Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 73,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'catslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 73,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'catslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
$message = 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
$stackFrame = (int) 1
$trace = [
	(int) 0 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ServerRequest.php',
		'line' => (int) 2421,
		'function' => 'deprecationWarning',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead.'
		]
	],
	(int) 1 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
		'line' => (int) 74,
		'function' => 'offsetGet',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
		]
	],
	(int) 2 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Controller/Controller.php',
		'line' => (int) 610,
		'function' => 'printArticle',
		'class' => 'App\Controller\ArtileDetailController',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 3 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 120,
		'function' => 'invokeAction',
		'class' => 'Cake\Controller\Controller',
		'object' => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	],
	(int) 4 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php',
		'line' => (int) 94,
		'function' => '_invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(App\Controller\ArtileDetailController) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 5 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/BaseApplication.php',
		'line' => (int) 235,
		'function' => 'dispatch',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 6 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\BaseApplication',
		'object' => object(App\Application) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 7 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 162,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 8 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 9 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 88,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 10 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 11 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php',
		'line' => (int) 96,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 12 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 65,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware',
		'object' => object(Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 13 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Runner.php',
		'line' => (int) 51,
		'function' => '__invoke',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 14 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Http/Server.php',
		'line' => (int) 98,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Runner',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Runner) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => [
			(int) 0 => object(Cake\Http\MiddlewareQueue) {},
			(int) 1 => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {},
			(int) 2 => object(Cake\Http\Response) {}
		]
	],
	(int) 15 => [
		'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/webroot/index.php',
		'line' => (int) 39,
		'function' => 'run',
		'class' => 'Cake\Http\Server',
		'object' => object(Cake\Http\Server) {},
		'type' => '->',
		'args' => []
	]
]
$frame = [
	'file' => '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php',
	'line' => (int) 74,
	'function' => 'offsetGet',
	'class' => 'Cake\Http\ServerRequest',
	'object' => object(Cake\Http\ServerRequest) {
		trustProxy => false
		[protected] params => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] data => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] query => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] cookies => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _environment => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] url => 'latest-news-updates/low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma/print'
		[protected] base => ''
		[protected] webroot => '/'
		[protected] here => '/latest-news-updates/low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma/print'
		[protected] trustedProxies => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] _input => null
		[protected] _detectors => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] _detectorCache => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] stream => object(Zend\Diactoros\PhpInputStream) {}
		[protected] uri => object(Zend\Diactoros\Uri) {}
		[protected] session => object(Cake\Http\Session) {}
		[protected] attributes => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] emulatedAttributes => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
		[protected] uploadedFiles => [[maximum depth reached]]
		[protected] protocol => null
		[protected] requestTarget => null
		[private] deprecatedProperties => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	},
	'type' => '->',
	'args' => [
		(int) 0 => 'artileslug'
	]
]
deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 63790,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Newsclick.in, 18 September, 2022, https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 63790,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;Regular Salaried Jobs,Real Wages,Wage Growth,Effetive demand&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot; title=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 63790,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Newsclick.in, 18 September, 2022, https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 63790
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;Regular Salaried Jobs,Real Wages,Wage Growth,Effetive demand&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot; title=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma  | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma </strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <p style="text-align:justify">-Newsclick.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&rsquo;s homilies to India&rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI" title="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$maxBufferLength = (int) 8192
$file = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php'
$line = (int) 853
$message = 'Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853'
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148]
Code Context
            $response->getStatusCode(),

            ($reasonPhrase ? ' ' . $reasonPhrase : '')

        ));
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 63790,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Newsclick.in, 18 September, 2022, https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 63790,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;Regular Salaried Jobs,Real Wages,Wage Growth,Effetive demand&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot; title=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 63790,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Newsclick.in, 18 September, 2022, https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 63790
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;Regular Salaried Jobs,Real Wages,Wage Growth,Effetive demand&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot; title=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma  | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma </strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <p style="text-align:justify">-Newsclick.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&rsquo;s homilies to India&rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI" title="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$reasonPhrase = 'OK'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 54
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

Warning (2): Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:853) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181]
Code Context
                    $value

                ), $first);

                $first = false;
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

	'status' => (int) 200,
	'contentType' => 'text/html',
	'headers' => [
		'Content-Type' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		]
	],
	'file' => null,
	'fileRange' => [],
	'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
	'cacheDirectives' => [],
	'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67f0bdad8cff3-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
$dataForView = [
	&#039;article_current&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 63790,
		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Newsclick.in, 18 September, 2022, https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&#039;,
		&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
		&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
		&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma&#039;,
		&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
		&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
		&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
		&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
		&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [[maximum depth reached]],
		&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;
	
