Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The ministry&amp;rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&amp;rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&amp;rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&amp;rsquo; backwardness as well.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He added: &amp;ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &amp;mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &amp;mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;
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India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.


Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The ministry&amp;rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&amp;rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&amp;rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&amp;rsquo; backwardness as well.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&amp;ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;He added: &amp;ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&amp;ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&amp;ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &amp;mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &amp;mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The ministry&amp;rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&amp;rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&amp;rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&amp;rsquo; backwardness as well.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He added: &amp;ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &amp;mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &amp;mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Telegraph, 4 January, 2010, http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100104/jsp/frontpage/story_11939668.jsp&#039;,
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India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.


Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one...&#039;
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                <strong>Call for first caste census by Cithara Paul</strong></h1>
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                <p align="justify"><font >India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The ministry&rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&rsquo; backwardness as well.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He added: &ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&rsquo;&rsquo;</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&rsquo;&rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.<br />&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /></font></p>               </font>
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The ministry&amp;rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&amp;rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&amp;rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&amp;rsquo; backwardness as well.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He added: &amp;ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &amp;mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &amp;mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.


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	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The ministry&amp;rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&amp;rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&amp;rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&amp;rsquo; backwardness as well.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&amp;ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;He added: &amp;ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&amp;ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&amp;ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &amp;mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &amp;mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Call for first caste census by Cithara Paul&#039;,
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	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The ministry&amp;rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&amp;rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&amp;rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&amp;rsquo; backwardness as well.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He added: &amp;ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &amp;mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &amp;mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
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India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.


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            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Call for first caste census by Cithara Paul</strong></h1>
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                <p align="justify"><font >India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The ministry&rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&rsquo; backwardness as well.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He added: &ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&rsquo;&rsquo;</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&rsquo;&rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.<br />&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /></font></p>               </font>
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The ministry&amp;rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&amp;rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&amp;rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&amp;rsquo; backwardness as well.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He added: &amp;ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &amp;mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &amp;mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
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India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.


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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The ministry&amp;rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&amp;rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&amp;rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&amp;rsquo; backwardness as well.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He added: &amp;ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&amp;rsquo;&amp;rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &amp;mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &amp;mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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                <strong>Call for first caste census by Cithara Paul</strong></h1>
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                <p align="justify"><font >India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The ministry&rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&rsquo; backwardness as well.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He added: &ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&rsquo;&rsquo;</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&rsquo;&rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.<br />&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /></font></p>               </font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The ministry&rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.</font>
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<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.</font>
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<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&rsquo; backwardness as well.</font>
</p>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">He added: &ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&rsquo;&rsquo;</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. </font>
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<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&rsquo;&rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.<br />
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&rsquo; backwardness as well.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">He added: &ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&rsquo;&rsquo;</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. </font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&rsquo;&rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.<br />
&nbsp;<br />
&nbsp;<br />
</font>
</p>
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India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.


Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one...'
$disp = '<p align="justify"><font >India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The ministry&rsquo;s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country&rsquo;s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission&rsquo;s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups&rsquo; backwardness as well.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He added: &ldquo;The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?&rsquo;&rsquo;</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,&rsquo;&rsquo; the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&ldquo;It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,&rsquo;&rsquo; said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers &mdash; H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh &mdash; between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.<br />&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /></font></p>'
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Call for first caste census by Cithara Paul

India may next year witness its first census since Independence that refers to caste, if the Centre accepts a social justice ministry recommendation that could be politically controversial. Officials said the ministry had asked for caste to be included as one of the criteria in the 2011 census, and recommended a differential headcount of the Other Backward Classes and reassessment of their conditions that could lead to changes in the OBC list. The ministry’s move follows suggestions for a caste census from the National Commission for Backward Classes and various high courts. A note will be placed before the cabinet for a decision, sources said. The last census that cited caste took place in 1931, after which caste was dropped from the exercise on the ground that it would lead to divisiveness. The country’s first home minister, Vallabhbhai Patel, had declared that a caste count would never be done in Independent India. Successive governments have since then resisted calls for such a survey, fearing controversy. Now, armed with the fresh demands, the social justice ministry argues that such a count is necessary to assess the changes that government schemes have brought about in the social, economic and educational conditions of the various castes since 1931. A ministry official acknowledged that the OBCs were at the heart of the proposed caste census. Ever since the Centre accepted the Mandal Commission’s recommendations on job reservations in 1990, there have been several demands for accurate OBC population figures.The ministry wants the census directorate, which is under the home ministry, to reassess the various groups’ backwardness as well. “In the eight decades since the last caste-based census, there would have been dramatic changes in caste compositions and conditions. There are opportunities for addition and deletion. But all this will be clear only if we have correct data,’’ the official said. He added: “The government has a number of welfare schemes on the basis of caste. Without knowing the exact figures of the various castes, how can the government plan its schemes?’’ The official said the parliamentary standing committee on the social justice ministry had in a recent report said the government did not have reliable data on the populations of the backward castes and those living below the poverty line. Several political parties such as the Janata Dal (United) and the Lok Janshakti Party have asked for caste surveys but the Centre has so far not responded, fearing controversy. “We are not asking for an exclusive caste-based survey but only for caste to be added to the list of parameters. There is no reason for any controversy,’’ the official said.The 10-yearly census is normally based on socio-economic criteria such as age, sex, Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe status, literacy, religion, mother tongue or languages known, and economic and migration status. Former social justice secretary P.S. Krishnan said a caste-based census would be a step towards eliminating caste in the long run. “It is wrong to say that a caste census will re-affirm caste. Equal opportunity for all will eventually eliminate caste,’’ said Krishnan, now an adviser to the human resource development ministry. He said that when B.P. Mandal, the author of the Mandal report, had been an MP, he had asked three home ministers — H.M. Patel, Y.B. Chavan and Giani Zail Singh — between 1978 and 1980 to conduct a caste-based census. The next census will be conducted from February 9 to 28, 2011, with March 1 as the reference date.