Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Context
trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);
}
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 73, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'printArticle', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 88, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 73, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] cookies => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360/print' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360/print' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Context
trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);
}
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 74, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'printArticle', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 88, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 74, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] cookies => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360/print' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360/print' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]Code Contextif (Configure::read('debug')) {
trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);
} else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) { 'status' => (int) 200, 'contentType' => 'text/html', 'headers' => [ 'Content-Type' => [ [maximum depth reached] ] ], 'file' => null, 'fileRange' => [], 'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {}, 'cacheDirectives' => [], 'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67efc5babe096-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67efc5babe096-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">> </span></span></code> <span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"> <link rel="canonical" href="<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>/<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>.html"/> </span></code></span> <code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type" </span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/> </span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67efc5babe096-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 34256, 'title' => 'Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -The Financial Express<br /> <br /> The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /> <br /> Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /> <br /> Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /> <br /> Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /> <br /> Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /> <br /> Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /> <br /> Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /> <em><br /> Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /> <br /> Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /> <br /> This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /> <br /> Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div> <div align="justify"> &nbsp; </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'The Financial Express, 12 July, 2017, http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/7596', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4682360, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 34256, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'metaKeywords' => 'Agricultural Production,Agricultural Productivity,Agricultural Profitability,Farmers' agitation,Farmers' Income,rural distress', 'metaDesc' => ' -The Financial Express The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have...', 'disp' => '<div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 34256, 'title' => 'Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -The Financial Express<br /> <br /> The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /> <br /> Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /> <br /> Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /> <br /> Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /> <br /> Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /> <br /> Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /> <br /> Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /> <em><br /> Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /> <br /> Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /> <br /> This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /> <br /> Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div> <div align="justify"> &nbsp; </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'The Financial Express, 12 July, 2017, http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/7596', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4682360, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 34256 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari' $metaKeywords = 'Agricultural Production,Agricultural Productivity,Agricultural Profitability,Farmers' agitation,Farmers' Income,rural distress' $metaDesc = ' -The Financial Express The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have...' $disp = '<div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360.html"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"/> <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari | Im4change.org</title> <meta name="description" content=" -The Financial Express The state of India’s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have..."/> <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem var pic_real_width, pic_real_height; $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues .attr("src", $(img).attr("src")) .load(function () { pic_real_width = this.width; // Note: $(this).width() will not pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images. }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen { div.divFooter { display: block; } } @media print { .printbutton { display: none !important; } } </style> </head> <body> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center"> <tr> <td class="top_bg"> <div class="divFooter"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0" alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="topspace"> </td> </tr> <tr id="topspace"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%"> <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal"> <strong>Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari</strong></h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3"> <div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India’s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India’s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the ‘cobweb theory’, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices—given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, ‘landless’ and ‘landed’, helps solve the rural distress puzzle—landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify"> </div> </font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> </table></body> </html>' } $maxBufferLength = (int) 8192 $file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php' $line = (int) 853 $message = 'Unable to emit headers. 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'' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67efc5babe096-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">> </span></span></code> <span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"> <link rel="canonical" href="<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>/<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>.html"/> </span></code></span> <code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type" </span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/> </span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67efc5babe096-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 34256, 'title' => 'Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -The Financial Express<br /> <br /> The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /> <br /> Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /> <br /> Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /> <br /> Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /> <br /> Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /> <br /> Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /> <br /> Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /> <em><br /> Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /> <br /> Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /> <br /> This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /> <br /> Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div> <div align="justify"> &nbsp; </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'The Financial Express, 12 July, 2017, http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/7596', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4682360, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 34256, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'metaKeywords' => 'Agricultural Production,Agricultural Productivity,Agricultural Profitability,Farmers' agitation,Farmers' Income,rural distress', 'metaDesc' => ' -The Financial Express The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have...', 'disp' => '<div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 34256, 'title' => 'Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -The Financial Express<br /> <br /> The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. 