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Kolhapur jaggery turns bitter on shortage of labour, sugarcane -Rahul Wadke

-The Hindu Business Line

Mumbai: Navi Mumbai-based 65-year-old homemaker Swati Bhatt has been unhappy with the way she has been cooking puran poli (sweet flat bread) over the last one year. The reason: Kolhapuri jaggery, an essential ingredient in the dish, is in short-supply in the market.

Jaggery from other States, or for that matter palm jaggery, does not lend the original taste to the Maharashtrian delicacy.

This variety of jaggery is made in Kolhapur district of western Maharashtra, which is the sugar capital of the State. It is preferred by customers across the country because of the unique taste and aroma.

Just like Darjeeling tea, the jaggery has been conferred with Geographical Indication tag by the Geographical Indications Registry, which is covered under Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement.

But today the 300-crore jaggery-making market in Kolhapur is in trouble. Of the 1,250 jaggery making units only about 400 are operational. The units are facing problems due to chronic labour shortage and shortage of sugarcane. Since most of the units fall in the small and medium enterprises sector they lack the muscle to sustain their losses and continue operations.

A Kolhapur-based farmer and entrepreneur Pratap Chiplunkar who was running a jaggery making unit for the last two decades, closed his unit in 2011.

Chiplunkar told BusinessLine that in the current market conditions, sugar mills in the State are paying about 2,500 a tonne, while jaggery making units pay about 2,700-2,800. On the other hand, the farmers also have to bear the cost of sugarcane transportation, which works out to 400-500 a tonne. In effect, the farmer makes lesser money by selling his sugarcane to the units, he said.

Due to various employment guarantee schemes, labourers too are in short-supply. Even a small jaggery making unit requires at least 25 workers, who have to be employed on contract during the jaggery making season, which usually runs from October to February. "Many workers enter into multiple contracts, take advance money and simply disappear," Chiplunkar said.

Jaggery making is a tedious business as it requires crushed sugarcane juice to be boiled to 1,000 degrees Celsius in large open pans. At times, chemicals are also added to give distinct colour. Workers need to continuously stir the juice, so that it congeals into a syrup and ultimately solidifies into jaggery.

As alternative and less labour-intensive jobs are available in the market, workers do not want to stand near the heat, fumes and grime in the units.

Bakshi Ram, Director of Coimbatore-based Sugarcane Breeding Institute, said that farmers are also reluctant to sell their produce to units which delay payments. Many units use old technologies for jaggery making which are not efficient. Along with automation if jaggery is made without using chemicals, then it could get a new life as a health food, he said.