Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 73,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'catslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 73,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'catslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 74,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 74,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 38175,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Counterview.net, 6 January, 2019, https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 4686306,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 38175,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin),Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA),Swachh Bharat Mission,Open Defecation,Open Defecation Free (ODF)&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot; title=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot; title=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 38175,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Counterview.net, 6 January, 2019, https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 4686306,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 38175
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin),Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA),Swachh Bharat Mission,Open Defecation,Open Defecation Free (ODF)&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot; title=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot; title=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &quot;unlikely&quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &quot;unlikely&quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div align="justify">-Counterview.net<br /><br />Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, <a href="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/" title="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/">a recent study</a>, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.<br /><br />Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &ldquo;qualitative interviews&rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.<br /><br />Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&rdquo;<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook" title="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$maxBufferLength = (int) 8192
$file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php'
$line = (int) 853
$message = 'Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853'
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148]
Code Context
            $response->getStatusCode(),

            ($reasonPhrase ? ' ' . $reasonPhrase : '')

        ));
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 38175,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Counterview.net, 6 January, 2019, https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 4686306,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 38175,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin),Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA),Swachh Bharat Mission,Open Defecation,Open Defecation Free (ODF)&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot; title=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot; title=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 38175,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Counterview.net, 6 January, 2019, https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 4686306,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 38175
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin),Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA),Swachh Bharat Mission,Open Defecation,Open Defecation Free (ODF)&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot; title=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot; title=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &quot;unlikely&quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &quot;unlikely&quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div align="justify">-Counterview.net<br /><br />Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, <a href="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/" title="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/">a recent study</a>, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.<br /><br />Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &ldquo;qualitative interviews&rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.<br /><br />Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&rdquo;<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook" title="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$reasonPhrase = 'OK'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 54
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181]
Code Context
                    $value

                ), $first);

                $first = false;
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f070ce0c15d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 38175,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Counterview.net, 6 January, 2019, https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 4686306,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 38175,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin),Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA),Swachh Bharat Mission,Open Defecation,Open Defecation Free (ODF)&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot; title=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot; title=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 38175,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Counterview.net, 6 January, 2019, https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 4686306,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 38175
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &amp;quot;unlikely&amp;quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin),Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA),Swachh Bharat Mission,Open Defecation,Open Defecation Free (ODF)&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Counterview.net&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &amp;ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&amp;rdquo; in the Hindi belt, &lt;a href=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot; title=&quot;https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/&quot;&gt;a recent study&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&amp;rdquo; has found that &amp;ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&amp;rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &amp;ldquo;qualitative interviews&amp;rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &amp;ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &amp;ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &amp;ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot; title=&quot;https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;amp;utm_medium=facebook&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &quot;unlikely&quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &quot;unlikely&quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div align="justify">-Counterview.net<br /><br />Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, <a href="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/" title="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/">a recent study</a>, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.<br /><br />Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &ldquo;qualitative interviews&rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.<br /><br />Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&rdquo;<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook" title="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$cookies = []
$values = [
	(int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
]
$name = 'Content-Type'
$first = true
$value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitHeaders() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 55
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

<head>

    <link rel="canonical" href="<?php echo Configure::read('SITE_URL'); ?><?php echo $urlPrefix;?><?php echo $article_current->category->slug; ?>/<?php echo $article_current->seo_url; ?>.html"/>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>

$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp'
$dataForView = [
	'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		'id' => (int) 38175,
		'title' => 'Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline "unlikely" to last: Study -Rajiv Shah',
		'subheading' => '',
		'description' => '<div align="justify">
-Counterview.net<br />
<br />
Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, <a href="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/">a recent study</a>, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.<br />
<br />
Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &ldquo;qualitative interviews&rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.<br />
<br />
Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&rdquo;<br />
<br />
Please <a href="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook">click here</a> to read more. <br />
</div>',
		'credit_writer' => 'Counterview.net, 6 January, 2019, https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook',
		'article_img' => '',
		'article_img_thumb' => '',
		'status' => (int) 1,
		'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
		'lang' => 'EN',
		'category_id' => (int) 16,
		'tag_keyword' => '',
		'seo_url' => 'coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306',
		'meta_title' => null,
		'meta_keywords' => null,
		'meta_description' => null,
		'noindex' => (int) 0,
		'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		'most_visit_section_id' => null,
		'article_big_img' => null,
		'liveid' => (int) 4686306,
		'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'edate' => '',
		'tags' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[hasErrors]' => false,
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'Articles'
	
