Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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</span></span></code>
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		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Multiple dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &amp;lsquo;employment&amp;rsquo; includes in itself &amp;lsquo;self-&amp;rsquo; as well as &amp;lsquo;wage employment&amp;rsquo;. Within the category of &amp;lsquo;self-employed&amp;rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &amp;lsquo;unpaid family labour&amp;rsquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&amp;rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&amp;rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results

The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern...&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Multiple dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &amp;lsquo;employment&amp;rsquo; includes in itself &amp;lsquo;self-&amp;rsquo; as well as &amp;lsquo;wage employment&amp;rsquo;. Within the category of &amp;lsquo;self-employed&amp;rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &amp;lsquo;unpaid family labour&amp;rsquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&amp;rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&amp;rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results

The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern...&#039;
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
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Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results

The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern..."/>
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                <strong>Jobless growth becomes more systemic -KP Kannan &amp; G Raveendran</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results<br /></em><br />The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.<br /><br />The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.<br /><br /><em>Multiple dimensions<br /></em><br />Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &lsquo;employment&rsquo; includes in itself &lsquo;self-&rsquo; as well as &lsquo;wage employment&rsquo;. Within the category of &lsquo;self-employed&rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &lsquo;unpaid family labour&rsquo;.<br /><br />The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.<br /><br />The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.<br /><br />When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Multiple dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &amp;lsquo;employment&amp;rsquo; includes in itself &amp;lsquo;self-&amp;rsquo; as well as &amp;lsquo;wage employment&amp;rsquo;. Within the category of &amp;lsquo;self-employed&amp;rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &amp;lsquo;unpaid family labour&amp;rsquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&amp;rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&amp;rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results

The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern...&#039;,
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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Multiple dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &amp;lsquo;employment&amp;rsquo; includes in itself &amp;lsquo;self-&amp;rsquo; as well as &amp;lsquo;wage employment&amp;rsquo;. Within the category of &amp;lsquo;self-employed&amp;rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &amp;lsquo;unpaid family labour&amp;rsquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&amp;rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&amp;rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Hindu

Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results

The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern..."/>
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                <strong>Jobless growth becomes more systemic -KP Kannan &amp; G Raveendran</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results<br /></em><br />The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.<br /><br />The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.<br /><br /><em>Multiple dimensions<br /></em><br />Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &lsquo;employment&rsquo; includes in itself &lsquo;self-&rsquo; as well as &lsquo;wage employment&rsquo;. Within the category of &lsquo;self-employed&rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &lsquo;unpaid family labour&rsquo;.<br /><br />The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.<br /><br />The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.<br /><br />When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Multiple dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &amp;lsquo;employment&amp;rsquo; includes in itself &amp;lsquo;self-&amp;rsquo; as well as &amp;lsquo;wage employment&amp;rsquo;. Within the category of &amp;lsquo;self-employed&amp;rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &amp;lsquo;unpaid family labour&amp;rsquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results

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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Multiple dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &amp;lsquo;employment&amp;rsquo; includes in itself &amp;lsquo;self-&amp;rsquo; as well as &amp;lsquo;wage employment&amp;rsquo;. Within the category of &amp;lsquo;self-employed&amp;rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &amp;lsquo;unpaid family labour&amp;rsquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results

The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern..."/>
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                <strong>Jobless growth becomes more systemic -KP Kannan &amp; G Raveendran</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results<br /></em><br />The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.<br /><br />The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.<br /><br /><em>Multiple dimensions<br /></em><br />Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &lsquo;employment&rsquo; includes in itself &lsquo;self-&rsquo; as well as &lsquo;wage employment&rsquo;. Within the category of &lsquo;self-employed&rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &lsquo;unpaid family labour&rsquo;.<br /><br />The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.<br /><br />The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.<br /><br />When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu<br />
<br />
<em>Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results<br />
</em><br />
The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.<br />
<br />
The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.<br />
<br />
<em>Multiple dimensions<br />
</em><br />
Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &lsquo;employment&rsquo; includes in itself &lsquo;self-&rsquo; as well as &lsquo;wage employment&rsquo;. Within the category of &lsquo;self-employed&rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &lsquo;unpaid family labour&rsquo;.<br />
<br />
The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.<br />
<br />
The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.<br />
<br />
When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br />
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Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results

The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern...',
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-The Hindu<br />
<br />
<em>Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results<br />
</em><br />
The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.<br />
<br />
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<br />
<em>Multiple dimensions<br />
</em><br />
Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &lsquo;employment&rsquo; includes in itself &lsquo;self-&rsquo; as well as &lsquo;wage employment&rsquo;. Within the category of &lsquo;self-employed&rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &lsquo;unpaid family labour&rsquo;.<br />
<br />
The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.<br />
<br />
The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.<br />
<br />
When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br />
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$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Jobless growth becomes more systemic -KP Kannan &amp; G Raveendran'
$metaKeywords = 'jobless growth,Unemployment,Employment Generation,Job Creation,PLFS,Periodic Labour Force Survey'
$metaDesc = '
-The Hindu

Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results

The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results<br /></em><br />The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment.<br /><br />The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018.<br /><br /><em>Multiple dimensions<br /></em><br />Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of &lsquo;employment&rsquo; includes in itself &lsquo;self-&rsquo; as well as &lsquo;wage employment&rsquo;. Within the category of &lsquo;self-employed&rsquo;, the survey also counts those engaged in &lsquo;unpaid family labour&rsquo;.<br /><br />The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison.<br /><br />The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%.<br /><br />When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women&rsquo;s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/jobless-growth-becomes-more-systemic/article28391822.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>'
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$site_title = 'im4change'
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Jobless growth becomes more systemic -KP Kannan & G Raveendran

-The Hindu Earlier confined largely to the organised sector, it has now spread to other areas, as revealed by the latest survey results The findings of the latest employment survey, called the Periodic Labour Force Survey (2017-18), are a cause for concern as the scenario is still far from anything that would denote decent employment. The two biggest issues here are: the shrinking share of the labour force; and the rising unemployment. The labour force participation rate (% of people working or seeking work in the above-15 years age category) in the earlier survey of 2012 was 55.5%. This has shrunk to 49.7% in 2018. There is an absolute decline in the number of workers from 467.7 million in 2012 to 461.5 million in 2018. Multiple dimensions Recent attempts by some to create an impression that self-employment has not been captured by the National Sample Survey is absolutely false since the definition of ‘employment’ includes in itself ‘self-’ as well as ‘wage employment’. Within the category of ‘self-employed’, the survey also counts those engaged in ‘unpaid family labour’. The figure for the overall unemployment rate at 6.1% is 2.77 times the same figure for 2012. A few experts have raised doubts about comparability of estimates between the two periods though we feel that they are not substantial issues that prevent anyone from a judicious comparison. The rise in overall unemployment has both locational and gender dimensions. The highest unemployment rate of a severe nature was among the urban women at 10.8%; followed by urban men at 7.1%; rural men at 5.8%; and rural women at 3.8%. When we ignore the location of residence, we find that severe unemployment among men at 6.2% was higher than among women at 5.7%. However, given the sharp decline in women’s labour force participation rate, they have been losing out heavily due to the double whammy of exclusion from the labour force and an inability to access employment when included in the labour force. The decline in women’s labour force participation from 31% to 24% means that India is among the countries with the lowest participation of women in the labour force. Please click here to read more.