Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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-Business Standard&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &amp;ldquo;formalisation&amp;rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The pace is now quickening. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &amp;ldquo;forced&amp;rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from...&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &amp;ldquo;formalisation&amp;rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The pace is now quickening. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &amp;ldquo;forced&amp;rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from...&#039;
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-Business Standard

The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from..."/>
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                <strong>Forced formalisation is not healthy -C Rammanohar Reddy</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-Business Standard<br /><br /><em>The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development<br /></em><br />For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &ldquo;formalisation&rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. <br /><br />The pace is now quickening. <br /><br />Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &ldquo;forced&rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. <br /><br />The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: <br /><br />Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter" title="http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter">click here</a> to read more. <br /><br /></div>               </font>
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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0654307344-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0654307344-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f0654307344-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0654307344-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0654307344-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0654307344-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0654307344-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f0654307344-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
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</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f0654307344-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
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-Business Standard&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &amp;ldquo;formalisation&amp;rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The pace is now quickening. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &amp;ldquo;forced&amp;rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Business Standard, 22 January, 2018, http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL&#039;,
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The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from...&#039;,
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-Business Standard&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &amp;ldquo;formalisation&amp;rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The pace is now quickening. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &amp;ldquo;forced&amp;rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from...&#039;
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Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
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-Business Standard

The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from..."/>
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                <strong>Forced formalisation is not healthy -C Rammanohar Reddy</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-Business Standard<br /><br /><em>The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development<br /></em><br />For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &ldquo;formalisation&rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. <br /><br />The pace is now quickening. <br /><br />Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &ldquo;forced&rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. <br /><br />The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: <br /><br />Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter" title="http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter">click here</a> to read more. <br /><br /></div>               </font>
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-Business Standard&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &amp;ldquo;formalisation&amp;rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The pace is now quickening. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &amp;ldquo;forced&amp;rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

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-Business Standard&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &amp;ldquo;formalisation&amp;rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The pace is now quickening. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &amp;ldquo;forced&amp;rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from...&#039;
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The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from..."/>
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                <strong>Forced formalisation is not healthy -C Rammanohar Reddy</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-Business Standard<br /><br /><em>The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development<br /></em><br />For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &ldquo;formalisation&rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. <br /><br />The pace is now quickening. <br /><br />Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &ldquo;forced&rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. <br /><br />The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: <br /><br />Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter" title="http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter">click here</a> to read more. <br /><br /></div>               </font>
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-Business Standard<br />
<br />
<em>The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development<br />
</em><br />
For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &ldquo;formalisation&rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. <br />
<br />
The pace is now quickening. <br />
<br />
Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &ldquo;forced&rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. <br />
<br />
The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: <br />
<br />
Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/forced-formalisation-is-not-healthy-118012201203_1.html?code=eFF5NGZLVWdiL1hTdWtPZjcrOXBQRUNsUFE2ZWdCZEZycjZLZENlL0k2TT0%3D#.Wmakp0Oyq9A.twitter">click here</a> to read more. <br />
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-Business Standard<br />
<br />
<em>The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development<br />
</em><br />
For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of &ldquo;formalisation&rdquo; has been excruciatingly slow. <br />
<br />
The pace is now quickening. <br />
<br />
Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The &ldquo;forced&rdquo; formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. <br />
<br />
The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: <br />
<br />
Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products.<br />
<br />
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The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development

For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from...'
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Forced formalisation is not healthy -C Rammanohar Reddy

-Business Standard The large informal sector is a consequence - not a cause - of the low level of development For decades, one of the central aims of economic policy in India has been to create conditions for workers to move from low- to high-income employment. This has usually implied a shift from the informal sector where productivity is low, to the formal sector where productivity is high. This process of “formalisation” has been excruciatingly slow. The pace is now quickening. Demonetisation, which led to financialisation of savings and then to the government-ordained acceleration of digitalisation, was one driving force. So, too, the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). Formalisation was not the original objective of either; it has turned out to be an ex-post official rationalisation for both. The “forced” formalisation that has been set in motion is, however, not good for working people. The appreciation in government and international agencies of this kind of formalisation is based on a surprisingly inadequate understanding of the informal sector. So, first a primer: Informal, unorganised, tiny or whatever you call it, this part of the economy has been defined in different ways. At its core, the informal sector contains small establishments with up to 5-10 workers (family, self-employed, or with hired workers) producing products often of low price and quality. Productivity is usually low, and so too are incomes and wages. The informal sector enterprises are to be found in manufacturing (from handloom to metal-fabrication) and services (small retail, eateries, repair establishments, and the like). It is in essence a very heterogeneous sector in terms of what it makes, how it functions, and where it sells its products. Please click here to read more.