Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
NYAY is the most ambitious of these MIG schemes. It promises annual income transfers of Rs.72,000 to each of the poorest five crore families comprising approximately 25 crore individuals. If implemented, it will cost the exchequer Rs. 3.6 lakh crore per annum.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Important questions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully

The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to...&#039;,
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&lt;em&gt;There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Important questions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully

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-The Hindu

There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully

The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to..."/>
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                <strong>Pathways to an income guarantee -Ram Singh</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully<br /></em><br />The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.<br /><br />NYAY is the most ambitious of these MIG schemes. It promises annual income transfers of Rs.72,000 to each of the poorest five crore families comprising approximately 25 crore individuals. If implemented, it will cost the exchequer Rs. 3.6 lakh crore per annum.<br /><br /><em>Important questions<br /></em><br />Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No.<br /><br />Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal.<br /><br />These groups are forced to borrow from moneylenders and adhatiyas (middlemen) at usurious rates of 24-60% per annum. For instance, for marginal and small farmers, institutional lending accounts for only about 30% of their total borrowing. The corresponding figure for landless agricultural workers is even worse at 15%. There is a strong case for direct income transfers to these groups. The additional income can reduce their indebtedness and help them get by without falling into the clutches of the moneylender.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Important questions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;em&gt;There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Important questions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Hindu

There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully

The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to..."/>
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                <strong>Pathways to an income guarantee -Ram Singh</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully<br /></em><br />The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.<br /><br />NYAY is the most ambitious of these MIG schemes. It promises annual income transfers of Rs.72,000 to each of the poorest five crore families comprising approximately 25 crore individuals. If implemented, it will cost the exchequer Rs. 3.6 lakh crore per annum.<br /><br /><em>Important questions<br /></em><br />Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No.<br /><br />Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal.<br /><br />These groups are forced to borrow from moneylenders and adhatiyas (middlemen) at usurious rates of 24-60% per annum. For instance, for marginal and small farmers, institutional lending accounts for only about 30% of their total borrowing. The corresponding figure for landless agricultural workers is even worse at 15%. There is a strong case for direct income transfers to these groups. The additional income can reduce their indebtedness and help them get by without falling into the clutches of the moneylender.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
NYAY is the most ambitious of these MIG schemes. It promises annual income transfers of Rs.72,000 to each of the poorest five crore families comprising approximately 25 crore individuals. If implemented, it will cost the exchequer Rs. 3.6 lakh crore per annum.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Important questions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal.&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Hindu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Important questions&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully

The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to...&#039;
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There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully

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                <strong>Pathways to an income guarantee -Ram Singh</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu<br /><br /><em>There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully<br /></em><br />The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.<br /><br />NYAY is the most ambitious of these MIG schemes. It promises annual income transfers of Rs.72,000 to each of the poorest five crore families comprising approximately 25 crore individuals. If implemented, it will cost the exchequer Rs. 3.6 lakh crore per annum.<br /><br /><em>Important questions<br /></em><br />Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No.<br /><br />Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal.<br /><br />These groups are forced to borrow from moneylenders and adhatiyas (middlemen) at usurious rates of 24-60% per annum. For instance, for marginal and small farmers, institutional lending accounts for only about 30% of their total borrowing. The corresponding figure for landless agricultural workers is even worse at 15%. There is a strong case for direct income transfers to these groups. The additional income can reduce their indebtedness and help them get by without falling into the clutches of the moneylender.<br /><br />Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true" title="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Hindu<br />
<br />
<em>There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully<br />
</em><br />
The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.<br />
<br />
NYAY is the most ambitious of these MIG schemes. It promises annual income transfers of Rs.72,000 to each of the poorest five crore families comprising approximately 25 crore individuals. If implemented, it will cost the exchequer Rs. 3.6 lakh crore per annum.<br />
<br />
<em>Important questions<br />
</em><br />
Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No.<br />
<br />
Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal.<br />
<br />
These groups are forced to borrow from moneylenders and adhatiyas (middlemen) at usurious rates of 24-60% per annum. For instance, for marginal and small farmers, institutional lending accounts for only about 30% of their total borrowing. The corresponding figure for landless agricultural workers is even worse at 15%. There is a strong case for direct income transfers to these groups. The additional income can reduce their indebtedness and help them get by without falling into the clutches of the moneylender.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br />
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There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully

The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to...',
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-The Hindu<br />
<br />
<em>There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully<br />
</em><br />
The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG.<br />
<br />
NYAY is the most ambitious of these MIG schemes. It promises annual income transfers of Rs.72,000 to each of the poorest five crore families comprising approximately 25 crore individuals. If implemented, it will cost the exchequer Rs. 3.6 lakh crore per annum.<br />
<br />
<em>Important questions<br />
</em><br />
Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No.<br />
<br />
Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal.<br />
<br />
These groups are forced to borrow from moneylenders and adhatiyas (middlemen) at usurious rates of 24-60% per annum. For instance, for marginal and small farmers, institutional lending accounts for only about 30% of their total borrowing. The corresponding figure for landless agricultural workers is even worse at 15%. There is a strong case for direct income transfers to these groups. The additional income can reduce their indebtedness and help them get by without falling into the clutches of the moneylender.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/pathways-to-an-income-guarantee/article26680448.ece?homepage=true">click here</a> to read more. <br />
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-The Hindu

There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully

The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to...'
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Pathways to an income guarantee -Ram Singh

-The Hindu There is a compelling case for spending Rs. 3.6 lakh crore on the poor, but it must be done carefully The idea of a minimum income guarantee (MIG) has caught up with political parties. A MIG requires the government to pay the targeted set of citizens a fixed amount of money on a regular basis. With the promise of the Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY) by the Congress party, it is clear that the MIG is going to be a major political issue for the coming general election. A limited version of the MIG in the form of the PM KISAN Yojana is already being implemented by the NDA government at the Centre. State governments in Odisha and Telangana have their own versions of the MIG. NYAY is the most ambitious of these MIG schemes. It promises annual income transfers of Rs.72,000 to each of the poorest five crore families comprising approximately 25 crore individuals. If implemented, it will cost the exchequer Rs. 3.6 lakh crore per annum. Important questions Several questions arise. Is there a case for additional spending of such a large sum on the poor? The answer is yes. Can government finances afford it? No. Even if the government can mobilise the required sum, is the scheme a good way of spending money on the poor? No. Many landless labourers, agricultural workers and marginal farmers suffer from multi-dimensional poverty. Benefits of high economic growth during the last three decades have not percolated to these groups. Welfare schemes have also failed to bring them out of destitution. They have remained the poorest of Indians. Contract and informal sector workers in urban areas face a similar problem. Due to rapid mechanisation of low-skill jobs in the construction and retail sectors, employment prospects for them appear increasingly dismal. These groups are forced to borrow from moneylenders and adhatiyas (middlemen) at usurious rates of 24-60% per annum. For instance, for marginal and small farmers, institutional lending accounts for only about 30% of their total borrowing. The corresponding figure for landless agricultural workers is even worse at 15%. There is a strong case for direct income transfers to these groups. The additional income can reduce their indebtedness and help them get by without falling into the clutches of the moneylender. Please click here to read more.