Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Context
trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);
}
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 73, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'printArticle', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 88, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 73, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221/print' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221/print' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Context
trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);
}
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 74, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'printArticle', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 88, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 74, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221/print' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221/print' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]Code Contextif (Configure::read('debug')) {
trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);
} else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) { 'status' => (int) 200, 'contentType' => 'text/html', 'headers' => [ 'Content-Type' => [ [maximum depth reached] ] ], 'file' => null, 'fileRange' => [], 'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {}, 'cacheDirectives' => [], 'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">> </span></span></code> <span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"> <link rel="canonical" href="<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>/<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>.html"/> </span></code></span> <code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type" </span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/> </span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 2141, 'title' => 'Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> &nbsp; <br /> It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /> </font> </p> ', 'credit_writer' => 'Down to Earth, June, 2010, http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20100615&filename=news&sec_id=4&sid=4', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 2221, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 2141, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'metaKeywords' => 'Agriculture', 'metaDesc' => ' Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices...', 'disp' => '<p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br />&nbsp; <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /></font></p>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 2141, 'title' => 'Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> &nbsp; <br /> It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /> </font> </p> ', 'credit_writer' => 'Down to Earth, June, 2010, http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20100615&filename=news&sec_id=4&sid=4', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 2221, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 2141 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood' $metaKeywords = 'Agriculture' $metaDesc = ' Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices...' $disp = '<p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br />&nbsp; <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /></font></p>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221.html"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"/> <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood | Im4change.org</title> <meta name="description" content=" Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices..."/> <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem var pic_real_width, pic_real_height; $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues .attr("src", $(img).attr("src")) .load(function () { pic_real_width = this.width; // Note: $(this).width() will not pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images. }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen { div.divFooter { display: block; } } @media print { .printbutton { display: none !important; } } </style> </head> <body> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center"> <tr> <td class="top_bg"> <div class="divFooter"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0" alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="topspace"> </td> </tr> <tr id="topspace"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%"> <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal"> <strong>Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood</strong></h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3"> <p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments’ authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see ‘Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy’, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers’ interests—the states account for over 70 per cent of India’s cotton production as per India’s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies’ price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty—since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government’s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. “Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,” said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade. <br /></font></p> </font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> </table></body> </html>' } $maxBufferLength = (int) 8192 $file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php' $line = (int) 853 $message = 'Unable to emit headers. 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'' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">> </span></span></code> <span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"> <link rel="canonical" href="<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>/<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>.html"/> </span></code></span> <code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type" </span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/> </span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 2141, 'title' => 'Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> &nbsp; <br /> It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /> </font> </p> ', 'credit_writer' => 'Down to Earth, June, 2010, http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20100615&filename=news&sec_id=4&sid=4', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 2221, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 2141, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'metaKeywords' => 'Agriculture', 'metaDesc' => ' Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices...', 'disp' => '<p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br />&nbsp; <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /></font></p>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 2141, 'title' => 'Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> &nbsp; <br /> It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /> </font> </p> ', 'credit_writer' => 'Down to Earth, June, 2010, http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20100615&filename=news&sec_id=4&sid=4', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 2221, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 2141 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood' $metaKeywords = 'Agriculture' $metaDesc = ' Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices...' $disp = '<p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br />&nbsp; <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /></font></p>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221.html"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"/> <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood | Im4change.org</title> <meta name="description" content=" Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices..."/> <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem var pic_real_width, pic_real_height; $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues .attr("src", $(img).attr("src")) .load(function () { pic_real_width = this.width; // Note: $(this).width() will not pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images. }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen { div.divFooter { display: block; } } @media print { .printbutton { display: none !important; } } </style> </head> <body> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center"> <tr> <td class="top_bg"> <div class="divFooter"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0" alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="topspace"> </td> </tr> <tr id="topspace"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%"> <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal"> <strong>Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood</strong></h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3"> <p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments’ authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see ‘Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy’, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers’ interests—the states account for over 70 per cent of India’s cotton production as per India’s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies’ price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty—since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government’s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. “Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,” said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade. <br /></font></p> </font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> </table></body> </html>' } $reasonPhrase = 'OK'header - [internal], line ?? 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'' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">> </span></span></code> <span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"> <link rel="canonical" href="<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>/<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>.html"/> </span></code></span> <code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type" </span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/> </span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr681cdcc109f6e-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 2141, 'title' => 'Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> &nbsp; <br /> It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /> </font> </p> ', 'credit_writer' => 'Down to Earth, June, 2010, http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20100615&filename=news&sec_id=4&sid=4', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 2221, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 2141, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'metaKeywords' => 'Agriculture', 'metaDesc' => ' Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices...', 'disp' => '<p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br />&nbsp; <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /></font></p>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 2141, 'title' => 'Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> &nbsp; <br /> It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /> </font> </p> ', 'credit_writer' => 'Down to Earth, June, 2010, http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20100615&filename=news&sec_id=4&sid=4', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 2221, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 2141 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood' $metaKeywords = 'Agriculture' $metaDesc = ' Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices...' $disp = '<p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments&rsquo; authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br />&nbsp; <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see &lsquo;Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy&rsquo;, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers&rsquo; interests&mdash;the states account for over 70 per cent of India&rsquo;s cotton production as per India&rsquo;s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies&rsquo; price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty&mdash;since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government&rsquo;s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. &ldquo;Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,&rdquo; said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade.