Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68200e52802b0-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68200e52802b0-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr68200e52802b0-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68200e52802b0-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68200e52802b0-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr68200e52802b0-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr68200e52802b0-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr68200e52802b0-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science,&amp;quot; Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&amp;quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&amp;quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said.&lt;/font&gt;
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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&amp;quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.&lt;/font&gt;
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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


&amp;quot;While various...&#039;
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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


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                <strong>India to study impact of carbon aerosols on public health</strong></h1>
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                <p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><br /><font >At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science,&quot; Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Aerosols are a suspension of small particles in a gas.<br />They are formed by the conversion of gases to particles, the disintegration of liquids or solids, or the resuspension of powdered material. Dust, smoke, fume, haze, and mist are common terms for aerosols.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p>               </font>
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science,&amp;quot; Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&amp;quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&amp;quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Aerosols are a suspension of small particles in a gas.&lt;br /&gt;
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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&amp;quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Aerosols are a suspension of small particles in a gas.&lt;br /&gt;
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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


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                <strong>India to study impact of carbon aerosols on public health</strong></h1>
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                <p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><br /><font >At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science,&quot; Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Aerosols are a suspension of small particles in a gas.<br />They are formed by the conversion of gases to particles, the disintegration of liquids or solids, or the resuspension of powdered material. Dust, smoke, fume, haze, and mist are common terms for aerosols.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p>               </font>
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science,&amp;quot; Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&amp;quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&amp;quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said.&lt;/font&gt;
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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&amp;quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.&lt;/font&gt;
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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


&quot;While various..."/>
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                <strong>India to study impact of carbon aerosols on public health</strong></h1>
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                <p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><br /><font >At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science,&quot; Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Aerosols are a suspension of small particles in a gas.<br />They are formed by the conversion of gases to particles, the disintegration of liquids or solids, or the resuspension of powdered material. Dust, smoke, fume, haze, and mist are common terms for aerosols.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p>               </font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&quot;While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science,&quot; Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Aerosols are a suspension of small particles in a gas.<br />
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&quot;While various...',
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&quot;While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science,&quot; Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.</font>
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<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">&quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.</font>
</p>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Aerosols are a suspension of small particles in a gas.<br />
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At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.


&quot;While various...'
$disp = '<p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><br /><font >At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science,&quot; Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme,&quot; Ramesh said recently while announcing the move.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >&quot;Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts,&quot; said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Aerosols are a suspension of small particles in a gas.<br />They are formed by the conversion of gases to particles, the disintegration of liquids or solids, or the resuspension of powdered material. Dust, smoke, fume, haze, and mist are common terms for aerosols.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p>'
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India to study impact of carbon aerosols on public health

At a time when carbon aerosols including black carbon caused by incomplete combustion are being linked to global warming, an integrated national research programme will study its impact on public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health in the country. "While various institutes in the country have been working on aerosols, including black carbon for some time now, India needs to assume a major leadership role in aerosol science," Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh said. He pointed out that research on the impact of aerosols on three areas is critical: public health, rainfall patterns and glacial health. "The long-term integrated programme on aerosols will involve the 3M approach: Measure, Model and Monitor. Research on black carbon will be an integral part of this programme," Ramesh said recently while announcing the move. Residues of combusted wood and dung, coal in cooking and heating stoves, the burning of coal and petroleum products in industrial and transportation sectors are leading sources of black carbon containing nitrates, sulfates, carbon and other matter. Experts have claimed to have identified black carbon as the second or third largest contributor to the current anthropogenic global warming by absorbing thermal infrared radiation from the ground and within clouds. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has also included it in its Fourth Assessment Report, 2007 and proposes to cover the same in its next (Fifth Assessment Report, 2014) report to understand its role on climate change. "Thus, there is a need to undertake studies at the regional and national level and to devise a science programme on aerosols, especially black carbon, involving our leading scientists and experts," said the Union Minister who has been stressing on in-house researches instead of those in Western countries. The aerosols programme to be covered under the Indian Network for Climate Change (INCAA) of the Environment Ministry will address issues such as its contribution to regional warming, its role on atmospheric stability and the consequent effect on cloud formation and monsoon. Role of black carbon as a result of its deposition on snow as well as warming on Himalayan retreat, the response of tropical oceans to large decrease in surface solar heating and the consequent effect on the hydrological cycle will also be studied, he said. Aerosols are a suspension of small particles in a gas. They are formed by the conversion of gases to particles, the disintegration of liquids or solids, or the resuspension of powdered material. Dust, smoke, fume, haze, and mist are common terms for aerosols.