Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. 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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. 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It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it..."/>
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                <strong>Exploring with responsibility-Vijay Kumar AA</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br />Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.<br /><br />The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.<br /><br />There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.<br /><br />It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.<br /><br />Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &ldquo;technology metals&rdquo; or &ldquo;energy critical metals&rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.<br /><br />For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &ldquo;mining&rdquo; or &ldquo;no mining&rdquo;. They must consider the &ldquo;opportunity cost&rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.<br /><br />The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.<br /><br /><em>The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary </em><br /></div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it..."/>
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                <strong>Exploring with responsibility-Vijay Kumar AA</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br />Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.<br /><br />The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.<br /><br />There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.<br /><br />It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.<br /><br />Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &ldquo;technology metals&rdquo; or &ldquo;energy critical metals&rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.<br /><br />For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &ldquo;mining&rdquo; or &ldquo;no mining&rdquo;. They must consider the &ldquo;opportunity cost&rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.<br /><br />The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.<br /><br /><em>The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary </em><br /></div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. 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It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &amp;ldquo;technology metals&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;energy critical metals&amp;rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &amp;ldquo;mining&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;no mining&amp;rdquo;. They must consider the &amp;ldquo;opportunity cost&amp;rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &amp;mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary &lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it..."/>
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                <strong>Exploring with responsibility-Vijay Kumar AA</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br />Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.<br /><br />The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.<br /><br />There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.<br /><br />It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.<br /><br />Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &ldquo;technology metals&rdquo; or &ldquo;energy critical metals&rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.<br /><br />For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &ldquo;mining&rdquo; or &ldquo;no mining&rdquo;. They must consider the &ldquo;opportunity cost&rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.<br /><br />The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.<br /><br /><em>The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary </em><br /></div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.<br />
<br />
The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.<br />
<br />
There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.<br />
<br />
It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.<br />
<br />
Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &ldquo;technology metals&rdquo; or &ldquo;energy critical metals&rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.<br />
<br />
For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &ldquo;mining&rdquo; or &ldquo;no mining&rdquo;. They must consider the &ldquo;opportunity cost&rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.<br />
<br />
The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.<br />
<br />
<em>The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary </em><br />
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it...',
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The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.<br /><br />There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.<br /><br />It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.<br /><br />Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &ldquo;technology metals&rdquo; or &ldquo;energy critical metals&rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.<br /><br />For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &ldquo;mining&rdquo; or &ldquo;no mining&rdquo;. They must consider the &ldquo;opportunity cost&rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.<br /><br />The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. 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-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.<br />
<br />
The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.<br />
<br />
There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.<br />
<br />
It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.<br />
<br />
Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &ldquo;technology metals&rdquo; or &ldquo;energy critical metals&rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.<br />
<br />
For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &ldquo;mining&rdquo; or &ldquo;no mining&rdquo;. They must consider the &ldquo;opportunity cost&rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.<br />
<br />
The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.<br />
<br />
<em>The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary </em><br />
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-The Indian Express

Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br />Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure.<br /><br />The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance.<br /><br />There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond.<br /><br />It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&amp;D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite.<br /><br />Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called &ldquo;technology metals&rdquo; or &ldquo;energy critical metals&rdquo;, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&amp;D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do.<br /><br />For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of &ldquo;mining&rdquo; or &ldquo;no mining&rdquo;. They must consider the &ldquo;opportunity cost&rdquo; in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed &mdash; taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns.<br /><br />The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour.<br /><br /><em>The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary </em><br /></div>'
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Exploring with responsibility-Vijay Kumar AA

-The Indian Express Mining in India has come a long way in the last 50 years or so. From the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1957 to the National Mineral Policy (NMP) of 1993, and now to the NMP of 2008, it has shown a progressive shift towards bringing the private sector into exploration, mining and downstream value addition. However, the regulatory systems perhaps never managed to keep pace with developments on the ground. Many of our current problems with illegal mining, as well as environmental and social concerns, stem from this failure. The NMP 2008 diagnosed some of the problems and has provided a sound base for a new legislative framework to incentivise private sector exploration and mining. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Bill of 2011, seeks to reflect not only the NMP 2008 but also current concerns regarding environmental and social issues, and the larger intention of the bill is to facilitate exploration by the private sector while getting better value through bidding for known mineral deposits. The bill provides for the setting up of a mining tribunal and a regulatory authority, which is likely to reduce arbitrariness and improve regulatory compliance. There is near unanimity in civil society and legal fora on the need to improve mining practices to reduce waste and control environmental degradation. Sadly, there is not enough debate to make the point that general exploration as a venture and some mining as an economic activity is essential for raw materials security and in the national interest. It goes without saying that the progress of human civilisation is in many ways the progress of mining, metal-making and energy production technologies, as we moved from the copper age to the bronze age and the iron age and beyond. It is a little shocking, therefore, that we are still to wake up to the importance and urgency of our raw materials security in terms of ferrous and non-ferrous metals (including titanium, chromium, cobalt and nickel), base metals (such as copper, lead, tin and zinc), technology metals (molybdenum, tellurium, selenium, rhenium, vanadium, germanium, cadmium, scandium) and energy critical metals (lithium, iridium, gallium, indium) and rare earths (neodymium, dysprosium, europium, yttrium, terbium, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, gadolinium), not to speak of energy minerals such as coal. There is as yet hardly any venture capital investment in exploration at greater depths or even in process R&D to beneficiate low grades or to recover important metals as co-products and by-products from our current mining activities. We raise concerns about the finiteness of our resources, yet we are not doing enough to explore deeper or use relatively abundant lower grade and inferior ores. Many critical resources are now required for new technologies which can give us the competitive edge, yet we are blissfully unaware that there is life beyond limestone, iron ore and bauxite. Today, a typical smartphone includes up to 60 of the 92 elements of the periodic table; computer chips which contain 15 or 18 elements today may have up to 30 elements in future. Photovoltaic thin films, permanent magnets, wind turbines, lasers, catalytic converters, energy storage units and other devices with crucial applications in civil, military, space, communications, medical and energy-related uses need so-called “technology metals” or “energy critical metals”, including the rare earths. National interest requires that we explore for such metals. In case we find economically extractable deposits, we need to develop R&D processes to extract them and fashion the technologies to use them. If not, we will be at the mercy, sooner or later, of those who do. For a large part, it is for the mining and related industries to alert policymakers and others to the dangers we face in terms of raw materials security. It is for strategic thinkers to conceptualise these concerns in terms of our national interest and help lift the debate beyond the simplistic binary choice of “mining” or “no mining”. They must consider the “opportunity cost” in terms of national interest of not exploring for a strategically or techno-economically important resource, and enable informed decisions on whether or not mining should be allowed — taking into account a framework of sustainability based on social and environmental concerns. The new MMDR bill provides a new opportunity to widen the debate by underlining that it is possible to devise a framework that ensures these activities are done in as environmentally and socially responsible a manner possible. It also emphasises critical issues related to regulatory enforcement. At present, some features of the bill are regarded by the exploration and mining industry as restrictive, even disincentivising, in character. But these may, in fact, be the redeeming features of this new approach to mining. Enabling and enforcing socially and environmentally responsible mining is the need of the hour. The writer, currently secretary at the Ministry of Rural Development, is also the former mining secretary