Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 73,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'catslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 73,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'catslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 74,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 74,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 17958,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 12 November, 2012, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it/1030241/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 18087,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 17958,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;HIV AIDS,Health&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 17958,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 12 November, 2012, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it/1030241/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 18087,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 17958
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;HIV AIDS,Health&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>Raipur: </em>A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.<br /><br />This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.<br /><br />The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.<br /><br />&ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&rdquo; he said. &ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&rdquo;<br /><br />The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.<br /><br />&ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&rdquo; Nayak added. &ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &ldquo;is merely hypothetical&rdquo;. Gupta said, &ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.<br /><br />In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.</div>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$maxBufferLength = (int) 8192
$file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php'
$line = (int) 853
$message = 'Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853'
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148]
Code Context
            $response->getStatusCode(),

            ($reasonPhrase ? ' ' . $reasonPhrase : '')

        ));
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 17958,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 12 November, 2012, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it/1030241/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 18087,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 17958,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;HIV AIDS,Health&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 17958,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 12 November, 2012, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it/1030241/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 18087,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 17958
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;HIV AIDS,Health&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>Raipur: </em>A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.<br /><br />This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.<br /><br />The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.<br /><br />&ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&rdquo; he said. &ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&rdquo;<br /><br />The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.<br /><br />&ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&rdquo; Nayak added. &ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &ldquo;is merely hypothetical&rdquo;. Gupta said, &ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.<br /><br />In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.</div>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$reasonPhrase = 'OK'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 54
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181]
Code Context
                    $value

                ), $first);

                $first = false;
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f3393a24cf4-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 17958,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 12 November, 2012, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it/1030241/&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 18087,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 17958,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;HIV AIDS,Health&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 17958,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 12 November, 2012, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it/1030241/&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 0,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; (int) 18087,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 17958
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj&#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;HIV AIDS,Health&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raipur: &lt;/em&gt;A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&amp;rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&amp;rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &amp;ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&amp;rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&amp;rdquo; he said. &amp;ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &amp;ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&amp;rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&amp;rdquo; Nayak added. &amp;ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &amp;ldquo;is merely hypothetical&amp;rdquo;. Gupta said, &amp;ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&amp;rdquo;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj</strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>Raipur: </em>A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.<br /><br />This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.<br /><br />The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.<br /><br />&ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&rdquo; he said. &ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&rdquo;<br /><br />The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.<br /><br />&ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&rdquo; Nayak added. &ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &ldquo;is merely hypothetical&rdquo;. Gupta said, &ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.<br /><br />In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.</div>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$cookies = []
$values = [
	(int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
]
$name = 'Content-Type'
$first = true
$value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitHeaders() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 55
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

<head>

    <link rel="canonical" href="<?php echo Configure::read('SITE_URL'); ?><?php echo $urlPrefix;?><?php echo $article_current->category->slug; ?>/<?php echo $article_current->seo_url; ?>.html"/>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>

$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp'
$dataForView = [
	'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		'id' => (int) 17958,
		'title' => 'HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj',
		'subheading' => '',
		'description' => '<div align="justify">
-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
<em>Raipur: </em>A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.<br />
<br />
This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.<br />
<br />
The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&rdquo; he said. &ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&rdquo;<br />
<br />
The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&rdquo; Nayak added. &ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&rdquo;<br />
<br />
Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &ldquo;is merely hypothetical&rdquo;. Gupta said, &ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&rdquo;<br />
<br />
Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.
</div>',
		'credit_writer' => 'The Indian Express, 12 November, 2012, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it/1030241/',
		'article_img' => '',
		'article_img_thumb' => '',
		'status' => (int) 1,
		'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
		'lang' => 'EN',
		'category_id' => (int) 16,
		'tag_keyword' => '',
		'seo_url' => 'hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087',
		'meta_title' => null,
		'meta_keywords' => null,
		'meta_description' => null,
		'noindex' => (int) 0,
		'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		'most_visit_section_id' => null,
		'article_big_img' => null,
		'liveid' => (int) 18087,
		'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'edate' => '',
		'tags' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[hasErrors]' => false,
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'Articles'
	
