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Resource centre on India's rural distress
 
 

Diarrhoea and Under-5 Mortality -Aditya Gulia and Varshita Agarwal

-The Wire Science

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development set 17 goals – from healthcare and education-based outcomes to social goals. The third of these calls on countries to “ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages”. One of its sub-goals aims to “end preventable deaths” of newborns and children younger than five years. This is crucial for India because some 26 million children are born every year in India; according to the 2011 Census, the share of children aged 0-6 years stood at 13% of the population.

Crucial to meeting this goal is reducing the child diarrhoeal deaths. One 2015 study suggested that diarrhoea accounts for about 3 lakh infant deaths every year in India – which is 13% of the total under-5 mortality.

We have achieved some remarkable results over the past decades on this count, with death rates, infant mortality rates (IMR) and under-5 mortality rates witnessing substantial reductions. As per estimates generated by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation in 2021, the median IMR has dropped from 181.45 in 1953 to 27.01 in 2020. Similarly, under-5 child Mortality rates have gone down from 271.90 in 1953 to 32.63 per 1000 live births in 2020.

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