Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800d98a6609a-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800d98a6609a-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr6800d98a6609a-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800d98a6609a-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800d98a6609a-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800d98a6609a-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800d98a6609a-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr6800d98a6609a-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;A Rs 10,000cr kerosene black market killed Yeshwant Sonawane by Sanjay Dutta&#039;,
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&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Times of India, 27 January, 2011, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/A-Rs-10000cr-kerosene-black-market-killed-Yeshwant-Sonawane/articleshow/7368515.cms&#039;,
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this..."/>
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                <strong>A Rs 10,000cr kerosene black market killed Yeshwant Sonawane by Sanjay Dutta</strong></h1>
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                <br /><div align="justify">A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &quot;poor man's fuel&quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that's two or three times higher.<br /><br />It's really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn't.<br /><br />The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &mdash; said to be conservative &mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.<br /><br />Here's a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That's why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.<br /><br />&quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.<br /><br />An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.<br /><br />Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&quot;<br /><br />Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&quot; the IOC executive said.<br /><br />Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&quot; one executive said.</div>               </font>
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&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Times of India, 27 January, 2011, http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/A-Rs-10000cr-kerosene-black-market-killed-Yeshwant-Sonawane/articleshow/7368515.cms&#039;,
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this..."/>
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                <strong>A Rs 10,000cr kerosene black market killed Yeshwant Sonawane by Sanjay Dutta</strong></h1>
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                <br /><div align="justify">A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &quot;poor man's fuel&quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that's two or three times higher.<br /><br />It's really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn't.<br /><br />The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &mdash; said to be conservative &mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.<br /><br />Here's a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That's why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.<br /><br />&quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.<br /><br />An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.<br /><br />Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&quot;<br /><br />Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&quot; the IOC executive said.<br /><br />Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&quot; one executive said.</div>               </font>
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		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;A Rs 10,000cr kerosene black market killed Yeshwant Sonawane by Sanjay Dutta&#039;,
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&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;A Rs 10,000cr kerosene black market killed Yeshwant Sonawane by Sanjay Dutta&#039;,
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &amp;quot;poor man&#039;s fuel&amp;quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that&#039;s two or three times higher.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It&#039;s really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn&#039;t.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &amp;mdash; said to be conservative &amp;mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &amp;quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&amp;quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here&#039;s a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &amp;mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &amp;mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That&#039;s why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&amp;quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &amp;quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &amp;quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&amp;quot; the IOC executive said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &amp;quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&amp;quot; one executive said.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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                <strong>A Rs 10,000cr kerosene black market killed Yeshwant Sonawane by Sanjay Dutta</strong></h1>
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                <br /><div align="justify">A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &quot;poor man's fuel&quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that's two or three times higher.<br /><br />It's really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn't.<br /><br />The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &mdash; said to be conservative &mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.<br /><br />Here's a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That's why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.<br /><br />&quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.<br /><br />An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.<br /><br />Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&quot;<br /><br />Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&quot; the IOC executive said.<br /><br />Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&quot; one executive said.</div>               </font>
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<div align="justify">
A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &quot;poor man's fuel&quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that's two or three times higher.<br />
<br />
It's really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn't.<br />
<br />
The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &mdash; said to be conservative &mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.<br />
<br />
Here's a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That's why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.<br />
<br />
&quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.<br />
<br />
An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.<br />
<br />
Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&quot;<br />
<br />
Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&quot; the IOC executive said.<br />
<br />
Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&quot; one executive said.
