Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {

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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0f8e6b11cc-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0f8e6b11cc-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f0f8e6b11cc-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0f8e6b11cc-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0f8e6b11cc-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0f8e6b11cc-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0f8e6b11cc-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f0f8e6b11cc-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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		&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Paying the price: Institutional delivery costs keep pregnant women at home by Tanvi Nalin&#039;,
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.
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The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.
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According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
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Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
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The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
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The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries
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Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Governance Now, 21 October, 2011, http://governancenow.com/views/think-tanks/paying-price-institutional-delivery-costs-keep-pregnant-women-home&#039;,
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





The &#039;Study of...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





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$disp = &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. 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They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





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                <strong>Paying the price: Institutional delivery costs keep pregnant women at home by Tanvi Nalin</strong></h1>
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                <div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The 'Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)', released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government's abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report's findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div>               </font>
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.
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The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.
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Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.
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The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.
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The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.
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The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries
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&lt;br /&gt;
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Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





The &#039;Study of...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Paying the price: Institutional delivery costs keep pregnant women at home by Tanvi Nalin&#039;,
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Governance Now, 21 October, 2011, http://governancenow.com/views/think-tanks/paying-price-institutional-delivery-costs-keep-pregnant-women-home&#039;,
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





The &#039;Study of...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





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                <strong>Paying the price: Institutional delivery costs keep pregnant women at home by Tanvi Nalin</strong></h1>
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                <div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The 'Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)', released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government's abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report's findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div>               </font>
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.
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According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.
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Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.
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The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.
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The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.
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Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.
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Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.
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He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.
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	&#039;metaTitle&#039; =&gt; &#039;LATEST NEWS UPDATES | Paying the price: Institutional delivery costs keep pregnant women at home by Tanvi Nalin&#039;,
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





The &#039;Study of...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.
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The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.
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According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.
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Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;Governance Now, 21 October, 2011, http://governancenow.com/views/think-tanks/paying-price-institutional-delivery-costs-keep-pregnant-women-home&#039;,
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





The &#039;Study of...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The &#039;Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)&#039;, released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government&#039;s abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &amp;quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report&#039;s findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &amp;quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&amp;rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&amp;quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &amp;nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &amp;nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





The 'Study of..."/>
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                <strong>Paying the price: Institutional delivery costs keep pregnant women at home by Tanvi Nalin</strong></h1>
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                <div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The 'Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)', released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government's abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report's findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div>               </font>
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.
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The 'Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)', released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.
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According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.
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<div style="text-align: justify">
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Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.
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<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
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The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.
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<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
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The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.
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<br />
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The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government's abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.
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<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
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The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report's findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries
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Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.
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<br />
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He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.
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<br />
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Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.
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<br />
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Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.
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<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
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The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.
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Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div>',
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<br />
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.
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<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The 'Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)', released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government's abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report's findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify">
<br />
</div>',
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With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.





The 'Study of...'
$disp = '<div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The 'Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)', released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government's abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, &quot; Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report's findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. &quot;For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it&rsquo;s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people,&quot; he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well. &nbsp;However, he said that the two goals of &nbsp;achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify">The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.</div><div style="text-align: justify"><br /></div>'
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Paying the price: Institutional delivery costs keep pregnant women at home by Tanvi Nalin

With institutional healthcare being prohibitively expensive, more women in rural India are choosing to deliver at home than in hospitals and healthcare facilities, says a new report brought out by Chittorgarh-based NGO, Prayas, in partnership with Oxfam India. The 'Study of the trends in out-of-pocket payments in healthcare during National Rural Health Mission period (2005-2010)', released on October 12 in the national capital, was conducted across five Indian states - Assam, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand. According to the report, women, on average, spend Rs 2,166 per childbirth. In government healthcare institutions, the expenditure per delivery totals Rs 1,801. The figure - at Rs 8,763 - is five times higher if a woman delivers in a private institution. Women in Uttarakhand spend the most per childbirth in the country, the study found. They spend Rs 2,497 in government institutions and Rs 11,100 in private ones for each delivery. The average expenditure incurred on antenatal and post-natal care in government institutions is Rs 270 and Rs 380 respectively, whereas in private institutions it is Rs 1,744 and Rs 964, respectively. The report defines out-of-pocket expenditure (oope) as the total spending of a household on healthcare providers, medicines, therapeutic devices or any other goods and services as part of treatment, on restoration or improvement of the health status of an individual or a group. It is essentially a private expenditure and is an important determinant to gauge the accessibility of health services for a citizen. The report also noted that the in the absence of assistance in bearing healthcare costs, illnesses and hospitalisation not only retard welfare directly, they also increase the risk of impoverishment for individuals and households due to high expenditure on treatment and healthcare. Amit Mohan Prasad, joint secretary at the uninon health and family welfare ministry, acknowledged the government's abysmal spending in the health sector, in his speech at the release. Prasad said, " Spending by the government of India on healthcare is only 0.9 percent of the total expenditure while it should ideally be 10-20 percent. The low government spending has a direct bearing on the health of vulnerable sections, especially women who are finding it increasingly difficult to access healthcare as evidenced by the report's findings on institutional delivery.The high cost of institutional delivery leads to higher incidence of home deliveries in rural areas due to lack of access to delivery care at a nominal cost. At present, only one-third of the deliveries in India take place in a health facility/institution, while the remaining are home deliveries Prasad said that the norms for setting up public health facilities were set in sixth five year plan, but the government has not been able to keep pace with the growing population. "For example, for every population of 30,000, there should be a primary health centre (PHC), but it’s not the case in different states. In northeastern states, a PHC caters to 9,000 people, while in states like Jharkhand and Bihar, it caters to much more than 30,000 people," he noted, adding that health policies should not serve only the poor but also low and middle income groups because the case of borrowing for health care is higher in these income groups. He claimed that the Janani Shishu Surakhsha Karyakram, a central scheme with funding for states to encourage institutional delivery, is working well.  However, he said that the two goals of  achieving 80 percent institutional deliveries and 100 percent safe deliveries would need much more efforts. Dr P R Sodani of Indian Institute of Health Management and Research, advocated inclusion of the cost of travelling and diagnostic costs in the calculation of oope. Gautam Chakrobarty of National Health Systems Resource Center emphasised on greater accessibility to medicines. Acknowledging the fact that medicines are major component of oope, he said that people spend 40 percent on medicines though government institutions provide free medicine for pregnant women. He stated that there is a need for better methods of capturing drugs expenditure in household surveys. The report advocated a reduction of the dependence of the health system on out of pocket payments.