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Resource centre on India's rural distress
 
 

How a transition back to hardy millets could solve several crises that India is grappling with -Swapan Mehra

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With climate change, farmer suicides and agicultural distress, the drought-resilient coarse grain that requires few resources could be the answer.

Already caught in a vicious cycle of debt and declining yields, Indian farmers now face new challenges from climate change. The Ministry of Earth Science, in a 2020 report, predicts, “Rising temperatures, heat extremes, and increasing year-to-year rainfall variability are likely to adversely impact crop yield.”

India’s Green Revolution of the 1960s introduced monocrops of high-yielding paddy and wheat. At the time, such practices were seen as the only way to achieve food production targets. This led to a major dependence on irrigation and chemical inputs, in turn degrading the land, depleting groundwater and reducing agro-biodiversity.

A rapid transition to the climate resilient crops that preceded the Green Revolution – crops that are less vulnerable to rainfall and temperature variabilities – can be the cornerstone of a strategy to protect the livelihoods of small farmers and revitalise the land. Millets should be considered an essential component of a national strategy to do just that.

Millets are a diverse family of small-grained cereals, indigenous to various parts of India. For centuries, they have been key to the nutritional strength and health of the land and diversity of its cultures. Before the Green Revolution, millets were one of the largest grown staples in India, cultivated on 37 million hectares of land. Now, down to 14 million hectares, millets have been reduced to a marginal fodder crop to feed livestock.

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