Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
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		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi&#039;,
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-The Indian Express
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&lt;br /&gt;
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An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.
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Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.
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&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.
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The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.
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&lt;br /&gt;
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Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.
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&lt;br /&gt;
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Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.
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&lt;br /&gt;
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The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.
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&lt;br /&gt;
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The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Participation of Muslims relatively low in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education
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&lt;br /&gt;
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Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Participation of Muslims relatively low in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi&#039;,
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-The Indian Express
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Participation of Muslims relatively low in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Participation of Muslims relatively low in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than..."/>
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                <strong>Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi</strong></h1>
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                <div style="text-align: justify">-The Indian Express</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&rsquo; &mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &lsquo;anti-nationalist&rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&rdquo; the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Non availability of credit &mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report points out &ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>IN FINE PRINT</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Participation of Muslims relatively low in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market</div>               </font>
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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f2b5a271c0d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
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		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.
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&lt;br /&gt;
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The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Participation of Muslims relatively low in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Participation of Muslims relatively low in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi&#039;,
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	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
-The Indian Express
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Participation of Muslims relatively low in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market
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$metaTitle = &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi&#039;
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Participation of Muslims relatively low in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than..."/>
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                <strong>Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi</strong></h1>
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                <div style="text-align: justify">-The Indian Express</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&rsquo; &mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &lsquo;anti-nationalist&rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&rdquo; the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Non availability of credit &mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report points out &ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>IN FINE PRINT</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Participation of Muslims relatively low in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market</div>               </font>
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		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi&#039;,
		&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Participation of Muslims relatively low in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Participation of Muslims relatively low in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 17451,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi&#039;,
	&#039;subheading&#039; =&gt; &#039;&#039;,
	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
-The Indian Express
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Participation of Muslims relatively low in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &amp;ldquo;unfairness&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;discrimination&amp;rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&amp;rsquo; &amp;mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &amp;ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &amp;lsquo;anti-nationalist&amp;rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&amp;rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&amp;rdquo; the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Non availability of credit &amp;mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &amp;mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &amp;ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report points out &amp;ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&amp;rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &amp;ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&amp;rdquo; it says.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;IN FINE PRINT&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Participation of Muslims relatively low in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than..."/>
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                <strong>Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi</strong></h1>
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                <div style="text-align: justify">-The Indian Express</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&rsquo; &mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &lsquo;anti-nationalist&rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&rdquo; the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Non availability of credit &mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report points out &ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>IN FINE PRINT</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Participation of Muslims relatively low in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market</div>               </font>
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		'title' => 'Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi',
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		'description' => '<div style="text-align: justify">
-The Indian Express
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
&lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&rsquo; &mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &lsquo;anti-nationalist&rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
&ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&rdquo; the study says.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Non availability of credit &mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&rdquo; it says.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report points out &ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&rdquo; it says.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<em>IN FINE PRINT</em>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Participation of Muslims relatively low in education
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
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Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education
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Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market
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	'metaTitle' => 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi',
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than...',
	'disp' => '<div style="text-align: justify">-The Indian Express</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&rsquo; &mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &lsquo;anti-nationalist&rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&rdquo; the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Non availability of credit &mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report points out &ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>IN FINE PRINT</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Participation of Muslims relatively low in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market</div>',
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	'title' => 'Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi',
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-The Indian Express
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
&lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&rsquo; &mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &lsquo;anti-nationalist&rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
&ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&rdquo; the study says.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Non availability of credit &mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&rdquo; it says.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report points out &ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&rdquo; it says.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<em>IN FINE PRINT</em>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Participation of Muslims relatively low in education
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market
</div>',
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-The Indian Express





An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than...'
$disp = '<div style="text-align: justify">-The Indian Express</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of &ldquo;unfairness&rdquo; and &ldquo;discrimination&rdquo; and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&lsquo;Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends&rsquo; &mdash; by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the &ldquo;double burden of being labelled as &lsquo;anti-nationalist&rsquo; and being appeased at the same time&rdquo;. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">&ldquo;Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,&rdquo; the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Non availability of credit &mdash; virtually non existent credit flow &mdash; in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. &ldquo;Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report points out &ldquo;links between economic and political spaces&rdquo; and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. &ldquo;Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,&rdquo; it says.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify"><em>IN FINE PRINT</em></div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Participation of Muslims relatively low in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market</div>'
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Muslims need quota more than Hindu OBCs: IIM-A study -Anubhuti Vishnoi

-The Indian Express An IIM-Ahmedabad analysis of education and employment amongst Muslims in the country has concluded that the minority community has a higher perception of “unfairness” and “discrimination” and that Muslims have, in fact, a stronger case for reservations than the Hindu OBCs. Incidentally, a Central government notification in December 2011 to effect 4.5 per cent minority quota in Central educational institutes was stayed by the Andhra Pradesh High Court earlier this year and is currently pending in court. ‘Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An analysis of Patterns and Trends’ — by Rakesh Basant of IIM-A says that extensive interactions with Muslims show that they carry the “double burden of being labelled as ‘anti-nationalist’ and being appeased at the same time”. Course correction, the study says, can be effected through targeted affirmative action, increased participation in governance and incentivising institutes and companies for bringing in diversity. The report notes a declining gap between Dalits, Adivasis and upper caste Hindus in primary and middle class over the last few years, However, the gap between upper caste Hindus and Muslims is still not declining. The report says that various studies opine that reservations in government employment can potentially enhance returns to educations. “Indeed, compared to Forward Caste Hindus, the access disadvantage of Muslims was considerably higher than that of Hindu OBCs. So, if the object of jobs reservation is to be extended beyond Dalits, then Muslims have a more compelling case than the Hindu OBC,” the study says. With widespread perception of alienation and discrimination amongst Muslims, especially in communally sensitive states, they are unable to exploit economic opportunities fully. Limited access to good quality schools specially affects girl students and low participation in government jobs adds to their woes. Muslims appear to largely have borne the brunt of globalisation as most of them are self-employed. Non availability of credit — virtually non existent credit flow — in Muslim concentration areas adversely affects their economic status, the study says. The report has recommended parental education as a possible criterion for affirmative action/ reservations targeted at Muslims. “Parental education provides a criterion which is essentially dynamic in nature and temporary as the status of parental education is bound to change over time,” it says. Arguing that empirical results show that participation in higher education increases with parental education, the report says that children with illiterate parents can potentially form the most backward category for affirmative action, followed by those having parents with secondary or less education and those with higher secondary education. Linking the Unique Identification Number /Aadhar number for such a criterion will further help streamline the affirmative action. The report points out “links between economic and political spaces” and calls for enhanced participation of Muslims in governance. “Nominations of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities in local level bodies as is the case in Andhra Pradesh would be a good starting point,” it says. The report also emphasises on the urgency to rationalise the delimitation procedures so that constituencies with high minority population shares are not reserved for SCs. IN FINE PRINT Participation of Muslims relatively low in education Muslim male in urban areas at bottom of the rung High dropout rate of Muslims after middle school Household INCOME and location critical determinants for Muslim participation in education Evidence suggest that Muslims do not fully appreciate rewards of education Muslims are predominantly engaged in self-employment to avoid discrimination in formal labour market