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	'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | A Rs 10,000cr kerosene black market killed Yeshwant Sonawane by Sanjay Dutta',
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this...',
	'disp' => '<br /><div align="justify">A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &quot;poor man's fuel&quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that's two or three times higher.<br /><br />It's really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn't.<br /><br />The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &mdash; said to be conservative &mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.<br /><br />Here's a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That's why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.<br /><br />&quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.<br /><br />An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.<br /><br />Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&quot;<br /><br />Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&quot; the IOC executive said.<br /><br />Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&quot; one executive said.</div>',
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	'title' => 'A Rs 10,000cr kerosene black market killed Yeshwant Sonawane by Sanjay Dutta',
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<div align="justify">
A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &quot;poor man's fuel&quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that's two or three times higher.<br />
<br />
It's really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn't.<br />
<br />
The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &mdash; said to be conservative &mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.<br />
<br />
Here's a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That's why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.<br />
<br />
&quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.<br />
<br />
An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.<br />
<br />
Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&quot;<br />
<br />
Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&quot; the IOC executive said.<br />
<br />
Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&quot; one executive said.
</div>',
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A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this...'
$disp = '<br /><div align="justify">A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this &quot;poor man's fuel&quot; is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that's two or three times higher.<br /><br />It's really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn't.<br /><br />The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates &mdash; said to be conservative &mdash; as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by &quot;organized gangs of mafia proportion&quot;. But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous.<br /><br />Here's a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne &mdash; or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene &mdash; is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That's why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative.<br /><br />&quot;Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people,&quot; said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said.<br /><br />An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year.<br /><br />Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. &quot;Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas.&quot;<br /><br />Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. &quot;When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now,&quot; the IOC executive said.<br /><br />Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. &quot;It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position,&quot; one executive said.</div>'
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A Rs 10,000cr kerosene black market killed Yeshwant Sonawane by Sanjay Dutta

A thriving black market in kerosene, estimated to be worth Rs 10,000 crore every year, killed additional collector Yeshwant Sonawane. A litre of kerosene sold at ration shops is often costlier than a bottle of packaged water. Most of this "poor man's fuel" is pilfered and sold in the black market for a price that's two or three times higher. It's really money for jam. Sonawane tried to meddle with this lucrative illegality and paid with his life. Actually, most enforcement officers make peace with the fuel mafia and get some crumbs from the mafia. It would appear Sonawane didn't. The oil ministry has tried to work out the maths of this black market. According to its estimates — said to be conservative — as much as 40% of the kerosene supplied for the poor is siphoned off by "organized gangs of mafia proportion". But even going by this estimate, the illegal trade is humungous. Here's a quick calculation. State-run oil companies annually supply 9-10 million tonne of the fuel for sale through ration shops; 40% of that means almost 4 million tonne — or about 5200,000,000 litres of kerosene — is flowing into the parallel market. At around Rs 31 per litre in the open market, this trade is worth Rs 16,120 crore. That's why the official estimate (done in 2006) is said to be conservative. "Even at the government-capped price, the value of this diverted kerosene will be huge. Add to that the money these fuel gangs would be making by selling it in the black market for more than twice the controlled price, and you will get a really large trade involving thousands of people," said a senior marketing executive of biggest fuel retailer IndianOil Corporation said. An interim report by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) had in 2005-06 said nearly 4-5 million kilolitres of kerosene was being diverted every year. It had put the stakes at Rs 10,000 crore at the time when consumption levels were hovering a tad higher at 10-11 million tonne a year. Around the same time, a study by National Institute of Public Finance and Planning (NIPFP) said government subsidy gave kerosene an undue price advantage against other fuels and created ground for diversion. The NIPFP study also said kerosene and cooking gas subsidies benefit semi-urban and urban consumers more, respectively, rather than the rural poor. "Decades of subsidies have failed to shift the fuel consumption patterns away from biomass in rural areas." Oil company executives said about 20% of the total kerosene supplied to the ration shops are used for adulteration of diesel and lubricants used by truckers. Now a substantial quantity is smuggled to Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan as the fuel is priced much higher in those countries. "When the studies were being conducted, kerosene was even being smuggled to Sri Lanka. But it may not be the case now," the IOC executive said. Oil company executives say that about a third of the diverted kerosene is used as fuel (no doubt, by the poor at a hefty premium). The remaining quantity is used for adulteration or is smuggled out of the country. Usually adulteration with diesel is done in the ratio of 30:70 but in cases it can go upto almost half. "It all depends on how quick a buck the adulterator wants to make or on the diesel supply position," one executive said.