Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 73,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'catslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 73,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/demand-not-supply-16134/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/demand-not-supply-16134/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'catslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 74,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 74,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/demand-not-supply-16134/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/demand-not-supply-16134/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr68031b46cd214-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr68031b46cd214-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr68031b46cd214-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16006,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Demand, not supply&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
-The Business Standard
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Business Standard, 9 July, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/demand-not-supply/479829/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;demand-not-supply-16134&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 16134,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 16006,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;NREGS,NREGA,Migration&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;
-The Business Standard


&amp;nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Business Standard&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16006,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Demand, not supply&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
-The Business Standard
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Business Standard, 9 July, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/demand-not-supply/479829/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;demand-not-supply-16134&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 16134,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 16006
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;NREGS,NREGA,Migration&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;
-The Business Standard


&amp;nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Business Standard&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/demand-not-supply-16134.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="
-The Business Standard


&nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Demand, not supply</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div style="text-align: justify">-The Business Standard</div><div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>MGNREGA review should be based on more research</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.</div>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$maxBufferLength = (int) 8192
$file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php'
$line = (int) 853
$message = 'Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853'
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148]
Code Context
            $response->getStatusCode(),

            ($reasonPhrase ? ' ' . $reasonPhrase : '')

        ));
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr68031b46cd214-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr68031b46cd214-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr68031b46cd214-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16006,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Demand, not supply&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
-The Business Standard
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Business Standard, 9 July, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/demand-not-supply/479829/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;demand-not-supply-16134&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 16134,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 16006,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;NREGS,NREGA,Migration&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;
-The Business Standard


&amp;nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Business Standard&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16006,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Demand, not supply&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
-The Business Standard
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Business Standard, 9 July, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/demand-not-supply/479829/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;demand-not-supply-16134&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 16134,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 16006
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;NREGS,NREGA,Migration&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;
-The Business Standard


&amp;nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Business Standard&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/demand-not-supply-16134.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="
-The Business Standard


&nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Demand, not supply</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div style="text-align: justify">-The Business Standard</div><div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>MGNREGA review should be based on more research</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.</div>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$reasonPhrase = 'OK'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 54
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181]
Code Context
                    $value

                ), $first);

                $first = false;
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr68031b46cd214-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68031b46cd214-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr68031b46cd214-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr68031b46cd214-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16006,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Demand, not supply&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
-The Business Standard
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Business Standard, 9 July, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/demand-not-supply/479829/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;demand-not-supply-16134&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 16134,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 16006,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;NREGS,NREGA,Migration&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;
-The Business Standard


&amp;nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Business Standard&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16006,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Demand, not supply&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
-The Business Standard
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Business Standard, 9 July, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/demand-not-supply/479829/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;demand-not-supply-16134&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 16134,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 16006
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;NREGS,NREGA,Migration&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;
-The Business Standard


&amp;nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Business Standard&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;MGNREGA review should be based on more research&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&amp;rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &amp;mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&amp;rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &amp;mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &amp;ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&amp;rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&amp;rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &amp;mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&amp;rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &amp;mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/demand-not-supply-16134.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="
-The Business Standard


&nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Demand, not supply</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div style="text-align: justify">-The Business Standard</div><div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>MGNREGA review should be based on more research</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.</div>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$cookies = []
$values = [
	(int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
]
$name = 'Content-Type'
$first = true
$value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitHeaders() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 55
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

<head>

    <link rel="canonical" href="<?php echo Configure::read('SITE_URL'); ?><?php echo $urlPrefix;?><?php echo $article_current->category->slug; ?>/<?php echo $article_current->seo_url; ?>.html"/>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>

$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp'
$dataForView = [
	'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		'id' => (int) 16006,
		'title' => 'Demand, not supply',
		'subheading' => '',
		'description' => '<div style="text-align: justify">
-The Business Standard
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<em>MGNREGA review should be based on more research</em>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.
</div>',
		'credit_writer' => 'The Business Standard, 9 July, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/demand-not-supply/479829/',
		'article_img' => '',
		'article_img_thumb' => '',
		'status' => (int) 1,
		'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
		'lang' => 'EN',
		'category_id' => (int) 16,
		'tag_keyword' => '',
		'seo_url' => 'demand-not-supply-16134',
		'meta_title' => null,
		'meta_keywords' => null,
		'meta_description' => null,
		'noindex' => (int) 0,
		'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		'most_visit_section_id' => null,
		'article_big_img' => null,
		'liveid' => (int) 16134,
		'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'edate' => '',
		'tags' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[hasErrors]' => false,
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'Articles'
	
	},
	'articleid' => (int) 16006,
	'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply',
	'metaKeywords' => 'NREGS,NREGA,Migration',
	'metaDesc' => '
-The Business Standard


&nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are...',
	'disp' => '<div style="text-align: justify">-The Business Standard</div><div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>MGNREGA review should be based on more research</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.</div>',
	'lang' => 'English',
	'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/',
	'site_title' => 'im4change',
	'adminprix' => 'admin'
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	'id' => (int) 16006,
	'title' => 'Demand, not supply',
	'subheading' => '',
	'description' => '<div style="text-align: justify">
-The Business Standard
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
&nbsp;
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<em>MGNREGA review should be based on more research</em>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.
</div>',
	'credit_writer' => 'The Business Standard, 9 July, 2012, http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/demand-not-supply/479829/',
	'article_img' => '',
	'article_img_thumb' => '',
	'status' => (int) 1,
	'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
	'lang' => 'EN',
	'category_id' => (int) 16,
	'tag_keyword' => '',
	'seo_url' => 'demand-not-supply-16134',
	'meta_title' => null,
	'meta_keywords' => null,
	'meta_description' => null,
	'noindex' => (int) 0,
	'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	'most_visit_section_id' => null,
	'article_big_img' => null,
	'liveid' => (int) 16134,
	'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'edate' => '',
	'tags' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	'[new]' => false,
	'[accessible]' => [
		'*' => true,
		'id' => false
	],
	'[dirty]' => [],
	'[original]' => [],
	'[virtual]' => [],
	'[hasErrors]' => false,
	'[errors]' => [],
	'[invalid]' => [],
	'[repository]' => 'Articles'

}
$articleid = (int) 16006
$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Demand, not supply'
$metaKeywords = 'NREGS,NREGA,Migration'
$metaDesc = '
-The Business Standard


&nbsp;


MGNREGA review should be based on more research





Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are...'
$disp = '<div style="text-align: justify">-The Business Standard</div><div style="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>MGNREGA review should be based on more research</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA&rsquo;s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages &mdash; thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one&rsquo;s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme &mdash; perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that &ldquo;trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA&rdquo;. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn&rsquo;t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages &mdash; something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry&rsquo;s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised &mdash; as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.</div>'
$lang = 'English'
$SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/'
$site_title = 'im4change'
$adminprix = 'admin'

include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51

Demand, not supply

-The Business Standard   MGNREGA review should be based on more research Both acclaim and accusations have been hurled at the UPA’s landmark scheme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee programme, or MGNREGA. Usually, the reasons for the criticism or praise are less-than-completely supported. For example, it has been both praised and condemned for providing local wage employment to the jobless, thus curbing outmigration; similarly, it is claimed that the scheme has pushed up agricultural wages — thus either uplifting the living standards of the rural poor or contributing to agricultural crisis and food inflation, depending on one’s view. Farmer organisations, in particular, have focused on what they have said is a labour crunch acute at peak times, such as when sowing and harvesting are to occur. This cry is loudest in the intensively farmed northwest and south. Some have called for a dilution of the scheme — perhaps a halt during peak agricultural seasons, or by allowing labour under the scheme to be performed on privately owned fields as well. That view is increasingly questioned by the evidence, which reveals that some common beliefs about the scheme and its impact are ill-founded. Recent work collated by the rural development ministry suggests that “trends of reduced labour force in agriculture precede MGNREGA”. A sequence of recent reports in the media, too, filed from intensive agricultural areas and during the kharif sowing season, does not endorse any dip in the seasonal labour migration. Nor do these reports attribute the rise in wages to MGNREGA-related factors. After all, implementation problems continue to bedevil the scheme, which hasn’t managed to offer employment for 100 days with fixed, timely wages everywhere. In Bihar, the state that accounts for the highest outmigration, just nine per cent of households got jobs under the scheme in 2011-12; and they averaged only 38 days of employment. Reportedly, few received full, on-time wages — something invisible to official records. Thus, the total earnings of an MGNREGA worker may not exceed Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 in a whole year; whereas the same worker migrating to, say, Punjab could easily make around Rs 8,000 in the short paddy transplanting season of less than a month. The MGNREGA, therefore, can hardly dissuade workers from migrating. Indeed, the rural development ministry’s collation of research suggests that only distress migration has been impacted, not seasonal migration. More and more agricultural economists and bureaucrats attribute labour shortages and higher wages in agriculturally progressive states to a surge in demand instead of a supply constraint. The pattern of farming has undergone significant changes in these states. For example, while wheat cultivation has been fully mechanised, paddy farmers are growing almost the same set of varieties requiring planting almost at the same time. The sowing season has been statutorily shortened to save water and electricity; labour demand has thus been concentrated to a few weeks rather than being evenly spread over months, as earlier. It appears more likely that, implementation issues apart, the MGNREGA is working as advertised — as a support to rural incomes. Calls for its dilution should wait for systematic, nationwide data.