Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
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</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
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</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
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-The Telegraph&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &amp;quot;urban heat island effect&amp;quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.
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	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Telegraph&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &amp;quot;urban heat island effect&amp;quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot; title=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.
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Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
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New Delhi: Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming,..."/>
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                <div align="justify">-The Telegraph<br /><br /><em>New Delhi: </em>Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.<br /><br />Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &quot;urban heat island effect&quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.<br /><br />The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.<br /><br />The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.<br /><br />&quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.<br /><br />The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.<br /><br />Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.<br /><br />Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&deg;C.<br /><br />In some of the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&deg;C by 2050, the study says.<br /><br />About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&deg;C by 2100.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp">click here</a> to read more.</div>               </font>
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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67fc4c07e7986-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
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-The Telegraph&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &amp;quot;urban heat island effect&amp;quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.
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New Delhi: Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming,...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Telegraph&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &amp;quot;urban heat island effect&amp;quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot; title=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Telegraph&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &amp;quot;urban heat island effect&amp;quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.
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$adminprix = &#039;admin&#039;</pre><pre class="stack-trace">include - APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp, line 8
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1413
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
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Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
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-The Telegraph

New Delhi: Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming,..."/>
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                <strong>New threat: city heat -GS Mudur</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Telegraph<br /><br /><em>New Delhi: </em>Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.<br /><br />Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &quot;urban heat island effect&quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.<br /><br />The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.<br /><br />The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.<br /><br />&quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.<br /><br />The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.<br /><br />Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.<br /><br />Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&deg;C.<br /><br />In some of the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&deg;C by 2050, the study says.<br /><br />About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&deg;C by 2100.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp">click here</a> to read more.</div>               </font>
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</span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">meta&nbsp;http</span><span style="color: #007700">-</span><span style="color: #0000BB">equiv</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Content-Type"&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">content</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"text/html;&nbsp;charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #007700">/&gt;
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-The Telegraph&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &amp;quot;urban heat island effect&amp;quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.
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New Delhi: Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming,...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Telegraph&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &amp;quot;urban heat island effect&amp;quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot; title=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &amp;quot;urban heat island effect&amp;quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.
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$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Telegraph&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &amp;quot;urban heat island effect&amp;quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&amp;quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&amp;deg;C.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In some of the world&#039;s most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&amp;deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&amp;deg;C by 2050, the study says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&amp;deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&amp;deg;C by 2100.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot; title=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Telegraph

New Delhi: Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming,..."/>
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                <strong>New threat: city heat -GS Mudur</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Telegraph<br /><br /><em>New Delhi: </em>Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.<br /><br />Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &quot;urban heat island effect&quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.<br /><br />The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.<br /><br />The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.<br /><br />&quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.<br /><br />The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.<br /><br />Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.<br /><br />Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&deg;C.<br /><br />In some of the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&deg;C by 2050, the study says.<br /><br />About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&deg;C by 2100.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp">click here</a> to read more.</div>               </font>
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-The Telegraph<br />
<br />
<em>New Delhi: </em>Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.<br />
<br />
Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &quot;urban heat island effect&quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.<br />
<br />
The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.<br />
<br />
The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.<br />
<br />
&quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.<br />
<br />
The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.<br />
<br />
Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.<br />
<br />
Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&deg;C.<br />
<br />
In some of the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&deg;C by 2050, the study says.<br />
<br />
About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&deg;C by 2100.<br />
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Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170531/jsp/nation/story_154413.jsp">click here</a> to read more.
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<em>New Delhi: </em>Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today.<br />
<br />
Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the &quot;urban heat island effect&quot;, suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world.<br />
<br />
The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners.<br />
<br />
The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts.<br />
<br />
&quot;If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase,&quot; Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph.<br />
<br />
The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect.<br />
<br />
Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity.<br />
<br />
Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8&deg;C.<br />
<br />
In some of the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72&deg;C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36&deg;C by 2050, the study says.<br />
<br />
About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4&deg;C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7&deg;C by 2100.<br />
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New threat: city heat -GS Mudur

-The Telegraph New Delhi: Heat trapped by tarred roads and dense clusters of buildings may have added nearly 2 degrees to temperatures in the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi and Mumbai, over and above the effects of global warming, researchers said today. Their study, described as the first to quantify the combined impacts of global warming and the "urban heat island effect", suggests that the overheated cities will face double the climate-change costs encountered by the rest of the world. The urban heat island effect, which occurs when heat-trapping concrete and tarred roads replace natural vegetation and water, gives rise to local warming that is worsened by the presence of road traffic and air-conditioners. The study, published on Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, also suggests that city-level adaptation strategies to curb local warming may significantly amplify national and international mitigation efforts. "If no local-level actions are taken, the benefits of global actions (on climate change) could be lost by damages caused by local temperature increase," Francisco Estrada, an environmental economist at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and study team member, told The Telegraph. The study suggests that city-level measures such as designing pavements and rooftops that reflect sunlight, placing greenery on rooftops, and adding vegetation across city landscapes could help counter the urban heat island effect. Estrada and his co-workers used computer simulations to determine how the urban heat island effect could influence the economy through effects such as increases in air pollution, higher energy demand for cooling and lowered worker productivity. Their study suggests that changing only 20 per cent of rooftops and 50 per cent of pavements in a city would help reduce average air temperature by about 0.8°C. In some of the world's most populated cities, including Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore, the urban heat island effect had added an average 1.72°C to the temperature increase from global warming by 2015, and would add another 0.36°C by 2050, the study says. About 20 per cent of the 1,692 cities worldwide considered in the study, which included over 150 cities and towns across India, could experience a total warming (over and above global warming) higher than 4°C by 2050, it says. About a quarter of these cities could warm by more than 7°C by 2100. Please click here to read more.