Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Context
trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);
}
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 73, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'printArticle', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 88, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 73, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741/print' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741/print' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'catslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]Code Context
trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);
}
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.' $stackFrame = (int) 1 $trace = [ (int) 0 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php', 'line' => (int) 2421, 'function' => 'deprecationWarning', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.' ] ], (int) 1 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 74, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ], (int) 2 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php', 'line' => (int) 610, 'function' => 'printArticle', 'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 3 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 120, 'function' => 'invokeAction', 'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller', 'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ], (int) 4 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php', 'line' => (int) 94, 'function' => '_invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {} ] ], (int) 5 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php', 'line' => (int) 235, 'function' => 'dispatch', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 6 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication', 'object' => object(App\Application) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 7 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 162, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 8 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 9 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 88, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 10 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 11 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php', 'line' => (int) 96, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 12 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 65, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware', 'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {} ] ], (int) 13 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php', 'line' => (int) 51, 'function' => '__invoke', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 14 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php', 'line' => (int) 98, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {} ] ], (int) 15 => [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php', 'line' => (int) 39, 'function' => 'run', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {}, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [] ] ] $frame = [ 'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php', 'line' => (int) 74, 'function' => 'offsetGet', 'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest', 'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) { trustProxy => false [protected] params => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] cookies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _environment => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741/print' [protected] base => '' [protected] webroot => '/' [protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741/print' [protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] _input => null [protected] _detectors => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] _detectorCache => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {} [protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {} [protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {} [protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] emulatedAttributes => [ [maximum depth reached] ] [protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]] [protected] protocol => null [protected] requestTarget => null [private] deprecatedProperties => [ [maximum depth reached] ] }, 'type' => '->', 'args' => [ (int) 0 => 'artileslug' ] ]deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311 Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421 App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74 Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98
Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]Code Contextif (Configure::read('debug')) {
trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);
} else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) { 'status' => (int) 200, 'contentType' => 'text/html', 'headers' => [ 'Content-Type' => [ [maximum depth reached] ] ], 'file' => null, 'fileRange' => [], 'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {}, 'cacheDirectives' => [], 'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">> </span></span></code> <span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"> <link rel="canonical" href="<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>/<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>.html"/> </span></code></span> <code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type" </span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/> </span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 40607, 'title' => 'How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -Livemint.com<br /> <br /> <em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /> </em><br /> A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /> <br /> In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /> <br /> Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /> <br /> Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /> </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'Livemint.com, 10 December, 2019, https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4688741, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 40607, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'metaKeywords' => 'Public Distribution System,PDS,NFSA,National Food Security Act,Right to Food,Social Welfare', 'metaDesc' => ' -Livemint.com Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not...', 'disp' => '<div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 40607, 'title' => 'How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -Livemint.com<br /> <br /> <em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /> </em><br /> A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /> <br /> In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /> <br /> Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /> <br /> Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /> </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'Livemint.com, 10 December, 2019, https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4688741, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 40607 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia' $metaKeywords = 'Public Distribution System,PDS,NFSA,National Food Security Act,Right to Food,Social Welfare' $metaDesc = ' -Livemint.com Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not...' $disp = '<div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741.html"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"/> <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia | Im4change.org</title> <meta name="description" content=" -Livemint.com Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not..."/> <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem var pic_real_width, pic_real_height; $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues .attr("src", $(img).attr("src")) .load(function () { pic_real_width = this.width; // Note: $(this).width() will not pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images. }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen { div.divFooter { display: block; } } @media print { .printbutton { display: none !important; } } </style> </head> <body> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center"> <tr> <td class="top_bg"> <div class="divFooter"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0" alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="topspace"> </td> </tr> <tr id="topspace"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%"> <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal"> <strong>How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia</strong></h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3"> <div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India’s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div> </font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> </table></body> </html>' } $maxBufferLength = (int) 8192 $file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php' $line = (int) 853 $message = 'Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853'Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48 Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141 [main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39
Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148]Code Context$response->getStatusCode(),
($reasonPhrase ? ' ' . $reasonPhrase : '')
));
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) { 'status' => (int) 200, 'contentType' => 'text/html', 'headers' => [ 'Content-Type' => [ [maximum depth reached] ] ], 'file' => null, 'fileRange' => [], 'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {}, 'cacheDirectives' => [], 'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">> </span></span></code> <span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"> <link rel="canonical" href="<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>/<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>.html"/> </span></code></span> <code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type" </span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/> </span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 40607, 'title' => 'How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -Livemint.com<br /> <br /> <em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /> </em><br /> A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /> <br /> In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /> <br /> Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /> <br /> Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /> </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'Livemint.com, 10 December, 2019, https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4688741, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 40607, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'metaKeywords' => 'Public Distribution System,PDS,NFSA,National Food Security Act,Right to Food,Social Welfare', 'metaDesc' => ' -Livemint.com Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not...', 'disp' => '<div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 40607, 'title' => 'How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -Livemint.com<br /> <br /> <em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /> </em><br /> A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /> <br /> In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /> <br /> Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /> <br /> Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /> </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'Livemint.com, 10 December, 2019, https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4688741, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 40607 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia' $metaKeywords = 'Public Distribution System,PDS,NFSA,National Food Security Act,Right to Food,Social Welfare' $metaDesc = ' -Livemint.com Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not...' $disp = '<div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741.html"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"/> <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia | Im4change.org</title> <meta name="description" content=" -Livemint.com Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not..."/> <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem var pic_real_width, pic_real_height; $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues .attr("src", $(img).attr("src")) .load(function () { pic_real_width = this.width; // Note: $(this).width() will not pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images. }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen { div.divFooter { display: block; } } @media print { .printbutton { display: none !important; } } </style> </head> <body> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center"> <tr> <td class="top_bg"> <div class="divFooter"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0" alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="topspace"> </td> </tr> <tr id="topspace"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%"> <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal"> <strong>How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia</strong></h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3"> <div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India’s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div> </font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> </table></body> </html>' } $reasonPhrase = 'OK'header - [internal], line ?? Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148 Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 54 Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141 [main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39
Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181]Notice (8): Undefined variable: urlPrefix [APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8]Code Context$value
), $first);
$first = false;
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) { 'status' => (int) 200, 'contentType' => 'text/html', 'headers' => [ 'Content-Type' => [ [maximum depth reached] ] ], 'file' => null, 'fileRange' => [], 'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {}, 'cacheDirectives' => [], 'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">> </span></span></code> <span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"> <link rel="canonical" href="<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>/<span style="color: #0000BB"><?php </span><span style="color: #007700">echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-></span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB">?></span>.html"/> </span></code></span> <code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type" </span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/> </span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f70c86c5eb6-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 40607, 'title' => 'How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -Livemint.com<br /> <br /> <em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /> </em><br /> A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /> <br /> In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /> <br /> Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /> <br /> Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /> </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'Livemint.com, 10 December, 2019, https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4688741, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 40607, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'metaKeywords' => 'Public Distribution System,PDS,NFSA,National Food Security Act,Right to Food,Social Welfare', 'metaDesc' => ' -Livemint.com Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not...', 'disp' => '<div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 40607, 'title' => 'How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -Livemint.com<br /> <br /> <em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /> </em><br /> A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /> <br /> In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /> <br /> Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /> <br /> Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /> </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'Livemint.com, 10 December, 2019, https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4688741, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 40607 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia' $metaKeywords = 'Public Distribution System,PDS,NFSA,National Food Security Act,Right to Food,Social Welfare' $metaDesc = ' -Livemint.com Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not...' $disp = '<div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India&rsquo;s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India&rsquo;s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741.html"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"/> <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia | Im4change.org</title> <meta name="description" content=" -Livemint.com Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not..."