slowdown,FRBM Act,Fiscal Deficit,Technical Recession,Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan,MSME,Micro Small and Medium Enterprises,Citizenship Amendment Act,National Register of Citizens,Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot; title=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 58033,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 28 December, 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 6 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 7 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 8 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 9 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 58033
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra &#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;Economic Slowdown,FRBM Act,Fiscal Deficit,Technical Recession,Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan,MSME,Micro Small and Medium Enterprises,Citizenship Amendment Act,National Register of Citizens,Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&amp;#39;s how it all unfolded.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Dear Readers,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&amp;rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&amp;rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&amp;rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&amp;rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Another key concern in the Budget &amp;mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &amp;mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&amp;rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &amp;mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &amp;mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&amp;rsquo;s economic growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot; title=&quot;https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra  | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra </strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <p style="text-align:justify">-The Indian Express</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Dear Readers,</p><p style="text-align:justify">Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.</p><p style="text-align:justify">A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Another key concern in the Budget &mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&rsquo;s economic growth.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/" title="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/">click here</a> to read more.</p>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$cookies = []
$values = [
	(int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
]
$name = 'Content-Type'
$first = true
$value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitHeaders() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 55
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

<head>

    <link rel="canonical" href="<?php echo Configure::read('SITE_URL'); ?><?php echo $urlPrefix;?><?php echo $article_current->category->slug; ?>/<?php echo $article_current->seo_url; ?>.html"/>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>

$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp'
$dataForView = [
	'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		'id' => (int) 58033,
		'title' => 'A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra ',
		'subheading' => null,
		'description' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-The Indian Express</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Dear Readers,</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Another key concern in the Budget &mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&rsquo;s economic growth.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/">click here</a> to read more.</p>
',
		'credit_writer' => 'The Indian Express, 28 December, 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/',
		'article_img' => '',
		'article_img_thumb' => '',
		'status' => (int) 1,
		'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
		'lang' => 'EN',
		'category_id' => (int) 16,
		'tag_keyword' => '',
		'seo_url' => 'a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra',
		'meta_title' => '',
		'meta_keywords' => '',
		'meta_description' => '',
		'noindex' => (int) 1,
		'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		'most_visit_section_id' => null,
		'article_big_img' => null,
		'liveid' => null,
		'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'edate' => '',
		'tags' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[hasErrors]' => false,
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'Articles'
	
	},
	'articleid' => (int) 58033,
	'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra ',
	'metaKeywords' => 'Economic Slowdown,FRBM Act,Fiscal Deficit,Technical Recession,Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan,MSME,Micro Small and Medium Enterprises,Citizenship Amendment Act,National Register of Citizens,Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code',
	'metaDesc' => '-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to...',
	'disp' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-The Indian Express</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Dear Readers,</p><p style="text-align:justify">Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.</p><p style="text-align:justify">A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Another key concern in the Budget &mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&rsquo;s economic growth.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/" title="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/">click here</a> to read more.</p>',
	'lang' => 'English',
	'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/',
	'site_title' => 'im4change',
	'adminprix' => 'admin'
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	'id' => (int) 58033,
	'title' => 'A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra ',
	'subheading' => null,
	'description' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-The Indian Express</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Dear Readers,</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Another key concern in the Budget &mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&rsquo;s economic growth.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/">click here</a> to read more.</p>
',
	'credit_writer' => 'The Indian Express, 28 December, 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/',
	'article_img' => '',
	'article_img_thumb' => '',
	'status' => (int) 1,
	'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
	'lang' => 'EN',
	'category_id' => (int) 16,
	'tag_keyword' => '',
	'seo_url' => 'a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-udit-misra',
	'meta_title' => '',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '',
	'noindex' => (int) 1,
	'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	'most_visit_section_id' => null,
	'article_big_img' => null,
	'liveid' => null,
	'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'edate' => '',
	'tags' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 8 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	'[new]' => false,
	'[accessible]' => [
		'*' => true,
		'id' => false
	],
	'[dirty]' => [],
	'[original]' => [],
	'[virtual]' => [],
	'[hasErrors]' => false,
	'[errors]' => [],
	'[invalid]' => [],
	'[repository]' => 'Articles'

}
$articleid = (int) 58033
$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra '
$metaKeywords = 'Economic Slowdown,FRBM Act,Fiscal Deficit,Technical Recession,Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan,MSME,Micro Small and Medium Enterprises,Citizenship Amendment Act,National Register of Citizens,Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code'
$metaDesc = '-The Indian Express

India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.

Dear Readers,

Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to...'
$disp = '<p style="text-align:justify">-The Indian Express</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here&#39;s how it all unfolded.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Dear Readers,</p><p style="text-align:justify">Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India&rsquo;s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here&rsquo;s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January&rsquo;s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum&rsquo;s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so.</p><p style="text-align:justify">A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Another key concern in the Budget &mdash; and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 &mdash; was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India&rsquo;s adherence to the FRBM Act is that &mdash; thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit &mdash; fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India&rsquo;s economic growth.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/" title="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explainspeaking-a-brief-history-of-the-indian-economy-in-2020-7122766/">click here</a> to read more.</p>'
$lang = 'English'
$SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/'
$site_title = 'im4change'
$adminprix = 'admin'

include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51

A brief history of the Indian economy in 2020 -Udit Misra

-The Indian Express India started the calendar year by recording the slowest GDP growth rate in six years and ended it by entering a technical recession. Here's how it all unfolded. Dear Readers, Right through the year, at ExplainSpeaking, we have strived to make sense of the most important developments in the Indian economy. As the year ends, here are the highlights from 2020 and five things to watch out for in 2021. The calendar year 2020 started on a rather weak note as India’s GDP growth rate hit a six-year low in 2019 and then progressively decelerated further. Here’s a piece that incorporates the findings of former Chief Economic Advisor Arvind Subramanian to explain how and why the Indian economy was losing its growth momentum. Since the Union Budget is now presented on February 1st, much of January’s focus was on understanding the Budget-making exercise. Providing a context was this piece on why the poor in India remain poor. According to the World Economic Forum’s Global Social Mobility report, in India, it would take 7 generations for a member of a poor family to achieve average income; in Denmark, it would take just 2 generations to do so. A key concern leading up to the Budget for 2020-21 was the falling credibility of Budget numbers. With Covid-19 playing havoc with the economy even before the start of the new financial year, this problem is likely to sustain. Another key concern in the Budget — and this, too, is likely to be a concern in the forthcoming Budget of 2021-22 — was the adherence to fiscal rectitude. But the ugly truth about India’s adherence to the FRBM Act is that — thanks to Indian policymakers ignoring the key metric of revenue deficit — fiscal consolidation now actually hurts India’s economic growth. Please click here to read more.