Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67fcc0131d028-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67fcc0131d028-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67fcc0131d028-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67fcc0131d028-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67fcc0131d028-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67fcc0131d028-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67fcc0131d028-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67fcc0131d028-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
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-Society for Labour and Development
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&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. 
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family&#039;s financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. 
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.
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-Society for Labour and Development



The key findings of the report entitled Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach (2014) is provided below:


1....&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Society for Labour and Development&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family&#039;s financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot; title=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:
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1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. 
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2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.
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3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.
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4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.
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&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.
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The key findings of the report entitled Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach (2014) is provided below:


1....&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Society for Labour and Development&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family&#039;s financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot; title=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
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-Society for Labour and Development



The key findings of the report entitled Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach (2014) is provided below:


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                <strong>Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon</strong></h1>
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        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div align="justify">-Society for Labour and Development</div><p align="justify"><br />The key findings of the report entitled <em>Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach</em> (2014) is provided below:</p><p align="justify">1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon's export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. </p><p align="justify">2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.</p><p align="justify">3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker's income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.</p><p align="justify">4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.</p><p align="justify">5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family's financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. </p><p align="justify"><br />The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.</p><p align="justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report">click here</a> to download the entire report.</p>               </font>
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-Society for Labour and Development
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&lt;br /&gt;
The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:
&lt;/p&gt;
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1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. 
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2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.
&lt;/p&gt;
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3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.
&lt;/p&gt;
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5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family&#039;s financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. 
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.
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Please &lt;a href=&quot;tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.
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The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:
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1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. 
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2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.
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&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.
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4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.
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&lt;br /&gt;
The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.
&lt;/p&gt;
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Please &lt;a href=&quot;tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.
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1....&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Society for Labour and Development&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family&#039;s financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot; title=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
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-Society for Labour and Development



The key findings of the report entitled Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach (2014) is provided below:


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                <strong>Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-Society for Labour and Development</div><p align="justify"><br />The key findings of the report entitled <em>Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach</em> (2014) is provided below:</p><p align="justify">1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon's export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. </p><p align="justify">2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.</p><p align="justify">3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker's income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.</p><p align="justify">4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.</p><p align="justify">5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family's financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. </p><p align="justify"><br />The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.</p><p align="justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report">click here</a> to download the entire report.</p>               </font>
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-Society for Labour and Development
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&lt;br /&gt;
The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:
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1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. 
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2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.
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3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.
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4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.
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5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family&#039;s financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. 
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.
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Please &lt;a href=&quot;tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.
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-Society for Labour and Development



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	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Society for Labour and Development&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family&#039;s financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot; title=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:
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1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. 
&lt;/p&gt;
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2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.
&lt;/p&gt;
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3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.
&lt;/p&gt;
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4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.
&lt;/p&gt;
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5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family&#039;s financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. 
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.
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Please &lt;a href=&quot;tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.
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-Society for Labour and Development



The key findings of the report entitled Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach (2014) is provided below:


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$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Society for Labour and Development&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The key findings of the report entitled &lt;em&gt;Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach&lt;/em&gt; (2014) is provided below:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon&#039;s export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker&#039;s income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family&#039;s financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot; title=&quot;https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf&quot; title=&quot;Migration Gurgaon Report&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to download the entire report.&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
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-Society for Labour and Development



The key findings of the report entitled Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach (2014) is provided below:


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                <strong>Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-Society for Labour and Development</div><p align="justify"><br />The key findings of the report entitled <em>Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach</em> (2014) is provided below:</p><p align="justify">1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon's export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. </p><p align="justify">2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.</p><p align="justify">3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker's income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.</p><p align="justify">4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.</p><p align="justify">5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family's financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. </p><p align="justify"><br />The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.</p><p align="justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report">click here</a> to download the entire report.</p>               </font>
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-Society for Labour and Development
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<p align="justify">
<br />
The key findings of the report entitled <em>Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach</em> (2014) is provided below:
</p>
<p align="justify">
1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon's export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. 
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2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.
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<p align="justify">
3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker's income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.
</p>
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4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.
</p>
<p align="justify">
5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family's financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. 
</p>
<p align="justify">
<br />
The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.
</p>
<p align="justify">
Please <a href="tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report">click here</a> to download the entire report.
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-Society for Labour and Development
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<p align="justify">
<br />
The key findings of the report entitled <em>Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach</em> (2014) is provided below:
</p>
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1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon's export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. 
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2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.
</p>
<p align="justify">
3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker's income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.
</p>
<p align="justify">
4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.
</p>
<p align="justify">
5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family's financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. 
</p>
<p align="justify">
<br />
The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.
</p>
<p align="justify">
Please <a href="tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report">click here</a> to download the entire report.
</p>',
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$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon'
$metaKeywords = 'Migrant Workers,Migrant Labourers,migrant labour,Migration,Labour Rights'
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-Society for Labour and Development



The key findings of the report entitled Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach (2014) is provided below:


1....'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-Society for Labour and Development</div><p align="justify"><br />The key findings of the report entitled <em>Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach</em> (2014) is provided below:</p><p align="justify">1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon's export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. </p><p align="justify">2.  Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village.</p><p align="justify">3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker's income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month.</p><p align="justify">4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income.</p><p align="justify">5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family's financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. </p><p align="justify"><br />The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia.</p><p align="justify">Please <a href="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report" title="https://im4change.in/siteadmin/tinymce/uploaded/Migration_Gurgaon_Report.pdf" title="Migration Gurgaon Report">click here</a> to download the entire report.</p>'
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Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon

-Society for Labour and Development The key findings of the report entitled Exploring Rural-Urban Dynamics- A Study of Inter-State Migrants in Gurgaon: Researching Labour and Migration between Home and Destination States and Developing a Holistic Rural-Urban Approach (2014) is provided below: 1. Overwhelming majority of the inter-state migrants in Gurgaon are men in the age group of 18 to 40 years. While garment industry elsewhere has majority of female workers, Gurgaon's export-oriented garment industry is dominated by migrant men from U.P., Bihar and Jharkhand. 2. Most of these workers migrate alone from the rural area. Their reason of not bringing the spouses or other family members to Gurgaon are mainly two-folds: high cost of living and low wages in Gurgaon and to keep a claim on a piece of family land in a native village. 3. Family of a worker in a village earns even less than worker's income in Gurgaon. Most of the workers in Gurgaon earn between Rs. 5000 to 7000 per month while most of the families of the workers in the villages earn less than Rs. 5000 per month. 4. The migrant workers are invisible for the administration hence they do not figure in the town and city development planning. They neither possess voting id cards nor bank accounts in Gurgaon as they can not gather the documents required to get these basic identity proofs. Due to temporary and contractual nature of their job, migrants do not want to surrender their ration card in a village to acquire a new ration card in Gurgaon. As a result, they are not entitled to be covered under social welfare schemes in Gurgaon while they do not receive benefits of social security schemes in their village due to their physical absence. Almost all the migrant workers in Gurgaon use LPG as a cooking fuel which they have to buy in a black market at a price of Rs. 1450 per cylinder. This consumes up to 20% of their monthly income. 5. Migration has emerged as a strategy of survival for most of the families in rural areas. Migration of a family member is not resulting into improvement of family's financial conditions; however, it is helping them in not further slipping into poverty trap. Majority of the migrants send remittances home, albeit irregularly. Most of them annually send about Rs. 10000 to Rs. 15000 home through bank transfers. The report has been prepared by a team of researchers from Society for Labour and Development, and the project has been supported by Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, South Asia. Please click here to download the entire report.