Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India&amp;rsquo;s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022.&lt;/p&gt;

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Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed

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                <strong>Lessons from COVID-19: Need better demand estimation factors to provide housing for all -Rajneesh Sareen and Mitashi Singh</strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-Down to Earth</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In April 2021, the country had a deja-vu: Migrant workers flocked inter-state bus terminuses a few hours after a lockdown was announced in Delhi on April 19.</p><p style="text-align:justify">This situation is a precarious reminder of the unaffordability and housing gap in our cities. In the event of a lockdown, the population belonging to the lower rungs of the economic ladder is forced to abandon the city and revert to the primary sector economy.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot.</p><p style="text-align:justify">By June 2020, for instance, 2.1 million workers returned home to Uttar Pradesh; and 1 million to Bihar. Maharashtra government said 1.1 million people left the state; West Bengal claimed about 0.4 million were still stranded; and Karnataka arranged for the return of 0.3 million workers.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India&rsquo;s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) had established a demand of 18.78 million houses in 2012, in the backdrop of which PMAY-U was launched in 2015. The target under PMAY-U stabilised at 11.2 million dwelling units in 2020 based on a demand survey conducted at city level.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199" title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199">click here</a> to read more.</p>               </font>
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.&lt;/p&gt;

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Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed

India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed..."/>
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                <strong>Lessons from COVID-19: Need better demand estimation factors to provide housing for all -Rajneesh Sareen and Mitashi Singh</strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-Down to Earth</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In April 2021, the country had a deja-vu: Migrant workers flocked inter-state bus terminuses a few hours after a lockdown was announced in Delhi on April 19.</p><p style="text-align:justify">This situation is a precarious reminder of the unaffordability and housing gap in our cities. In the event of a lockdown, the population belonging to the lower rungs of the economic ladder is forced to abandon the city and revert to the primary sector economy.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot.</p><p style="text-align:justify">By June 2020, for instance, 2.1 million workers returned home to Uttar Pradesh; and 1 million to Bihar. Maharashtra government said 1.1 million people left the state; West Bengal claimed about 0.4 million were still stranded; and Karnataka arranged for the return of 0.3 million workers.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India&rsquo;s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) had established a demand of 18.78 million houses in 2012, in the backdrop of which PMAY-U was launched in 2015. The target under PMAY-U stabilised at 11.2 million dwelling units in 2020 based on a demand survey conducted at city level.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199" title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199">click here</a> to read more.</p>               </font>
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;This situation is a precarious reminder of the unaffordability and housing gap in our cities. In the event of a lockdown, the population belonging to the lower rungs of the economic ladder is forced to abandon the city and revert to the primary sector economy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;By June 2020, for instance, 2.1 million workers returned home to Uttar Pradesh; and 1 million to Bihar. Maharashtra government said 1.1 million people left the state; West Bengal claimed about 0.4 million were still stranded; and Karnataka arranged for the return of 0.3 million workers.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India&amp;rsquo;s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) had established a demand of 18.78 million houses in 2012, in the backdrop of which PMAY-U was launched in 2015. The target under PMAY-U stabilised at 11.2 million dwelling units in 2020 based on a demand survey conducted at city level.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;This situation is a precarious reminder of the unaffordability and housing gap in our cities. In the event of a lockdown, the population belonging to the lower rungs of the economic ladder is forced to abandon the city and revert to the primary sector economy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;By June 2020, for instance, 2.1 million workers returned home to Uttar Pradesh; and 1 million to Bihar. Maharashtra government said 1.1 million people left the state; West Bengal claimed about 0.4 million were still stranded; and Karnataka arranged for the return of 0.3 million workers.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India&amp;rsquo;s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) had established a demand of 18.78 million houses in 2012, in the backdrop of which PMAY-U was launched in 2015. The target under PMAY-U stabilised at 11.2 million dwelling units in 2020 based on a demand survey conducted at city level.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/p&gt;
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Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed

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Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed

India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed..."/>
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                <strong>Lessons from COVID-19: Need better demand estimation factors to provide housing for all -Rajneesh Sareen and Mitashi Singh</strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-Down to Earth</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In April 2021, the country had a deja-vu: Migrant workers flocked inter-state bus terminuses a few hours after a lockdown was announced in Delhi on April 19.</p><p style="text-align:justify">This situation is a precarious reminder of the unaffordability and housing gap in our cities. In the event of a lockdown, the population belonging to the lower rungs of the economic ladder is forced to abandon the city and revert to the primary sector economy.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot.</p><p style="text-align:justify">By June 2020, for instance, 2.1 million workers returned home to Uttar Pradesh; and 1 million to Bihar. Maharashtra government said 1.1 million people left the state; West Bengal claimed about 0.4 million were still stranded; and Karnataka arranged for the return of 0.3 million workers.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India&rsquo;s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) had established a demand of 18.78 million houses in 2012, in the backdrop of which PMAY-U was launched in 2015. The target under PMAY-U stabilised at 11.2 million dwelling units in 2020 based on a demand survey conducted at city level.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199" title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199">click here</a> to read more.</p>               </font>
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<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">In April 2021, the country had a deja-vu: Migrant workers flocked inter-state bus terminuses a few hours after a lockdown was announced in Delhi on April 19.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">This situation is a precarious reminder of the unaffordability and housing gap in our cities. In the event of a lockdown, the population belonging to the lower rungs of the economic ladder is forced to abandon the city and revert to the primary sector economy.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">By June 2020, for instance, 2.1 million workers returned home to Uttar Pradesh; and 1 million to Bihar. Maharashtra government said 1.1 million people left the state; West Bengal claimed about 0.4 million were still stranded; and Karnataka arranged for the return of 0.3 million workers.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India&rsquo;s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) had established a demand of 18.78 million houses in 2012, in the backdrop of which PMAY-U was launched in 2015. The target under PMAY-U stabilised at 11.2 million dwelling units in 2020 based on a demand survey conducted at city level.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199">click here</a> to read more.</p>
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Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed

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<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">In April 2021, the country had a deja-vu: Migrant workers flocked inter-state bus terminuses a few hours after a lockdown was announced in Delhi on April 19.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">This situation is a precarious reminder of the unaffordability and housing gap in our cities. In the event of a lockdown, the population belonging to the lower rungs of the economic ladder is forced to abandon the city and revert to the primary sector economy.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">By June 2020, for instance, 2.1 million workers returned home to Uttar Pradesh; and 1 million to Bihar. Maharashtra government said 1.1 million people left the state; West Bengal claimed about 0.4 million were still stranded; and Karnataka arranged for the return of 0.3 million workers.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India&rsquo;s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) had established a demand of 18.78 million houses in 2012, in the backdrop of which PMAY-U was launched in 2015. The target under PMAY-U stabilised at 11.2 million dwelling units in 2020 based on a demand survey conducted at city level.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199">click here</a> to read more.</p>
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$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Lessons from COVID-19: Need better demand estimation factors to provide housing for all -Rajneesh Sareen and Mitashi Singh'
$metaKeywords = 'Housing for all,Access to shelter,Pavement Dwellers,Migrant workers,Migrant Labourers,Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban,PMAY-U'
$metaDesc = '-Down to Earth

Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed

India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed...'
$disp = '<p style="text-align:justify">-Down to Earth</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million.</p><p style="text-align:justify">In April 2021, the country had a deja-vu: Migrant workers flocked inter-state bus terminuses a few hours after a lockdown was announced in Delhi on April 19.</p><p style="text-align:justify">This situation is a precarious reminder of the unaffordability and housing gap in our cities. In the event of a lockdown, the population belonging to the lower rungs of the economic ladder is forced to abandon the city and revert to the primary sector economy.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot.</p><p style="text-align:justify">By June 2020, for instance, 2.1 million workers returned home to Uttar Pradesh; and 1 million to Bihar. Maharashtra government said 1.1 million people left the state; West Bengal claimed about 0.4 million were still stranded; and Karnataka arranged for the return of 0.3 million workers.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India&rsquo;s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) had established a demand of 18.78 million houses in 2012, in the backdrop of which PMAY-U was launched in 2015. The target under PMAY-U stabilised at 11.2 million dwelling units in 2020 based on a demand survey conducted at city level.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199" title="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/urbanisation/lessons-from-covid-19-need-better-demand-estimation-factors-to-provide-housing-for-all-77199">click here</a> to read more.</p>'
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Lessons from COVID-19: Need better demand estimation factors to provide housing for all -Rajneesh Sareen and Mitashi Singh

-Down to Earth Physical distancing as well as home quarantining have changed the housing standardisation game; an overhaul is needed India witnessed a mass exodus of migrant workers in April 2020: Nearly 40 million migrant workers were affected by the lockdown imposed to curb the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Bank. Some estimates pegged the figure at 120-140 million. In April 2021, the country had a deja-vu: Migrant workers flocked inter-state bus terminuses a few hours after a lockdown was announced in Delhi on April 19. This situation is a precarious reminder of the unaffordability and housing gap in our cities. In the event of a lockdown, the population belonging to the lower rungs of the economic ladder is forced to abandon the city and revert to the primary sector economy. Reverse migration showed that the ongoing housing schemes may not be capturing the chunk of population from the economically weaker segment. The actual housing demand in large cities was seen only when hordes of migrant workers started their journey towards home afoot. By June 2020, for instance, 2.1 million workers returned home to Uttar Pradesh; and 1 million to Bihar. Maharashtra government said 1.1 million people left the state; West Bengal claimed about 0.4 million were still stranded; and Karnataka arranged for the return of 0.3 million workers. The on-ground housing demand, hence, outnumbers the figures identified by the formal housing schemes. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban (PMAY-U) is India’s flagship housing scheme that aims to provide a house to every Indian citizen by 2022. The Technical Group on Urban Housing Shortage (TG-12) had established a demand of 18.78 million houses in 2012, in the backdrop of which PMAY-U was launched in 2015. The target under PMAY-U stabilised at 11.2 million dwelling units in 2020 based on a demand survey conducted at city level. Please click here to read more.