Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f9661099be6-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f9661099be6-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f9661099be6-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f9661099be6-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f9661099be6-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f9661099be6-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f9661099be6-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f9661099be6-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rajsamand, Rajasthan: &lt;/em&gt;The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&amp;#39;s family also joined the movement.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&amp;#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &amp;quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&amp;quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal&amp;#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rajsamand, Rajasthan: &lt;/em&gt;The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&amp;#39;s family also joined the movement.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &amp;quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&amp;quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal&amp;#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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                <strong>MGNREGA: The Last And Often The Only Resort For Indian Women -Sunaina Kumar</strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-IndiaSpend.com</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Rajsamand, Rajasthan: </em>The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&#39;s family also joined the movement.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.</p><p style="text-align:justify">This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.</p><p style="text-align:justify">When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal&#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo" title="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rajsamand, Rajasthan: &lt;/em&gt;The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&amp;#39;s family also joined the movement.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&amp;#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &amp;quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&amp;quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal&amp;#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rajsamand, Rajasthan: &lt;/em&gt;The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&amp;#39;s family also joined the movement.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&amp;#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &amp;quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&amp;quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal&amp;#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work

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Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work

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                <strong>MGNREGA: The Last And Often The Only Resort For Indian Women -Sunaina Kumar</strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-IndiaSpend.com</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Rajsamand, Rajasthan: </em>The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&#39;s family also joined the movement.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.</p><p style="text-align:justify">This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.</p><p style="text-align:justify">When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal&#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo" title="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rajsamand, Rajasthan: &lt;/em&gt;The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&amp;#39;s family also joined the movement.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&amp;#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &amp;quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&amp;quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal&amp;#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work

Rajsamand,...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;-IndiaSpend.com&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rajsamand, Rajasthan: &lt;/em&gt;The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&amp;#39;s family also joined the movement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&amp;#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &amp;quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&amp;quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal&amp;#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo&quot; title=&quot;https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rajsamand, Rajasthan: &lt;/em&gt;The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&amp;#39;s family also joined the movement.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&amp;#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &amp;quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&amp;quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Chanchal&amp;#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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                <strong>MGNREGA: The Last And Often The Only Resort For Indian Women -Sunaina Kumar</strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-IndiaSpend.com</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Rajsamand, Rajasthan: </em>The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&#39;s family also joined the movement.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.</p><p style="text-align:justify">This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.</p><p style="text-align:justify">When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal&#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo" title="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Rajsamand, Rajasthan: </em>The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&#39;s family also joined the movement.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal&#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
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Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work

Rajsamand,...',
	'disp' => '<p style="text-align:justify">-IndiaSpend.com</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Rajsamand, Rajasthan: </em>The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&#39;s family also joined the movement.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.</p><p style="text-align:justify">This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.</p><p style="text-align:justify">When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal&#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo" title="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>',
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<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Rajsamand, Rajasthan: </em>The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&#39;s family also joined the movement.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal&#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
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Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work

Rajsamand,...'
$disp = '<p style="text-align:justify">-IndiaSpend.com</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work</em></p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Rajsamand, Rajasthan: </em>The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal&#39;s family also joined the movement.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world&#39;s largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s.</p><p style="text-align:justify">This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. &quot;Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families,&quot; Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old.</p><p style="text-align:justify">When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Chanchal&#39;s appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo" title="https://www.indiaspend.com/womenwork/mgnrega-the-last-and-often-the-only-resort-for-indian-women-832446?fbclid=IwAR3ftAqG47G-KdiQk2lUpj0p9u7fRnYZq2rpN71j2nE8KsoMHuMbXCzweOo">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>'
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MGNREGA: The Last And Often The Only Resort For Indian Women -Sunaina Kumar

-IndiaSpend.com Even as the rural employment programme provides low wages, it is a source of income and opportunity for women who have few other avenues of work in rural India and face barriers in migrating out of the village for work Rajsamand, Rajasthan: The year that Chanchal Kumari was born was the year of the drought in Rajasthan--2002. For two years, the state had a severe water shortage--no water for drinking or even sowing the crops, the cattle perishing. Her family was on the brink of hunger. Her father, Raju Singh, a wage worker, had to leave their village to look for work outside the state. As livelihoods collapsed all around, the clamour for an employment generation programme grew. Chanchal's family also joined the movement. Chanchal is from Rajsamand district in southern Rajasthan, which has a history of social mobilisation driven by grassroots organisations. The district has led the campaigns for the right to information and the right to work. It was the latter campaign that culminated with the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (earlier known as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005. MGNREGA, the world's largest employment guarantee programme, drew inspiration from the Employment Guarantee Scheme, which was introduced in Maharashtra after a period of drought in the 1970s. This year too, the region has received very little rainfall. "Without Nrega, we would not be able to survive. It helps women feed their families," Chanchal said with a self-assurance that is unusual in a 20-year-old. When IndiaSpend met Chanchal in July, she was supervising the digging of trenches for conserving rainwater during the monsoon. Since the past year, she has been working as a MGNREGA mate, or worksite supervisor. Her four brothers work in the catering sector in cities in Gujarat. As a mate, it is her job to record the attendance of workers on an application on her mobile phone and allot work on a daily basis. There were nearly 80 workers at the digging site, over 70 of them women armed with pickaxes. Chanchal's appointment as a mate is part of an innovation introduced recently in states like Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan to appoint more women as MGNREGA mates and put them at the front and centre of the programme in which women participate in higher numbers than men. In 2021-22, women constituted 54.54% of the MGNREGA workforce, according to the Ministry of Rural Development. And yet, mate positions at worksites have always been appropriated by men who control funds and decision-making. Please click here to read more.