Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the &amp;ldquo;breeders&amp;rdquo; were remunerated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &amp;ldquo;prior informed consent&amp;rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &amp;ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&amp;rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&amp;rsquo; rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&amp;rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&amp;rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&amp;rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Hindu, 6 December, 2019, https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece&#039;,
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-The Hindu

The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and...&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &amp;ldquo;prior informed consent&amp;rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &amp;ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&amp;rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&amp;rsquo; rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&amp;rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&amp;rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&amp;rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Hindu

The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and...&#039;
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-The Hindu

The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and..."/>
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                <strong>A potential seedbed for private profits -R Ramakumar</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.<br /></em><br />After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.<br /><br />In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the &ldquo;breeders&rdquo; were remunerated.<br /><br /><em>BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS<br /></em><br />TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &ldquo;prior informed consent&rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&rsquo; rights.<br /><br />As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the &amp;ldquo;breeders&amp;rdquo; were remunerated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &amp;ldquo;prior informed consent&amp;rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &amp;ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&amp;rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&amp;rsquo; rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&amp;rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&amp;rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&amp;rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and...&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &amp;ldquo;prior informed consent&amp;rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &amp;ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&amp;rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&amp;rsquo; rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&amp;rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&amp;rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&amp;rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

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-The Hindu

The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and..."/>
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                <strong>A potential seedbed for private profits -R Ramakumar</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.<br /></em><br />After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.<br /><br />In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the &ldquo;breeders&rdquo; were remunerated.<br /><br /><em>BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS<br /></em><br />TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &ldquo;prior informed consent&rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&rsquo; rights.<br /><br />As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the &amp;ldquo;breeders&amp;rdquo; were remunerated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &amp;ldquo;prior informed consent&amp;rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &amp;ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&amp;rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&amp;rsquo; rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&amp;rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&amp;rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&amp;rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Hindu

The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and...&#039;,
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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &amp;ldquo;prior informed consent&amp;rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &amp;ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&amp;rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&amp;rsquo; rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&amp;rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&amp;rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&amp;rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Hindu

The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&amp;rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&amp;rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the &amp;ldquo;breeders&amp;rdquo; were remunerated.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &amp;ldquo;prior informed consent&amp;rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &amp;ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&amp;rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&amp;rsquo; rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&amp;rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&amp;rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&amp;rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&amp;rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece&quot; title=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Hindu

The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and..."/>
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                <strong>A potential seedbed for private profits -R Ramakumar</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.<br /></em><br />After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.<br /><br />In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the &ldquo;breeders&rdquo; were remunerated.<br /><br /><em>BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS<br /></em><br />TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &ldquo;prior informed consent&rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&rsquo; rights.<br /><br />As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu<br />
<br />
<em>The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.<br />
</em><br />
After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.<br />
<br />
In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the &ldquo;breeders&rdquo; were remunerated.<br />
<br />
<em>BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS<br />
</em><br />
TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &ldquo;prior informed consent&rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&rsquo; rights.<br />
<br />
As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br />
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The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and...',
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-The Hindu<br />
<br />
<em>The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.<br />
</em><br />
After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different.<br />
<br />
In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the &ldquo;breeders&rdquo; were remunerated.<br />
<br />
<em>BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS<br />
</em><br />
TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for &ldquo;prior informed consent&rdquo; of farmers before the use of genetic resources and &ldquo;fair and equitable sharing of benefits&rdquo; arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers&rsquo; rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers&rsquo; rights.<br />
<br />
As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders&rsquo; rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers&rsquo; rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers&rsquo; Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers&rsquo; rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-potential-seedbed-for-private-profits/article30195634.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br />
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-The Hindu

The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers&rsquo; interests and loaded in favour of seed companies.

After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament&rsquo;s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and...'
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A potential seedbed for private profits -R Ramakumar

-The Hindu The new Seeds Bill is tilted against farmers’ interests and loaded in favour of seed companies. After passing through at least two versions, Seeds Bill 2019 is now under Parliament’s consideration. The earlier versions of the Bill, in 2004 and 2010, had generated heated debates. The present version promises to be no different. In 1994, India signed the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). In 2002, India also joined the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention. Both TRIPS and UPOV led to the introduction of some form of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) over plant varieties. Member countries had to introduce restrictions on the free use and exchange of seeds by farmers unless the “breeders” were remunerated. BALANCING CONFLICTING AIMS TRIPS and UPOV, however, ran counter to other international conventions. In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) provided for “prior informed consent” of farmers before the use of genetic resources and “fair and equitable sharing of benefits” arising out of their use. In 2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) recognised farmers’ rights as the rights to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seeds. National governments had the responsibility to protect such farmers’ rights. As India was a signatory to TRIPS and UPOV (that gave priority to breeders’ rights) as well as CBD and ITPGRFA (that emphasised farmers’ rights), any Indian legislation had to be in line with all. It was this delicate balance that the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights (PPVFR) Act of 2001 sought to achieve. The PPVFR Act retained the main spirit of TRIPS viz., IPRs as an incentive for technological innovation. However, the Act also had strong provisions to protect farmers’ rights. It recognised three roles for the farmer: cultivator, breeder and conserver. As cultivators, farmers were entitled to plant-back rights. As breeders, farmers were held equivalent to plant breeders. As conservers, farmers were entitled to rewards from a National Gene Fund. Please click here to read more.