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Drought forces change in region's cropping choices -Prasad Joshi

-The Times of India

Aurangabad: A drastic shift in the cropping pattern in Marathwada over the past three decades has further exacerbated the drought situation in the region, a study has shown.

The region has faced many as 12 moderate to severe droughts and 21 mild droughts in the last 55 years. Since the 1980s, the farmers in the region have opted out of cultivating sorghum (jowar), pearl millet (bajra) and oilseeds and preferred cotton, sugarcane and soybean farming.

This change has improved the gross returns per hectare and economic status of the farmers, but has also increased the demand for water, the study conducted by B Venkateswarlu, vice-chancellor of Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University, has revealed.

Highlighting that around 87% of agriculture in Marathwada is primarily rain-fed, the study stresses that the success of agriculture in the region depends on how efficiently available water is managed, both from rainfall and groundwater sources.

"The gigantic change in cropping pattern in Marathwada over a period of last three decades is unheard of even at international level. Considering the availability of water in this drought-prone region, there is a need to evolve ideal cropping pattern," Venkateswarlu said.

The eight districts of Marathwada - Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani, Nanded, Latur, Beed, Osmanabad and Hingoli - has witnessed increase in cultivation of cotton, sugarcane and soybean while decline in sorghum (Jowar), pearl millet (Bajra) and some oilseed crops. The study also observes that horticulture area in Marathwada has increased considerably in all districts.

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