Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
</span></span></code>
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</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
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-The Hindu Business Line
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Hindu Business Line, 4 September, 2014, http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/editorial/our-cows-and-theirs/article6380234.ece?homepage=true&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line
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&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.
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&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Hindu Business Line, 4 September, 2014, http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/editorial/our-cows-and-theirs/article6380234.ece?homepage=true&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone...&#039;
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
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-The Hindu Business Line


&nbsp;


The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone..."/>
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                <strong>Our cows and theirs</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line</div><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p><p align="justify"><em>The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them</em></p><p align="justify">India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry's latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.</p><p align="justify">Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &lsquo;western' breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country's milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.</p><p align="justify">The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren't going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &quot;in a focused and scientific manner&quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.</p><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67ef7d293faf2-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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</span></code></span>
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-The Hindu Business Line
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Hindu Business Line, 4 September, 2014, http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/editorial/our-cows-and-theirs/article6380234.ece?homepage=true&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line


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The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line
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&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;
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India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.
&lt;/p&gt;
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&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Hindu Business Line, 4 September, 2014, http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/editorial/our-cows-and-theirs/article6380234.ece?homepage=true&#039;,
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The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


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-The Hindu Business Line


&nbsp;


The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone..."/>
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                <strong>Our cows and theirs</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line</div><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p><p align="justify"><em>The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them</em></p><p align="justify">India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry's latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.</p><p align="justify">Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &lsquo;western' breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country's milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.</p><p align="justify">The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren't going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &quot;in a focused and scientific manner&quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.</p><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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-The Hindu Business Line
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.
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The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.
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&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line
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&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;India&#039;s indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry&#039;s latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &amp;lsquo;western&#039; breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country&#039;s milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren&#039;t going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &amp;quot;in a focused and scientific manner&amp;quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;
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-The Hindu Business Line


&nbsp;


The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone..."/>
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                <strong>Our cows and theirs</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line</div><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p><p align="justify"><em>The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them</em></p><p align="justify">India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry's latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.</p><p align="justify">Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &lsquo;western' breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country's milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.</p><p align="justify">The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren't going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds &quot;in a focused and scientific manner&quot;. This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.</p><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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-The Hindu Business Line
</div>
<p align="justify">
&nbsp;
</p>
<p align="justify">
<em>The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them</em>
</p>
<p align="justify">
India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry's latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.
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Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of &lsquo;western' breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country's milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era.
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The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


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-The Hindu Business Line
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&nbsp;
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<em>The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them</em>
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India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry's latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes.
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The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them


India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone...'
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Our cows and theirs

-The Hindu Business Line   The future of indigenous cattle lies in creating incentives to rear them India's indigenous cattle population has fallen by 8.9 per cent between 2007 and 2012 even as the numbers of exotic/crossbred cows and female buffaloes have gone up by 28.8 and 8 per cent respectively, according to the Agriculture Ministry's latest Livestock Census. Disturbing though this may seem to some, the trend is a reflection of rational economic choices made by farmers. Traditionally, cattle and buffaloes were reared for the following purposes - draught power for agricultural operations, dung for manure and fuel, and milk. The advent of tractors, chemical fertilisers and LPG cylinders/kerosene has undermined the first two roles; as a result, farmers use bovines mainly as milch animals. This has resulted in a premium on female animals; not surprisingly, the decline in male animals between 2007 and 2012 is much sharper at 18.8 per cent for cattle and 17.9 per cent for buffaloes. Even within females, indigenous cattle lose out not only to their crossbred counterparts that yield more milk, but also to buffaloes that produce milk with higher fat content. So, farmers find it far more attractive to maintain buffaloes and cows containing genetic material of ‘western' breeds such as Holstein Friesian and Jersey. The rising price of milk has only tilted the economics further in favour of these animals. Only a little over a fifth of the country's milk now comes from indigenous or desi cows; at the current rate of decline, they are threatened with total marginalisation. One can draw a parallel here with many of our traditional tall wheat or paddy cultivars that have been displaced by semi-dwarf high-yielding varieties in the post-Green Revolution era. The only way to arrest marginalisation of desi cattle as well as crop varieties is to make them worthwhile to rear or grow. Solutions such as strengthening laws against cattle slaughter aren't going to work; if anything, these will further disincentivise farmers as they are left with no viable mechanism for disposing animals that have either stopped giving milk or are male. A more realistic approach is to undertake systematic breeding and genetic upgradation of our finest indigenous cattle. Some of these breeds - Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir, Kankrej and Rathi - are, in fact, good milk producers. An organised effort at conservation and propagation of elite germplasm from nucleus breeding herds will go a long way in making rearing desi cattle more economical for farmers. The present government has done well to announce a new Rashtriya Gokul Mission that aims at the development, preservation and conservation of indigenous cattle breeds "in a focused and scientific manner". This, rather than appealing to religious sentiment and traditionalism, is the most effective strategy to save our endangered desi species. Their ultimate saviour can only be the humble Indian farmer.