Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
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-The Financial Express
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.
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		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Financial Express, 24 April, 2013, http://www.financialexpress.com/news/cacp-answer-to-cag-s-ire-on-mgnrega-invest-more-in-agriculture/1106828&#039;,
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-The Financial Express



Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Financial Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Financial Express
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&lt;br /&gt;
Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.
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A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.
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With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.
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In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.
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-The Financial Express



Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days...&#039;
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-The Financial Express



Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days..."/>
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                <strong>CACP answer to CAG’s ire on MGNREGA: Invest more in agriculture</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Financial Express</div><p align="justify"><br />Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.</p><p align="justify">A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.</p><p align="justify">With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.</p><p align="justify">CACP's Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.</p><p align="justify">The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &quot;pull&quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &quot;push&quot; impact of MGNREGA.</p><p align="justify">In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.</p><p align="justify">In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.</p>               </font>
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</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
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-The Financial Express
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&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.
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-The Financial Express



Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Financial Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Financial Express
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&lt;br /&gt;
Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.
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A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.
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With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.
&lt;/p&gt;
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In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.
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-The Financial Express



Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days..."/>
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                <strong>CACP answer to CAG’s ire on MGNREGA: Invest more in agriculture</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Financial Express</div><p align="justify"><br />Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.</p><p align="justify">A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.</p><p align="justify">With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.</p><p align="justify">CACP's Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.</p><p align="justify">The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &quot;pull&quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &quot;push&quot; impact of MGNREGA.</p><p align="justify">In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.</p><p align="justify">In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.</p>               </font>
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-The Financial Express
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&lt;br /&gt;
Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.
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-The Financial Express



Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Financial Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Financial Express
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&lt;br /&gt;
Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.
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A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.
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With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.
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-The Financial Express



Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Financial Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA&#039;s flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;CACP&#039;s Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &amp;quot;pull&amp;quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &amp;quot;push&amp;quot; impact of MGNREGA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
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Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days..."/>
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                <strong>CACP answer to CAG’s ire on MGNREGA: Invest more in agriculture</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Financial Express</div><p align="justify"><br />Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.</p><p align="justify">A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.</p><p align="justify">With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.</p><p align="justify">CACP's Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.</p><p align="justify">The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &quot;pull&quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &quot;push&quot; impact of MGNREGA.</p><p align="justify">In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.</p><p align="justify">In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.</p>               </font>
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-The Financial Express
</div>
<p align="justify">
<br />
Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.
</p>
<p align="justify">
A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.
</p>
<p align="justify">
With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.
</p>
<p align="justify">
CACP's Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.
</p>
<p align="justify">
The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &quot;pull&quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &quot;push&quot; impact of MGNREGA.
</p>
<p align="justify">
In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.
</p>
<p align="justify">
In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.
</p>',
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-The Financial Express



Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days...',
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-The Financial Express
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<p align="justify">
<br />
Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.
</p>
<p align="justify">
A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.
</p>
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With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.
</p>
<p align="justify">
CACP's Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.
</p>
<p align="justify">
The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &quot;pull&quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &quot;push&quot; impact of MGNREGA.
</p>
<p align="justify">
In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.
</p>
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In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.
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-The Financial Express



Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-The Financial Express</div><p align="justify"><br />Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed.</p><p align="justify">A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991.</p><p align="justify">With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth.</p><p align="justify">CACP's Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages.</p><p align="justify">The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The &quot;pull&quot; impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the &quot;push&quot; impact of MGNREGA.</p><p align="justify">In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%.</p><p align="justify">In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.</p>'
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CACP answer to CAG’s ire on MGNREGA: Invest more in agriculture

-The Financial Express Seven years after MGNREGA came into being, the CAG report tabled on Tuesday in Parliament paints a dismal picture of the UPA's flagship rural employment guarantee programme. According to the CAG, while employment generation fell from 54 days per household in FY10 to 43 days in FY12, states that account for 46% of the rural poor - Bihar, Maharashtra and UP - utilised only a fifth of the funds made available. In 14 states and one Union Territory, just 30% of the planned works were completed. A forthcoming study by the Commission for Agricultural Costs and prices (CACP) has innovative solutions to the problems mentioned in the CAG report, as well as to the oft-repeated claim that MGNREGA is driving rural wages beyond control. During FY07 to FY12, nominal farm wages rose by 17.55% per year - real wages rose by 6.8% per year - the highest since economic reforms began in 1991. With just 2-3% of all agriculture jobs being generated by MGNREGA - once you take into account the 45-50 days per year employment - it is clear MGNREGA cannot be driving agriculture wage growth. CACP's Ashok Gulati, Surbhi Jain and Nidhi Satija construct an econometric model for agricultural wages and find that a 10% increase in state GDP leads to a 2.4% rise in agricultural wages; a similar increase in agri-GDP at the level of each State leads to a 2.1% rise in farm wages. The impact of MGNREGA is, by contrast, around 4-6 times less. The "pull" impact of GDP/agri-GDP and construction is much more pronounced, they find, at even the level of individual States as compared to the "push" impact of MGNREGA. In the early 1990s when agriculture was growing at 4.8% per annum, the CACP paper points out that real farm wages were growing by 3.7% per annum. In the period from 1997 to 2004, when agri growth fell to 2.4%, wage growth also fell to around 2.1%. In other words, were the government to increase investments in agriculture, as opposed to increasing spending on subsidies - Rs 2 lakh crore has been spent so far on MGNREGA - the impact on farm wages would have been higher. An earlier study by Fan/Gulati/Thorat had estimated that the marginal returns on public investments in agriculture are at least 5-10 times more than those on subsidies such as fertilisers, power and so on.