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NGO demands ban on use of groundwater for drinking -Bharat Khanna

-The Tribune

Call follows traces of uranium in Bathinda and adjoining districts

Bathinda: Various non-government organisations (NGOs) have demanded a ban on the use of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes as it contains a high concentration of uranium. It was in 1995 when researchers of Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, discovered the presence of uranium in groundwater.

The uranium concentration up to 15 ppb has been declared permissible by WHO but the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) set the limit at 60 ppb. Above the limit set by the AERB, groundwater can be carcinogenic and result in neurological disorders.

In November, 2013, 975 samples of water were collected from the Bathinda zone, in which the quantity of uranium was beyond the permissible limits.

In Bathinda, the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre had collected 285 samples and the uranium concentration was found to be 684.3 ppb.

The groundwater of Karamgarh Satran (644 ppb), Dhillawan (463.6 ppb), Ginna (262.65 ppb), Gudda (165.85ppb), Siryara (162ppb), Gharbri Bhaji (156.3 ppb), Chabri (151.75 ppb), Chugge Kalan (148.6 ppb), Nathana (142.5 ppb), Balluana (140.05 ppb), Aklia Kalan (132.0ppb), Ghari Bhaj (128.6 ppb), Ganga (128.4ppb), Gobindpura (127.0 ppb) and Gladad (125 ppb) villages was the most contaminated.

Similarly in Mansa district, 199 samples were tested by BARC and the highest contamination was found in Budhlada (498 ppb), Samaon village (303.2ppb), Bahadarpur (236.2PPB), Bareta (229.7ppb), Kafddhaima (208.8ppb), Akalan Kalan(204.2 ppb), Samaon (157.2ppb), Ralla (148.9ppb), Aklia (148.4 ppb), Bhikhi (145.5 ppb), Mansa (143.6ppb) and Rait (123.3 ppb) villages.

In Bathinda 684.3 ppb uranium was found followed by Mansa (579 ppb)

"We do not hold fly ash emerging from thermal plants responsible for the presence of uranium in groundwater but it's a fact that the coal used in the Bathinda thermal plant has uranium concentration up to 5 to 20 ppb," said, Dr GS Dhillon, an expert and water consultant.

"The uranium concentration in the fly ash samples collected from the Kolaghat thermal plant (West Bengal) was 8.0 to 9.77 ppb and in other thermal plants of the northern India, the uranium content found in fly ash was between 8.02 and16.44 ppm," he added.

Dhillon added that the use of groundwater for irrigation and drinking purposes should be banned as it contained heavy metals and uranium. A number of schoolchildren are still extracting groundwater through hand-pumps for drinking. The member of the joint action committee of the NGOs, MM Bahal, said, "Leaching of uranium from fly ash occurs if it gets in contact with acidic or alkaline water having pH value below 4 or above 8. In such condition, the solubility of uranium radio nuclides gets enhanced.

BARC is yet to carry out a study on fly ash emerging from the Bathinda thermal plant. So, it cannot be said with certainty that the source of contamination is fly ash or anything else. "A study should be conducted in this regard so that the source of uranium could be known," said MM Bahal.