/> <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem var pic_real_width, pic_real_height; $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues .attr("src", $(img).attr("src")) .load(function () { pic_real_width = this.width; // Note: $(this).width() will not pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images. }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen { div.divFooter { display: block; } } @media print { .printbutton { display: none !important; } } </style> </head> <body> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center"> <tr> <td class="top_bg"> <div class="divFooter"> <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0" alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="topspace"> </td> </tr> <tr id="topspace"> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%"> <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal"> <strong>How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia</strong></h1> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3"> <div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India’s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div> </font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;"> <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page " onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form> </td> </tr> </table></body> </html>' } $cookies = [] $values = [ (int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8' ] $name = 'Content-Type' $first = true $value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'header - [internal], line ?? Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitHeaders() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181 Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 55 Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141 [main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39
<head>
<link rel="canonical" href="<?php echo Configure::read('SITE_URL'); ?><?php echo $urlPrefix;?><?php echo $article_current->category->slug; ?>/<?php echo $article_current->seo_url; ?>.html"/>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp' $dataForView = [ 'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 40607, 'title' => 'How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -Livemint.com<br /> <br /> <em>Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /> </em><br /> A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India’s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /> <br /> In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /> <br /> Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /> <br /> Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /> </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'Livemint.com, 10 December, 2019, https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4688741, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'Articles' }, 'articleid' => (int) 40607, 'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'metaKeywords' => 'Public Distribution System,PDS,NFSA,National Food Security Act,Right to Food,Social Welfare', 'metaDesc' => ' -Livemint.com Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not...', 'disp' => '<div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India’s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>', 'lang' => 'English', 'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/', 'site_title' => 'im4change', 'adminprix' => 'admin' ] $article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) { 'id' => (int) 40607, 'title' => 'How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia', 'subheading' => '', 'description' => '<div align="justify"> -Livemint.com<br /> <br /> <em>Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /> </em><br /> A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India’s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /> <br /> In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /> <br /> Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /> <br /> Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /> </div>', 'credit_writer' => 'Livemint.com, 10 December, 2019, https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html', 'article_img' => '', 'article_img_thumb' => '', 'status' => (int) 1, 'show_on_home' => (int) 1, 'lang' => 'EN', 'category_id' => (int) 16, 'tag_keyword' => '', 'seo_url' => 'how-social-transfers-help-poor-cope-with-risk-surbhi-bhatia-4688741', 'meta_title' => null, 'meta_keywords' => null, 'meta_description' => null, 'noindex' => (int) 0, 'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'most_visit_section_id' => null, 'article_big_img' => null, 'liveid' => (int) 4688741, 'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {}, 'edate' => '', 'tags' => [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}, (int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {} ], 'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {}, '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true, 'id' => false ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[hasErrors]' => false, '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'Articles' } $articleid = (int) 40607 $metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia' $metaKeywords = 'Public Distribution System,PDS,NFSA,National Food Security Act,Right to Food,Social Welfare' $metaDesc = ' -Livemint.com Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not...' $disp = '<div align="justify">-Livemint.com<br /><br /><em>Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages<br /></em><br />A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India’s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty.<br /><br />In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households.<br /><br />Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html" title="https://www.livemint.com/news/india/how-social-transfers-help-the-poor-cope-with-risk-11575958303760.html">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>' $lang = 'English' $SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/' $site_title = 'im4change' $adminprix = 'admin'
include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374 Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
![]() |
How social transfers help poor cope with risk -Surbhi Bhatia |
-Livemint.com
Using India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) as a case study, new research shows social transfers may reduce labour supply, but increase wages A common belief about social transfers is that they make their recipients lazy, decrease labour supply and do not reduce poverty. According to research that examines India’s largest social transfer programme, the public distribution system (PDS), social transfers indeed reduce labour supply but this increases wages and alleviates poverty. In the study, Aditya Shrinivas and others inspect the variations in PDS transfers that occurred after the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) in 2013. The NFSA imposed national price targets that decreased the price of rice and wheat to Rs.3 and Rs.2 per kg, respectively. The Act also altered the way PDS transfers were allocated. Before NFSA, many states allocated transfers at the household level but after NFSA, these transfers were allocated on a per-capita basis. This led to more generous transfers to larger households. Using data from 1,300 households in 30 villages across eight states from 2010 to 2015, the authors examine how these changes in PDS transfers affected labour supply and wages. They find that a Rs.100 increase in transfer per household per month led to 3.3% decrease in labour supply. This reduction in labour supply increased daily wages by 8.6%. Please click here to read more. |