	},
	&#039;articleid&#039; =&gt; (int) 63790,
	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;,
	&#039;metaKeywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;Regular Salaried Jobs,Real Wages,Wage Growth,Effetive demand&#039;,
	&#039;metaDesc&#039; =&gt; &#039;-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot; title=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;English&#039;,
	&#039;SITE_URL&#039; =&gt; &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;,
	&#039;site_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;im4change&#039;,
	&#039;adminprix&#039; =&gt; &#039;admin&#039;
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 63790,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Newsclick.in, 18 September, 2022, https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&#039;,
	&#039;article_img&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;article_img_thumb&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;status&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;show_on_home&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;lang&#039; =&gt; &#039;EN&#039;,
	&#039;category_id&#039; =&gt; (int) 16,
	&#039;tag_keyword&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;seo_url&#039; =&gt; &#039;low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma&#039;,
	&#039;meta_title&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_keywords&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;meta_description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;noindex&#039; =&gt; (int) 1,
	&#039;publish_date&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	&#039;most_visit_section_id&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;article_big_img&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;liveid&#039; =&gt; null,
	&#039;created&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;modified&#039; =&gt; object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	&#039;edate&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;tags&#039; =&gt; [
		(int) 0 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 =&gt; object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	&#039;category&#039; =&gt; object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	&#039;[new]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[accessible]&#039; =&gt; [
		&#039;*&#039; =&gt; true,
		&#039;id&#039; =&gt; false
	],
	&#039;[dirty]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[original]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[virtual]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[hasErrors]&#039; =&gt; false,
	&#039;[errors]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[invalid]&#039; =&gt; [],
	&#039;[repository]&#039; =&gt; &#039;Articles&#039;

}
$articleid = (int) 63790
$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma &#039;
$metaKeywords = &#039;Regular Salaried Jobs,Real Wages,Wage Growth,Effetive demand&#039;
$metaDesc = &#039;-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-Newsclick.in&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &amp;ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &amp;ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&amp;rsquo;s homilies to India&amp;rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&amp;rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&amp;rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot; title=&quot;https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
$lang = &#039;English&#039;
$SITE_URL = &#039;https://im4change.in/&#039;
$site_title = &#039;im4change&#039;
$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51</pre></div></pre>latest-news-updates/low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma.html"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
    <link href="https://im4change.in/css/control.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
          media="all"/>
    <title>LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma  | Im4change.org</title>
    <meta name="description" content="-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings..."/>
    <script src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://im4change.in/js/jquery-migrate.min.js"></script>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function () {
            var img = $("img")[0]; // Get my img elem
            var pic_real_width, pic_real_height;
            $("<img/>") // Make in memory copy of image to avoid css issues
                .attr("src", $(img).attr("src"))
                .load(function () {
                    pic_real_width = this.width;   // Note: $(this).width() will not
                    pic_real_height = this.height; // work for in memory images.
                });
        });
    </script>
    <style type="text/css">
        @media screen {
            div.divFooter {
                display: block;
            }
        }

        @media print {
            .printbutton {
                display: none !important;
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="98%" align="center">
    <tr>
        <td class="top_bg">
            <div class="divFooter">
                <img src="https://im4change.in/images/logo1.jpg" height="59" border="0"
                     alt="Resource centre on India's rural distress" style="padding-top:14px;"/>
            </div>

        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="topspace">&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr id="topspace">
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-bottom:1px solid #000; padding-top:10px;" class="printbutton">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td width="100%">
            <h1 class="news_headlines" style="font-style:normal">
                <strong>Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma </strong></h1>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" style="font-family:Arial, 'Segoe Script', 'Segoe UI', sans-serif, serif"><font size="3">
                <p style="text-align:justify">-Newsclick.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&rsquo;s homilies to India&rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI" title="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
        </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
        <td height="50" style="border-top:1px solid #000; border-bottom:1px solid #000;padding-top:10px;">
            <form><input type="button" value=" Print this page "
                         onclick="window.print();return false;"/></form>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table></body>
</html>'

}
$cookies = []
$values = [
	(int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
]
$name = 'Content-Type'
$first = true
$value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitHeaders() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 181
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 55
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 141
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 39

<head>

    <link rel="canonical" href="<?php echo Configure::read('SITE_URL'); ?><?php echo $urlPrefix;?><?php echo $article_current->category->slug; ?>/<?php echo $article_current->seo_url; ?>.html"/>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>

$viewFile = '/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp'
$dataForView = [
	'article_current' => object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

		'id' => (int) 63790,
		'title' => 'Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma ',
		'subheading' => null,
		'description' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-Newsclick.in</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&rsquo;s homilies to India&rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
',
		'credit_writer' => 'Newsclick.in, 18 September, 2022, https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI',
		'article_img' => '',
		'article_img_thumb' => '',
		'status' => (int) 1,
		'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
		'lang' => 'EN',
		'category_id' => (int) 16,
		'tag_keyword' => '',
		'seo_url' => 'low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma',
		'meta_title' => '',
		'meta_keywords' => '',
		'meta_description' => '',
		'noindex' => (int) 1,
		'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		'most_visit_section_id' => null,
		'article_big_img' => null,
		'liveid' => null,
		'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'edate' => '',
		'tags' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[hasErrors]' => false,
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'Articles'
	