	},
	'articleid' => (int) 17958,
	'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj',
	'metaKeywords' => 'HIV AIDS,Health',
	'metaDesc' => '
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that...',
	'disp' => '<div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>Raipur: </em>A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.<br /><br />This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.<br /><br />The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.<br /><br />&ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&rdquo; he said. &ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&rdquo;<br /><br />The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.<br /><br />&ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&rdquo; Nayak added. &ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &ldquo;is merely hypothetical&rdquo;. Gupta said, &ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.<br /><br />In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.</div>',
	'lang' => 'English',
	'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/',
	'site_title' => 'im4change',
	'adminprix' => 'admin'
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	'id' => (int) 17958,
	'title' => 'HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj',
	'subheading' => '',
	'description' => '<div align="justify">
-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
<em>Raipur: </em>A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.<br />
<br />
This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.<br />
<br />
The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&rdquo; he said. &ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&rdquo;<br />
<br />
The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&rdquo; Nayak added. &ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&rdquo;<br />
<br />
Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &ldquo;is merely hypothetical&rdquo;. Gupta said, &ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&rdquo;<br />
<br />
Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.<br />
<br />
In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.
</div>',
	'credit_writer' => 'The Indian Express, 12 November, 2012, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it/1030241/',
	'article_img' => '',
	'article_img_thumb' => '',
	'status' => (int) 1,
	'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
	'lang' => 'EN',
	'category_id' => (int) 16,
	'tag_keyword' => '',
	'seo_url' => 'hiv-in-chhattisgarh-jails-debate-over-what-caused-it-ashutosh-bhardwaj-18087',
	'meta_title' => null,
	'meta_keywords' => null,
	'meta_description' => null,
	'noindex' => (int) 0,
	'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	'most_visit_section_id' => null,
	'article_big_img' => null,
	'liveid' => (int) 18087,
	'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'edate' => '',
	'tags' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	'[new]' => false,
	'[accessible]' => [
		'*' => true,
		'id' => false
	],
	'[dirty]' => [],
	'[original]' => [],
	'[virtual]' => [],
	'[hasErrors]' => false,
	'[errors]' => [],
	'[invalid]' => [],
	'[repository]' => 'Articles'

}
$articleid = (int) 17958
$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj'
$metaKeywords = 'HIV AIDS,Health'
$metaDesc = '
-The Indian Express

Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>Raipur: </em>A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh&rsquo;s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don&rsquo;t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes.<br /><br />This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails.<br /><br />The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. &ldquo;This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,&rdquo; said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society.<br /><br />&ldquo;Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,&rdquo; he said. &ldquo;We counsel them about safe sex.&rdquo;<br /><br />The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. &ldquo;Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,&rdquo; said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak.<br /><br />&ldquo;A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,&rdquo; Nayak added. &ldquo;Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails &ldquo;is merely hypothetical&rdquo;. Gupta said, &ldquo;There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.&rdquo;<br /><br />Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s.<br /><br />In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.</div>'
$lang = 'English'
$SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/'
$site_title = 'im4change'
$adminprix = 'admin'

include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51

HIV in Chhattisgarh jails, debate over what caused it-Ashutosh Bhardwaj

-The Indian Express Raipur: A nationwide health survey in jails has found 80 of Chhattisgarh’s prisoners HIV-positive, out of 13,000-odd tested. Prison authorities insist that the inmates had probably arrived already infected, but health authorities don’t rule out the possibility that it was after being jailed that they got infected, with unsafe sex or drug use the likely causes. This has turned into a contentious issue. The health authorities are contemplating distribution of condoms and syringes, but the jail authorities say there is no reason to do so. Their resistance comes apparently because allowing distribution of condoms would amount to an acceptance of the fact that homosexuality exists in jails. The 80 found HIV-positive include women prisoners too. “This is the first instance of an ELISA test being conducted in jails anywhere in India. Figures for none of the other states are available,” said S K Binjhwar, additional project director, Chhattisgarh Aids Control Society. “Of these 80 prisoners, 65 have a CD4 count less than 350. They are being given ART. So far we have tested only those we suspected to be from a high-risk group, but since the infection also spreads to others in jails we are expanding our sample size,” he said. “We counsel them about safe sex.” The jail administration says the health authorities should focus on sources of infection beyond prisons. “Instead of focusing on jails, the health authorities should focus on red-light areas and drug addicts and on improving the health situation at village level, especially checking quacks who use old syringes. These are the major sources of spreading HIV infection,” said ADG (jail) Giridhari Nayak. “A jail has a mobile population, like a train. People board at a station and get off at the next. Only a few remain till the final destination,” Nayak added. “Of the total HIV-positive inmates in Chhattisgarh jails, only 12 are convicts while the rest are undertrials; they keep getting released and new ones come in. The infection comes from outside; it is not spreading in jails.” Dr K K Gupta, Raipur jailor, said that the possibility of homosexual behaviour in jails “is merely hypothetical”. Gupta said, “There is no question of distributing condoms or syringes as such activities are yet to be seen in jails.” Homosexuality in jails has been discussed globally and opinions have been sharply divided. A California study notes that the rate of HIV prevalence among people who are incarcerated is nearly seven times higher than that of the general population. San Francisco jail authorities installed a condom-vending machine on their premises after HIV infection was found to be rapidly spreading in the area in the 1990s. In Chhattisgarh, the project began in March 2011, when the state AIDS control society decided to conduct ELISA tests in jail and contacted the authorities. From April 2011-March 12, 6,082 inmates underwent the test and 54 were found positive. From April 12-August 12, 7,304 were tested with 26 found positive.