Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 73,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'catslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 73,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'catslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 74,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 74,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr6800a46262534-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr6800a46262534-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr6800a46262534-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 60405,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;ThePrint.in, 10 August, 2021, https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 60405,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;International Institute for Population Sciences,IIPS,Janani Suraksha Yojana,Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram,World Health Organisation,WHO&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care,...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot; title=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 60405,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;ThePrint.in, 10 August, 2021, https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 60405
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;International Institute for Population Sciences,IIPS,Janani Suraksha Yojana,Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram,World Health Organisation,WHO&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care,...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot; title=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care,..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <p style="text-align:justify">-ThePrint.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).</p><p style="text-align:justify">In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/" title="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$maxBufferLength = (int) 8192
$file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php'
$line = (int) 853
$message = 'Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853'
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148]
Code Context
            $response->getStatusCode(),

            ($reasonPhrase ? ' ' . $reasonPhrase : '')

        ));
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr6800a46262534-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr6800a46262534-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr6800a46262534-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 60405,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;ThePrint.in, 10 August, 2021, https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 60405,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;International Institute for Population Sciences,IIPS,Janani Suraksha Yojana,Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram,World Health Organisation,WHO&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care,...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot; title=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 60405,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;ThePrint.in, 10 August, 2021, https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 60405
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;International Institute for Population Sciences,IIPS,Janani Suraksha Yojana,Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram,World Health Organisation,WHO&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care,...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot; title=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care,..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <p style="text-align:justify">-ThePrint.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).</p><p style="text-align:justify">In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/" title="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$reasonPhrase = 'OK'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 54
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181]
Code Context
                    $value

                ), $first);

                $first = false;
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr6800a46262534-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6800a46262534-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr6800a46262534-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr6800a46262534-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 60405,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;ThePrint.in, 10 August, 2021, https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 60405,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;International Institute for Population Sciences,IIPS,Janani Suraksha Yojana,Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram,World Health Organisation,WHO&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care,...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot; title=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 60405,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;ThePrint.in, 10 August, 2021, https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 60405
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;International Institute for Population Sciences,IIPS,Janani Suraksha Yojana,Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram,World Health Organisation,WHO&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care,...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-ThePrint.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Maternal and child healthcare services in India &amp;ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &amp;ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &amp;ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot; title=&quot;https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care,..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <p style="text-align:justify">-ThePrint.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).</p><p style="text-align:justify">In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/" title="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$cookies = []
$values = [
	(int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
]
$name = 'Content-Type'
$first = true
$value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitHeaders() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 55
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

<head>

    <link rel="canonical" href="<?php echo Configure::read('SITE_URL'); ?><?php echo $urlPrefix;?><?php echo $article_current->category->slug; ?>/<?php echo $article_current->seo_url; ?>.html"/>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>

$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp'
$dataForView = [
	'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		'id' => (int) 60405,
		'title' => 'Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala',
		'subheading' => null,
		'description' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-ThePrint.in</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
',
		'credit_writer' => 'ThePrint.in, 10 August, 2021, https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/',
		'article_img' => '',
		'article_img_thumb' => '',
		'status' => (int) 1,
		'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
		'lang' => 'EN',
		'category_id' => (int) 16,
		'tag_keyword' => '',
		'seo_url' => 'financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala',
		'meta_title' => '',
		'meta_keywords' => '',
		'meta_description' => '',
		'noindex' => (int) 1,
		'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		'most_visit_section_id' => null,
		'article_big_img' => null,
		'liveid' => null,
		'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'edate' => '',
		'tags' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[hasErrors]' => false,
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'Articles'
	
	},
	'articleid' => (int) 60405,
	'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala',
	'metaKeywords' => 'International Institute for Population Sciences,IIPS,Janani Suraksha Yojana,Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram,World Health Organisation,WHO',
	'metaDesc' => '-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care,...',
	'disp' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-ThePrint.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).</p><p style="text-align:justify">In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/" title="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>',
	'lang' => 'English',
	'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/',
	'site_title' => 'im4change',
	'adminprix' => 'admin'
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	'id' => (int) 60405,
	'title' => 'Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala',
	'subheading' => null,
	'description' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-ThePrint.in</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
',
	'credit_writer' => 'ThePrint.in, 10 August, 2021, https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/',
	'article_img' => '',
	'article_img_thumb' => '',
	'status' => (int) 1,
	'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
	'lang' => 'EN',
	'category_id' => (int) 16,
	'tag_keyword' => '',
	'seo_url' => 'financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities-prem-shankar-mishra-and-ts-syamala',
	'meta_title' => '',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '',
	'noindex' => (int) 1,
	'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	'most_visit_section_id' => null,
	'article_big_img' => null,
	'liveid' => null,
	'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'edate' => '',
	'tags' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	'[new]' => false,
	'[accessible]' => [
		'*' => true,
		'id' => false
	],
	'[dirty]' => [],
	'[original]' => [],
	'[virtual]' => [],
	'[hasErrors]' => false,
	'[errors]' => [],
	'[invalid]' => [],
	'[repository]' => 'Articles'

}
$articleid = (int) 60405
$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala'
$metaKeywords = 'International Institute for Population Sciences,IIPS,Janani Suraksha Yojana,Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram,World Health Organisation,WHO'
$metaDesc = '-ThePrint.in

ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).

Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care,...'
$disp = '<p style="text-align:justify">-ThePrint.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330).</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Maternal and child healthcare services in India &ndash; including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare &ndash; are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015).</p><p style="text-align:justify">In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries &ndash; across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs).</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/" title="https://theprint.in/opinion/financial-burden-of-child-births-is-rising-in-india-even-in-free-public-health-facilities/711582/">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>'
$lang = 'English'
$SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/'
$site_title = 'im4change'
$adminprix = 'admin'

include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51

Financial burden of child births is rising in India -- even in free public health facilities -Prem Shankar Mishra and TS Syamala

-ThePrint.in ISEC Bangalore researchers studied NFHS data to find that out-of-pocket expenditure for a normal delivery at a public facility is higher for rural households (Rs 5,368) than urban (Rs 4,330). Maternal and child healthcare services in India – including antenatal care, natal care (institutional delivery, or births delivered in a medical facility), postnatal care, and childcare – are meant to be free of cost in public health facilities. Several policies and programmes have been designed to promote and support the provision of these services. For example, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) encourage institutional delivery with the objective of reducing maternal and infant deaths. Due to the implementation of these programmes, institutional delivery in India has increased many folds (International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF International, 2017). However, the 2019-20 NFHS (National Family Health Survey)-5 report shows that in several states the proportion of institutional deliveries continues to be below the national average, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure for institutional deliveries in public facilities is high, and the rate of c-section (caesarean) deliveries is much greater than the national average (IIPS, 2020) and as compared to the ideal international rate (World Health Organization (WHO), 2015). In this post, we analyse data from two rounds of the NFHS (NFHS-5 in 2019-20, and NFHS-4 in 2015-16), to understand the trends in institutional deliveries, related OOP expenditures, and c-section deliveries – across rural and urban areas of the major Indian states and union territories (UTs). Please click here to read more.