Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

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-Livemint.com&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hyderabad: &lt;/em&gt;The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&amp;rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&amp;rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&amp;rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&amp;rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&amp;mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &amp;ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&amp;rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.
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&lt;em&gt;A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hyderabad: &lt;/em&gt;The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&amp;rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&amp;rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&amp;rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&amp;rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&amp;mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &amp;ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&amp;rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.
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                <div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization <br /><br />Hyderabad: </em>The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.<br /><br />The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.<br /><br />&ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.<br /><br />&ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.<br /><br />Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.<br /><br />The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.<br /><br />A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.</div>               </font>
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</span></span></code>
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&lt;em&gt;A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hyderabad: &lt;/em&gt;The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&amp;rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&amp;rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&amp;rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&amp;rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&amp;mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &amp;ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&amp;rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.
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&lt;em&gt;A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&amp;rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&amp;rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&amp;rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&amp;rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&amp;mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &amp;ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&amp;rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization 

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                <strong>Extreme rainfall not because of global factors: study -Trushna Udgirkar</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization <br /><br />Hyderabad: </em>The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.<br /><br />The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.<br /><br />&ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.<br /><br />&ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.<br /><br />Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.<br /><br />The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.<br /><br />A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.</div>               </font>
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-Livemint.com&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hyderabad: &lt;/em&gt;The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&amp;rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&amp;rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&amp;rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&amp;rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&amp;mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &amp;ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&amp;rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.
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&lt;em&gt;A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization &lt;br /&gt;
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Hyderabad: &lt;/em&gt;The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&amp;rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&amp;rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&amp;rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&amp;mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization 

Hyderabad: The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-Livemint.com&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hyderabad: &lt;/em&gt;The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&amp;rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&amp;rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&amp;rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&amp;rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&amp;mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &amp;ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&amp;rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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                <strong>Extreme rainfall not because of global factors: study -Trushna Udgirkar</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization <br /><br />Hyderabad: </em>The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.<br /><br />The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.<br /><br />&ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.<br /><br />&ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.<br /><br />Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.<br /><br />The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.<br /><br />A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.</div>               </font>
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-Livemint.com<br />
<br />
<em>A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization <br />
<br />
Hyderabad: </em>The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.<br />
<br />
The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.<br />
<br />
Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.<br />
<br />
The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.<br />
<br />
A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.
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<br />
<em>A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization <br />
<br />
Hyderabad: </em>The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization.<br />
<br />
The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,&rdquo; said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;If El-Nino can affect one year&rsquo;s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,&rdquo; said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc&rsquo;s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering.<br />
<br />
Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters&mdash;intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced.<br />
<br />
The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. &ldquo;One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,&rdquo; said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai.<br />
<br />
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A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization 

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Extreme rainfall not because of global factors: study -Trushna Udgirkar

-Livemint.com A study reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization Hyderabad: The blame for extreme rainfall in India, a recurrent phenomenon in some cities, cannot be laid squarely on global warming and the El-Nino effect, perhaps. A study by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that such rainfall is influenced more by changes in conditions like local temperature and urbanization. The study was done by analyzing historically observed rainfall data, and land and sea surface temperatures for the period between 1969 and 2005 across 2,000 locations in the country. The researchers found that the intensity and the frequency of rainfall is highly influenced by changes in the local temperature. “Other global factors like the El-Nino Southern Oscillation and the global climate change do not influence as much as the local temperature,” said the study. The warming up of pacific waters is known as El-Nino Southern Oscillation. In fact studies also show that a strong El-Nino goes hand in hand with weak Indian monsoon, an indication of which was seen in 2015, when the rainfall was less than normal. “If El-Nino can affect one year’s rainfall, global climate change can influence the very seasonality of the rainfall. Interestingly, when it comes to intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall, local conditions have a stronger influence than the other two global factors,” said Arpita Mondal, who conducted the study as a research scholar at IISc’s Divecha Centre for Climate Change under the guidance of Pradeep Mujumdar, professor, Department of Civil Engineering. Extreme rainfall can be assessed by three parameters—intensity, frequency, and duration. The calculations from the data in the study showed that if the intensity and frequency factors were influenced by changes in local temperatures, the duration of extreme rainfall remained uninfluenced. The strong influence of changes in local temperature on extreme rainfall indicates that localized factors play a more significant role. “One example of such localized processes is urbanization. Further research needs to be carried out to categorically link changes in urbanization and other local processes to those in the extreme rainfall characteristics,” said Mondal, who is an assistant professor at IIT Mumbai. A rainfall is considered extreme if it crosses a high threshold and the frequency is about the number of extreme rainfall spells in the summer monsoon months of June, July, August and September. The duration of extreme rainfall is the number of consecutive days on which rainfall is recorded above the threshold.