Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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-The Hindu Business Line&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &amp;mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &amp;mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Hindu Business Line

Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread...&#039;
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-The Hindu Business Line

Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread..."/>
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                <strong>Fix farm woes to power inclusive growth -Sanjoy Chakravorthy, S Chandrasekhar and Karthikeya Naraparaju</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line<br /><br /><em>Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this<br /></em><br />Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &ldquo;inclusive growth&rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&rdquo;<br /><br />In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &ldquo;Sabka Vikas&rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.<br /><br /><em>Growth matters<br /></em><br />If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.<br /><br />In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &mdash; a regressive growth &mdash; had taken place.<br /><br />These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece" title="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu Business Line&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &amp;mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &amp;mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Hindu Business Line

Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &amp;mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &amp;mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &amp;mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &amp;mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Hindu Business Line

Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &amp;mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &amp;mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Hindu Business Line

Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread..."/>
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                <strong>Fix farm woes to power inclusive growth -Sanjoy Chakravorthy, S Chandrasekhar and Karthikeya Naraparaju</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line<br /><br /><em>Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this<br /></em><br />Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &ldquo;inclusive growth&rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&rdquo;<br /><br />In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &ldquo;Sabka Vikas&rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.<br /><br /><em>Growth matters<br /></em><br />If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.<br /><br />In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &mdash; a regressive growth &mdash; had taken place.<br /><br />These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece" title="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Fix farm woes to power inclusive growth -Sanjoy Chakravorthy, S Chandrasekhar and Karthikeya Naraparaju&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &amp;mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &amp;mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &amp;mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &amp;mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Fix farm woes to power inclusive growth -Sanjoy Chakravorthy, S Chandrasekhar and Karthikeya Naraparaju&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &amp;mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &amp;mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line

Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Inclusive growth &amp;mdash; also called &amp;ldquo;pro-poor&amp;rdquo; growth &amp;mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &amp;ldquo;inclusive growth&amp;rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &amp;ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &amp;ldquo;Sabka Vikas&amp;rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&amp;rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Growth matters&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &amp;mdash; a regressive growth &amp;mdash; had taken place.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &amp;mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &amp;mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Hindu Business Line

Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread..."/>
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                <strong>Fix farm woes to power inclusive growth -Sanjoy Chakravorthy, S Chandrasekhar and Karthikeya Naraparaju</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line<br /><br /><em>Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this<br /></em><br />Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &ldquo;inclusive growth&rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&rdquo;<br /><br />In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &ldquo;Sabka Vikas&rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.<br /><br /><em>Growth matters<br /></em><br />If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.<br /><br />In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &mdash; a regressive growth &mdash; had taken place.<br /><br />These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece" title="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu Business Line<br />
<br />
<em>Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this<br />
</em><br />
Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &ldquo;inclusive growth&rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&rdquo;<br />
<br />
In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &ldquo;Sabka Vikas&rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.<br />
<br />
<em>Growth matters<br />
</em><br />
If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.<br />
<br />
In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &mdash; a regressive growth &mdash; had taken place.<br />
<br />
These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br />
</div>',
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-The Hindu Business Line

Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread...',
	'disp' => '<div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line<br /><br /><em>Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this<br /></em><br />Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &ldquo;inclusive growth&rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&rdquo;<br /><br />In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &ldquo;Sabka Vikas&rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.<br /><br /><em>Growth matters<br /></em><br />If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.<br /><br />In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &mdash; a regressive growth &mdash; had taken place.<br /><br />These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece" title="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>',
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	'title' => 'Fix farm woes to power inclusive growth -Sanjoy Chakravorthy, S Chandrasekhar and Karthikeya Naraparaju',
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-The Hindu Business Line<br />
<br />
<em>Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this<br />
</em><br />
Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &ldquo;inclusive growth&rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&rdquo;<br />
<br />
In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &ldquo;Sabka Vikas&rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.<br />
<br />
<em>Growth matters<br />
</em><br />
If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.<br />
<br />
In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &mdash; a regressive growth &mdash; had taken place.<br />
<br />
These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br />
</div>',
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-The Hindu Business Line

Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this

Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line<br /><br /><em>Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this<br /></em><br />Inclusive growth &mdash; also called &ldquo;pro-poor&rdquo; growth &mdash; has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is &ldquo;inclusive growth&rdquo; anything more than a slogan like &ldquo;Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?&rdquo;<br /><br />In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of &ldquo;Sabka Vikas&rdquo; by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization&rsquo;s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector.<br /><br /><em>Growth matters<br /></em><br />If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times.<br /><br />In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth &mdash; a regressive growth &mdash; had taken place.<br /><br />These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient &mdash; a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality &mdash; to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece" title="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/fix-farm-woes-to-power-inclusive-growth/article10009051.ece">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>'
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Fix farm woes to power inclusive growth -Sanjoy Chakravorthy, S Chandrasekhar and Karthikeya Naraparaju

-The Hindu Business Line Fragmentation of agricultural land has caused sharp, uneven fluctuations in farmer incomes. Policy must address this Inclusive growth — also called “pro-poor” growth — has become an important idea in the development discourse in India. It has widespread support because it combines the two most important ideas in development: income growth along with a progressive (or more egalitarian) distribution. The term was first embraced in the early 2000s by the UPA-1 government under PM Manmohan Singh. It has since been taken up by the NDA government under PM Narendra Modi. But is “inclusive growth” anything more than a slogan like “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas?” In light of the objective of the Government to double the income of farmers by 2022, we examined the issue of “Sabka Vikas” by analysing the National Sample Survey Organization’s Situation Assessment Survey of Farmers (2003) and Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households, 2013. Because agriculture employs close to half the labour force in India, but generates the lowest per capita output (and hence is associated with the highest levels of poverty), it is clear that if there is to be inclusive growth in India, it has to begin in the agricultural sector. Growth matters If there was overall income growth between the surveys, and incomes at the bottom end of the income distribution (of small and marginal landholders) grew faster than at the higher end (of large landholders), it would be possible to conclude that inclusive growth had taken place. We looked for evidence on the inclusiveness of growth in the agricultural sector. Between 2003-13, we found evidence of overall income growth by a factor of 1.34 in real terms. However, we also found that the land-rich saw incomes grow the fastest; the -poor, the slowest. Households with over 10 hectares of land (the largest landownership class) saw their incomes double. In fact, all households with at least 1 ha of land saw their income increase by at least 1.5 times. The slowest growth of income was among the smaller landholders; marginal landholders (less than 0.4 ha) saw their incomes grow by a mere 1.1 times. In general, the smaller the landholding class, the slower the income growth. As far as land ownership is concerned, the opposite of inclusive growth — a regressive growth — had taken place. These differences in averages were indicative of high income inequality. We used the Gini Coefficient — a popular measure of inequality that takes a value between 0 and 1, with a value of 0 for perfect equality and higher values indicating higher levels of inequality — to measure income inequality. We found a Gini Coefficient of about 0.6 for income between 2003-13. This is expected to be an underestimate because surveys are typically unable to reach households at the very top of the income distribution. Please click here to read more.