&nbsp; <br /></font></p>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221.html"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"/> <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood | Im4change.org</title> <meta name="description" content=" Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices..."/> <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem var pic_real_width, pic_real_height; $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues .attr("src", $(img).attr("src")) .load(function () { pic_real_width = this.width; // Note: $(this).width() will not pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images. }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen { div.divFooter { display: block; } } @media print { .printbutton { display: none !important; } } </style> </head> <body> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center"> <tr> <td class="top_bg"> <div class="divFooter"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0" alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="topspace"> </td> </tr> <tr id="topspace"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%"> <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal"> <strong>Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood</strong></h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3"> <p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments’ authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see ‘Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy’, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers’ interests—the states account for over 70 per cent of India’s cotton production as per India’s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies’ price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty—since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government’s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. “Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,” said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade. <br /></font></p> </font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> </table></body> </html>' } $cookies = [] $values = [ (int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8' ] $name = 'Content-Type' $first = true $value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'header - [internal], line ?? 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$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 2141, 'title' => 'Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association questioned the state governments’ authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> <br /> It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see ‘Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy’, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The three states say they need to defend the farmers’ interests—the states account for over 70 per cent of India’s cotton production as per India’s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies’ price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty—since 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government’s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. “Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,” said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade. <br /> </font> </p> ', 'credit_writer' => 'Down to Earth, June, 2010, http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20100615&filename=news&sec_id=4&sid=4', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 2221, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 2141, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'metaKeywords' => 'Agriculture', 'metaDesc' => ' Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices...', 'disp' => '<p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments’ authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see ‘Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy’, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers’ interests—the states account for over 70 per cent of India’s cotton production as per India’s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies’ price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty—since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government’s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. “Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,” said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade. <br /></font></p>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 2141, 'title' => 'Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association questioned the state governments’ authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> <br /> It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see ‘Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy’, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The three states say they need to defend the farmers’ interests—the states account for over 70 per cent of India’s cotton production as per India’s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies’ price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty—since 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government’s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. “Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,” said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font> </p> <p align="justify"> <font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade. <br /> </font> </p> ', 'credit_writer' => 'Down to Earth, June, 2010, http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20100615&filename=news&sec_id=4&sid=4', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'divided-over-royalty-by-jyotika-sood-2221', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 2221, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 2141 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood' $metaKeywords = 'Agriculture' $metaDesc = ' Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices...' $disp = '<p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association questioned the state governments’ authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector.<br /> <br />It says only the Union government can set the prices. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see ‘Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy’, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The three states say they need to defend the farmers’ interests—the states account for over 70 per cent of India’s cotton production as per India’s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies’ price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty—since 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government’s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. “Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,” said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Cannot cope with input costs </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade. <br /></font></p>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'
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Divided over royalty by Jyotika Sood |
Three state governments are waging a legal battle against the seed industry over prices of Bt cotton seeds. Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra have cases running in the state courts with the National Seeds Association of India for fixing prices of Bt cotton seeds. The association questioned the state governments’ authority in fixing prices, saying it would hamper seed research in the private sector. In 2006 Andhra Pradesh set the ball rolling by fixing its own price of Rs 750 for a 450 gramme packet of Bt cotton seeds. The prevailing rate of seeds then was Rs 1,800 (see ‘Monsanto at the receiving end of Bt cotton pricing policy’, Down To Earth, July 15, 2006). Gujarat and Maharashtra followed Andhra Pradesh in 2008 and 2009. The three states say they need to defend the farmers’ interests—the states account for over 70 per cent of India’s cotton production as per India’s Cotton Advisory Board. An official in the Andhra Pradesh agriculture department said the state was forced to fix a price because the private seed companies’ price for Bt cotton was unaffordable. Why are Bt cotton seeds expensive? The bone of contention is a royalty price for the patented Bt genetic sequence. The companies charge a royalty of about Rs 150 on a packet of 450 gramm-es of Bt cotton seeds, said G V Raman-janeyulu, executive director of the non-profit Centre for Sustainable Agricult-ure in Hyderabad. In several countries, royalty is within 10 per cent of the wholesale price of goods, he said. Seed companies in India usually charge more than 20 per cent as royalty—since 2002. Ramanjaneyulu supported the Andhra government’s decision to fix royalty charge of Bollgard I at Rs 50 and Bollgard II at Rs 90, saying it reduced the price of the seed for the farmer significantly. Bollgard is the trademark under which Bt cottonseeds were introduced in 2002. Companies argue seed prices constitute merely 7-9 per cent of the cost of cultivation of cotton in India. “Today, five million cotton farmers in India choose from over 300 hybrid seed varieties from more than 30 competing seed companies, plus non-Bt cotton seed varieties,” said Uday Singh, president of the seeds association. The income of cotton growing farmers has increased because of higher yields from better hybrid seeds and increased support prices by the government, he said. The association also claimed their products led to savings of Rs 2,250 per acre from reduced pesticide usage, and that Bt cotton farmers were earning an additional Rs 8,669 per acre. They referred to research by the Indian Market Research Bureau in 2007. Its study concluded that hybrid cotton farmers earned 64 per cent higher income (Rs 8,669) per acre than conventional seed farmers and 67 per cent of them repaid their long-pending debts. The seed companies said their profit margins were decreasing because of high input costs. Cannot cope with input costs Companies say their prices reflect several costs they incur: seed processing, chemical treatment, packaging, quality assurance, transportation, insurance and the royalty (see table). The cost of labour has doubled in Andhra Pradesh over the past three years, said Singh. Besides, prices of most seeds like paddy and sorghum increased 41 to 120 per cent between 2006 and 2009, while the prices of cotton hybrid seeds decreased 13 to 43 per cent, said Singh, pointing to the drop in price of Bt cotton seeds from Rs 1,600 in 2002 to the current Rs 650. Continuing price controls would be detrimental to food security, farm productivity and farmer incomes,he said. Ramanjaneyulu did not buy these arguments, saying cotton prices paid to the farmers are still very low. Prices at which farmers sell cotton may have increased marginally, but farmers have not made much profit from cotton over the past decade. |