Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr68168c123751d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr68168c123751d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
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</span></code></span>
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</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr68168c123751d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
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&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &amp;mdash; mainly protons and electrons &amp;mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&amp;rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&amp;rsquo;s temperature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &amp;ldquo;quite significant&amp;rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&amp;deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&amp;deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &amp;ldquo;considerably less&amp;rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;We&amp;rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &amp;mdash; we&amp;rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&amp;rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &amp;mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&amp;rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &amp;ldquo;But a debate is possible &amp;mdash; we still don&amp;rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&amp;rdquo; Beer said. &lt;br /&gt;
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.

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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &amp;mdash; mainly protons and electrons &amp;mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&amp;rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&amp;deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&amp;deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &amp;ldquo;considerably less&amp;rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;We&amp;rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &amp;mdash; we&amp;rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&amp;rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &amp;mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&amp;rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &amp;ldquo;But a debate is possible &amp;mdash; we still don&amp;rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&amp;rdquo; Beer said. &lt;br /&gt;
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Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.

The scientific review, by Udupi..."/>
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                <strong>Cosmic row on climate by GS Mudur</strong></h1>
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                <br /><div align="justify">The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.<br /><br />The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.<br /><br />The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &mdash; mainly protons and electrons &mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.<br /><br />A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&rsquo;s temperature.<br /><br />Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &ldquo;quite significant&rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.<br /><br />He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &ldquo;considerably less&rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.<br /><br />&ldquo;We&rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &mdash; we&rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.<br /><br />But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.<br /><br />Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.<br /><br />&ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.<br /><br />Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &ldquo;But a debate is possible &mdash; we still don&rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&rdquo; Beer said. <br /></div>               </font>
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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr68168c123751d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68168c123751d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr68168c123751d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &amp;mdash; mainly protons and electrons &amp;mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&amp;rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&amp;rsquo;s temperature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &amp;ldquo;quite significant&amp;rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&amp;deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&amp;deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &amp;ldquo;considerably less&amp;rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;We&amp;rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &amp;mdash; we&amp;rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&amp;rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &amp;mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&amp;rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &amp;ldquo;But a debate is possible &amp;mdash; we still don&amp;rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&amp;rdquo; Beer said. &lt;br /&gt;
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &amp;mdash; mainly protons and electrons &amp;mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&amp;rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&amp;deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&amp;deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &amp;ldquo;considerably less&amp;rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;We&amp;rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &amp;mdash; we&amp;rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&amp;rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &amp;mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&amp;rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &amp;ldquo;But a debate is possible &amp;mdash; we still don&amp;rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&amp;rdquo; Beer said. &lt;br /&gt;
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.

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                <strong>Cosmic row on climate by GS Mudur</strong></h1>
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                <br /><div align="justify">The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.<br /><br />The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.<br /><br />The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &mdash; mainly protons and electrons &mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.<br /><br />A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&rsquo;s temperature.<br /><br />Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &ldquo;quite significant&rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.<br /><br />He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &ldquo;considerably less&rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.<br /><br />&ldquo;We&rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &mdash; we&rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.<br /><br />But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.<br /><br />Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.<br /><br />&ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.<br /><br />Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &ldquo;But a debate is possible &mdash; we still don&rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&rdquo; Beer said. <br /></div>               </font>
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &amp;mdash; mainly protons and electrons &amp;mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&amp;rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&amp;rsquo;s temperature.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&amp;deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&amp;deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &amp;ldquo;considerably less&amp;rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;We&amp;rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &amp;mdash; we&amp;rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&amp;rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &amp;mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&amp;rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &amp;ldquo;But a debate is possible &amp;mdash; we still don&amp;rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&amp;rdquo; Beer said. &lt;br /&gt;
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.