	},
	'articleid' => (int) 38175,
	'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &quot;unlikely&quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah',
	'metaKeywords' => 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin),Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA),Swachh Bharat Mission,Open Defecation,Open Defecation Free (ODF)',
	'metaDesc' => '
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of...',
	'disp' => '<div align="justify">-Counterview.net<br /><br />Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, <a href="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/" title="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/">a recent study</a>, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.<br /><br />Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &ldquo;qualitative interviews&rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.<br /><br />Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&rdquo;<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook" title="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>',
	'lang' => 'English',
	'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/',
	'site_title' => 'im4change',
	'adminprix' => 'admin'
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	'id' => (int) 38175,
	'title' => 'Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &quot;unlikely&quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah',
	'subheading' => '',
	'description' => '<div align="justify">
-Counterview.net<br />
<br />
Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, <a href="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/">a recent study</a>, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.<br />
<br />
Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &ldquo;qualitative interviews&rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.<br />
<br />
Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&rdquo;<br />
<br />
Please <a href="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook">click here</a> to read more. <br />
</div>',
	'credit_writer' => 'Counterview.net, 6 January, 2019, https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook',
	'article_img' => '',
	'article_img_thumb' => '',
	'status' => (int) 1,
	'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
	'lang' => 'EN',
	'category_id' => (int) 16,
	'tag_keyword' => '',
	'seo_url' => 'coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open-defecation-decline-unlikely-to-last-study-rajiv-shah-4686306',
	'meta_title' => null,
	'meta_keywords' => null,
	'meta_description' => null,
	'noindex' => (int) 0,
	'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	'most_visit_section_id' => null,
	'article_big_img' => null,
	'liveid' => (int) 4686306,
	'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'edate' => '',
	'tags' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	'[new]' => false,
	'[accessible]' => [
		'*' => true,
		'id' => false
	],
	'[dirty]' => [],
	'[original]' => [],
	'[virtual]' => [],
	'[hasErrors]' => false,
	'[errors]' => [],
	'[invalid]' => [],
	'[repository]' => 'Articles'

}
$articleid = (int) 38175
$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline &quot;unlikely&quot; to last: Study -Rajiv Shah'
$metaKeywords = 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin),Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA),Swachh Bharat Mission,Open Defecation,Open Defecation Free (ODF)'
$metaDesc = '
-Counterview.net

Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, a recent study, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-Counterview.net<br /><br />Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that &ldquo;open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated&rdquo; in the Hindi belt, <a href="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/" title="https://riceinstitute.org/research/changes-in-open-defecation-in-rural-north-india-2014-2018-2/">a recent study</a>, &ldquo;Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018&rdquo; has found that &ldquo;between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open&rdquo; in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.<br /><br />Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 &ldquo;qualitative interviews&rdquo;, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation &ndash; 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar &ndash; the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion.<br /><br />Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, &ldquo;rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.&rdquo;<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook" title="https://www.counterview.net/2019/01/coercion-induced-26-hindi-belt-open.html?utm_source=dlvr.it&amp;utm_medium=facebook">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>'
$lang = 'English'
$SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/'
$site_title = 'im4change'
$adminprix = 'admin'

include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51

Coercion-induced 26% Hindi belt open defecation decline "unlikely" to last: Study -Rajiv Shah

-Counterview.net Sharply contesting the Government of India claim that “open defecation has been entirely or largely eliminated” in the Hindi belt, a recent study, “Changes in open defecation in rural north India: 2014-2018” has found that “between 42% to 57% of rural people over two years old defecate in the open” in Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. Based on a survey of 1,558 households involving 9,812 individuals, and 156 “qualitative interviews”, the survey finds that there was inter-state variation – 25% in Bihar, 39% in Uttar Pradesh, 53% in Rajasthan and 60% in Bihar – the study says even this was a better showing than what it was previously, though achieved through coercion. Predicting that coercive tactics are unlikely to remain effective for long, the study says, compared with 2014, when the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance came to power, there was 26 percentage point reduction in open defecation in 2018, which is more than six percentage points per year, “rapid compared to the likely rate of decline in prior years.” Please click here to read more.