	},
	'articleid' => (int) 63790,
	'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma ',
	'metaKeywords' => 'Regular Salaried Jobs,Real Wages,Wage Growth,Effetive demand',
	'metaDesc' => '-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings...',
	'disp' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-Newsclick.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&rsquo;s homilies to India&rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI" title="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>',
	'lang' => 'English',
	'SITE_URL' => 'https://im4change.in/',
	'site_title' => 'im4change',
	'adminprix' => 'admin'
]
$article_current = object(App\Model\Entity\Article) {

	'id' => (int) 63790,
	'title' => 'Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma ',
	'subheading' => null,
	'description' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-Newsclick.in</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&rsquo;s homilies to India&rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
',
	'credit_writer' => 'Newsclick.in, 18 September, 2022, https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI',
	'article_img' => '',
	'article_img_thumb' => '',
	'status' => (int) 1,
	'show_on_home' => (int) 1,
	'lang' => 'EN',
	'category_id' => (int) 16,
	'tag_keyword' => '',
	'seo_url' => 'low-incomes-haunt-india-s-growth-subodh-varma',
	'meta_title' => '',
	'meta_keywords' => '',
	'meta_description' => '',
	'noindex' => (int) 1,
	'publish_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
	'most_visit_section_id' => null,
	'article_big_img' => null,
	'liveid' => null,
	'created' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
	'edate' => '',
	'tags' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'category' => object(App\Model\Entity\Category) {},
	'[new]' => false,
	'[accessible]' => [
		'*' => true,
		'id' => false
	],
	'[dirty]' => [],
	'[original]' => [],
	'[virtual]' => [],
	'[hasErrors]' => false,
	'[errors]' => [],
	'[invalid]' => [],
	'[repository]' => 'Articles'

}
$articleid = (int) 63790
$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma '
$metaKeywords = 'Regular Salaried Jobs,Real Wages,Wage Growth,Effetive demand'
$metaDesc = '-Newsclick.in

Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.

Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings...'
$disp = '<p style="text-align:justify">-Newsclick.in</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation &ndash; provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them.</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower &ndash; around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman&rsquo;s homilies to India&rsquo;s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don&rsquo;t have the buying power in their hands.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week&rsquo;s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI" title="https://www.newsclick.in/Low-Incomes-Haunt-India-Growth?fbclid=IwAR3hQEcHQF0BuCMCvmNRvy5cQeLjgB22hTomQ-TWNBvINv3x0eOwcjhWXqI">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>'
$lang = 'English'
$SITE_URL = 'https://im4change.in/'
$site_title = 'im4change'
$adminprix = 'admin'

include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51

Low Incomes Haunt India’s Growth -Subodh Varma

-Newsclick.in Three transformative steps could dramatically change this dire situation – provided Modi Govt. has the will to take them. Wage growth of households has declined from 8.2% in 2012-2016 to 5.7% in 2017-2021, according to a fresh study by a ratings agency. It will actually be even lower – around 1% - if inflation is taken into account. This slowing down of wage growth has happened in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, wages grew at a meagre 2.8%, while in urban areas, the increase was 5.5%. Once adjusted to prevailing inflation, these growth rates turn negative. In rural areas, inflation-adjusted wage growth was reportedly (-) 3.7%, while in urban areas, it was (-) 1.6%. This means that real wages declined during 2017-21. Despite the celebration of higher economic growth in recent months, declining incomes mean that people at large do not have sufficient buying power in their hands. These households contribute substantially to economic output, making up 44-45% of Gross Value Added (GVA). Persistent low incomes mean their contribution to aggregate demand is going to be very low. This, in turn, means that the chances of any economic recovery are dim because there will not be sufficient demand in the economy. Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman’s homilies to India’s corporate sector to invest more (and thus create more jobs) are going to fall on deaf ears because the corporate sector is enjoying all the concessions and tax cuts that the Modi government has offered without having to invest more. It will not invest more because who will buy? People just don’t have the buying power in their hands. SCARCE REGULAR SALARIED JOBS The government has discontinued the publication of consumer expenditure surveys that would be a proxy for household incomes. However, the Periodic Labour Force Surveys (PLFS) do give estimates of the earnings of the three basic types of workers based on their recall of the preceding week’s work status. These three categories are regular salaried workers, casual daily wage earners and self-employed persons. The latest PLFS annual report published in June this year covers the period April 2020 to March 2021. According to this report, in rural areas, the predominant share of households (55%) is self-employed, largely in agriculture. This is followed by casual labour (24%), which is often seasonal and irregular work on daily wages. Regular, salaried workers make up just 13% of rural households.  Please click here to read more.