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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&amp;rsquo;s temperature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &amp;ldquo;quite significant&amp;rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&amp;deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&amp;deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &amp;ldquo;considerably less&amp;rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;We&amp;rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &amp;mdash; we&amp;rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&amp;rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &amp;mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&amp;rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &amp;ldquo;But a debate is possible &amp;mdash; we still don&amp;rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&amp;rdquo; Beer said. &lt;br /&gt;
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$disp = &#039;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &amp;mdash; mainly protons and electrons &amp;mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&amp;rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&amp;rsquo;s temperature.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &amp;ldquo;quite significant&amp;rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&amp;deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&amp;deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &amp;ldquo;considerably less&amp;rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;We&amp;rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &amp;mdash; we&amp;rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&amp;rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &amp;mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&amp;rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &amp;ldquo;But a debate is possible &amp;mdash; we still don&amp;rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&amp;rdquo; Beer said. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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                <strong>Cosmic row on climate by GS Mudur</strong></h1>
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                <br /><div align="justify">The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.<br /><br />The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.<br /><br />The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &mdash; mainly protons and electrons &mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.<br /><br />A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&rsquo;s temperature.<br /><br />Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &ldquo;quite significant&rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.<br /><br />He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &ldquo;considerably less&rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.<br /><br />&ldquo;We&rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &mdash; we&rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.<br /><br />But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.<br /><br />Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.<br /><br />&ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.<br /><br />Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &ldquo;But a debate is possible &mdash; we still don&rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&rdquo; Beer said. <br /></div>               </font>
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.<br />
<br />
The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.<br />
<br />
The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &mdash; mainly protons and electrons &mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.<br />
<br />
A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&rsquo;s temperature.<br />
<br />
Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &ldquo;quite significant&rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.<br />
<br />
He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &ldquo;considerably less&rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;We&rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &mdash; we&rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.<br />
<br />
But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.<br />
<br />
Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.<br />
<br />
Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &ldquo;But a debate is possible &mdash; we still don&rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&rdquo; Beer said. <br />
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.<br />
<br />
The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.<br />
<br />
The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &mdash; mainly protons and electrons &mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.<br />
<br />
A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&rsquo;s temperature.<br />
<br />
Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &ldquo;quite significant&rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.<br />
<br />
He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &ldquo;considerably less&rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;We&rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &mdash; we&rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.<br />
<br />
But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.<br />
<br />
Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.<br />
<br />
Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &ldquo;But a debate is possible &mdash; we still don&rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&rdquo; Beer said. <br />
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$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Cosmic row on climate by GS Mudur'
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The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.

The scientific review, by Udupi...'
$disp = '<br /><div align="justify">The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet.<br /><br />The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise.<br /><br />The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays &mdash; mainly protons and electrons &mdash; which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun&rsquo;s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux.<br /><br />A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth&rsquo;s temperature.<br /><br />Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is &ldquo;quite significant&rdquo; and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming.<br /><br />He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42&deg;C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75&deg;C over the past century. This, Rao said, is &ldquo;considerably less&rdquo; than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency.<br /><br />&ldquo;We&rsquo;re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases &mdash; we&rsquo;re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,&rdquo; said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh.<br /><br />But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds.<br /><br />Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.<br /><br />&ldquo;The galactic cosmic rays have some effect &mdash; but it does not appear to be a significant effect,&rdquo; said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate.<br /><br />Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. &ldquo;But a debate is possible &mdash; we still don&rsquo;t fully understand space and atmosphere,&rdquo; Beer said. <br /></div>'
$lang = 'English'
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Cosmic row on climate by GS Mudur

The environment ministry today released a paper by a senior Indian space scientist that highlights the role of cosmic rays in global warming and attempts to rekindle a 13-year debate on natural factors heating the planet. The scientific review, by Udupi Ramachandra Rao, a cosmic ray physicist and former head of the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro), also claims the UN climate change agency overestimated the role of greenhouse gases on the observed global temperature rise. The Earth is under a steady shower of galactic cosmic rays — mainly protons and electrons — which some scientists believe can help build clouds in the atmosphere. But the Sun’s changing magnetic field can increase or decrease cosmic ray flux. A decrease is expected to reduce the cloud cover which would result in less solar energy being reflected back into space. This would lead to increase in the Earth’s temperature. Rao, who analysed recent studies on the history of cosmic ray intensity, has said that the contribution of recent changes in galactic cosmic ray intensity to climate change is “quite significant” and needs to be factored into predictions of global warming. He said greenhouse gas emissions seem to account for 0.42°C (60 per cent) of the observed global warming of 0.75°C over the past century. This, Rao said, is “considerably less” than predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the UN agency. “We’re not denying the contribution of greenhouse gases — we’re only trying to expand the scientific debate to look at some non-greenhouse gas factors that may also influence global warming,” said Union environment minister Jairam Ramesh. But some scientists familiar with the subject said that while there is always place for debate in science, the available evidence so far has failed to conclusively prove or disprove the link between galactic cosmic rays and clouds. Two Danish scientists Henrik Svensmark and Friis Christensen had proposed the connection between galactic cosmic rays and clouds in 1997. But despite a number of studies since then, scientists can neither categorically rule out a connection nor conclude affirmatively about such a connection, said Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a senior atmospheric scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. “The galactic cosmic rays have some effect — but it does not appear to be a significant effect,” said Juerg Beer, a physicist at the Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology in Switzerland, who was in Goa today to attend a conference on space climate. Beer and his colleagues used chemical signatures frozen in ice cores to reconstruct the changes in cosmic ray intensity over several centuries. But they could not establish any link between clouds or climate and cosmic rays. “But a debate is possible — we still don’t fully understand space and atmosphere,” Beer said.