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Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /> <br /> Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /> <br /> Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /> <br /> Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /> <br /> Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /> <br /> Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /> <br /> Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /> <em><br /> Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /> <br /> Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /> <br /> This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /> <br /> Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div> <div align="justify"> &nbsp; </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'The Financial Express, 12 July, 2017, http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/7596', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4682360, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 34256 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari' $metaKeywords = 'Agricultural Production,Agricultural Productivity,Agricultural Profitability,Farmers' agitation,Farmers' Income,rural distress' $metaDesc = ' -The Financial Express The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have...' $disp = '<div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360.html"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"/> <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari | Im4change.org</title> <meta name="description" content=" -The Financial Express The state of India’s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have..."/> <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem var pic_real_width, pic_real_height; $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues .attr("src", $(img).attr("src")) .load(function () { pic_real_width = this.width; // Note: $(this).width() will not pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images. }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen { div.divFooter { display: block; } } @media print { .printbutton { display: none !important; } } </style> </head> <body> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center"> <tr> <td class="top_bg"> <div class="divFooter"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0" alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="topspace"> </td> </tr> <tr id="topspace"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%"> <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal"> <strong>Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari</strong></h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3"> <div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India’s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India’s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the ‘cobweb theory’, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices—given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, ‘landless’ and ‘landed’, helps solve the rural distress puzzle—landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify"> </div> </font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> </table></body> </html>' } $reasonPhrase = 'OK'header - [internal], line ?? 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$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) { 'status' => (int) 200, 'contentType' => 'text/html', 'headers' => [ 'Content-Type' => [ [maximum depth reached] ] ], 'file' => null, 'fileRange' => [], 'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {}, 'cacheDirectives' => [], 'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67efc5babe096-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67efc5babe096-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67efc5babe096-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">> </span></span></code> <span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"> <link rel="canonical" href="<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>/<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>.html"/> </span></code></span> <code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type" </span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/> </span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67efc5babe096-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 34256, 'title' => 'Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -The Financial Express<br /> <br /> The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /> <br /> Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /> <br /> Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /> <br /> Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /> <br /> Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /> <br /> Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /> <br /> Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /> <em><br /> Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /> <br /> Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /> <br /> This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /> <br /> Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div> <div align="justify"> &nbsp; </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'The Financial Express, 12 July, 2017, http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/7596', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4682360, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 34256, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'metaKeywords' => 'Agricultural Production,Agricultural Productivity,Agricultural Profitability,Farmers' agitation,Farmers' Income,rural distress', 'metaDesc' => ' -The Financial Express The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have...', 'disp' => '<div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 34256, 'title' => 'Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -The Financial Express<br /> <br /> The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. 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Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /> <br /> Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /> <br /> Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /> <br /> Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /> <br /> Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /> <br /> Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /> <br /> Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /> <em><br /> Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /> <br /> Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /> <br /> This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /> <br /> Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div> <div align="justify"> &nbsp; </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'The Financial Express, 12 July, 2017, http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/7596', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4682360, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 34256 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari' $metaKeywords = 'Agricultural Production,Agricultural Productivity,Agricultural Profitability,Farmers' agitation,Farmers' Income,rural distress' $metaDesc = ' -The Financial Express The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have...' $disp = '<div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India&rsquo;s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India&rsquo;s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the &lsquo;cobweb theory&rsquo;, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices&mdash;given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, &lsquo;landless&rsquo; and &lsquo;landed&rsquo;, helps solve the rural distress puzzle&mdash;landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle-pranjul-bhandari-4682360.html"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"/> <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari | Im4change.org</title> <meta name="description" content=" -The Financial Express The state of India’s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have..."/> <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem var pic_real_width, pic_real_height; $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues .attr("src", $(img).attr("src")) .load(function () { pic_real_width = this.width; // Note: $(this).width() will not pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images. }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen { div.divFooter { display: block; } } @media print { .printbutton { display: none !important; } } </style> </head> <body> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center"> <tr> <td class="top_bg"> <div class="divFooter"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0" alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="topspace"> </td> </tr> <tr id="topspace"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%"> <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal"> <strong>Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari</strong></h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3"> <div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India’s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India’s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the ‘cobweb theory’, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices—given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, ‘landless’ and ‘landed’, helps solve the rural distress puzzle—landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify"> </div> </font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> </table></body> </html>' } $cookies = [] $values = [ (int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8' ] $name = 'Content-Type' $first = true $value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'header - [internal], line ?? 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Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /> <br /> Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices—given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /> <em><br /> Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /> <br /> Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, ‘landless’ and ‘landed’, helps solve the rural distress puzzle—landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /> <br /> This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. 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Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India’s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the ‘cobweb theory’, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices—given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, ‘landless’ and ‘landed’, helps solve the rural distress puzzle—landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify"> </div>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 34256, 'title' => 'Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -The Financial Express<br /> <br /> The state of India’s rural economy is puzzling. 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There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have...' $disp = '<div align="justify">-The Financial Express<br /><br />The state of India’s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India’s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors.<br /><br />Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the ‘cobweb theory’, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production.<br /><br />Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales.<br /><br />Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks.<br /><br />Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years.<br /><br />Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped.<br /><br />Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices—given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years.<br /><em><br />Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle</em><br /><br />Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, ‘landless’ and ‘landed’, helps solve the rural distress puzzle—landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%.<br /><br />This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. <br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/" title="http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/farm-crisis-landless-may-be-better-off-but-landed-are-worse-off-here-is-what-you-should-know-of-rural-distress-puzzle/759627/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify"> </div>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'
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Farm crisis: Landless may be better off, but landed are worse off; here is what you should know of rural distress puzzle -Pranjul Bhandari |
-The Financial Express The state of India’s rural economy is puzzling. There is enough evidence to support both opposing statements: one, that the rural economy has improved, and two, that the rural economy is in the doldrums. Some macro indicators have improved, though. The rural unemployment rate has been falling, while rural wages have been rising, particularly on a real basis. Alongside, indicators such as two-wheeler sales and consumer non-durables production have ticked up recently. But, instances of rural distress and farmer suicides are rife. There is a wave of demand for farm loan waivers. Four Indian states have already announced waivers worth ~0.5% of national GDP. Four more are threatening to join the bandwagon, and if they do, waivers could go up to 0.75% of GDP, endangering hard won reduction in debt and deficit ratios (see: A study of India’s state finances: Balloons and rockets, March 30, 2017). Some of this distress is likely to have been triggered by the large fall in food prices and the consequent shifting of the terms-of-trade against rural India. The fall was led by the coming together of the following factors. Bumper crop: Normal rains in 2016 after two years of drought supported a bumper crop. Alongside the overall increase in food production, in line with the ‘cobweb theory’, those food items where prices had risen sharply in the previous season (for instance, pulses), saw the largest increase in production. Demonetisation: There is anecdotal evidence that demonetisation hurt the liquidity of food traders, resulting in fire sales. Early impact of GST: There is some anecdotal evidence that in the run up to GST (implemented from July 1), wholesale traders of food items have been rapidly running down their food stocks. Measured MSP increases: Excessive MSP increases distort food production and lead to higher inflation (see: India RBI Watch: Every drop counts, June 2, 2016). Thankfully, MSP increases have been kept measured over the last few years. Structural changes: The current government has undertaken several reforms such as more nimble selling/buying and importing/exporting food items. Clamping down on hoarders and allowing freer trade for perishables for certain states such as Maharashtra have also helped. Lower global prices: Global food prices are an important driver of domestic prices—given India has started to import/export food items more efficiently in recent years. Two distinct rural groups explain the puzzle Breaking down rural households into two distinct parts, ‘landless’ and ‘landed’, helps solve the rural distress puzzle—landless are those owning less than one hectare of land, and landed are those owning more than 1 hectare of land. The landless make up ~70% of rural households while the landed make up ~30%. This distinction also has three other important characteristics. One, the landless population has a negative income-consumption gap, which basically means that their income is hardly covers their consumption demand each period. On the other hand, the landed have a positive income-consumption gap. Please click here to read more. |