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Population populism: UP draft population bill will impact the vulnerable, especially women -Poonam Muttreja

-Down to Earth

The focus must be on safeguarding women and girls’ reproductive health. Smaller families can be achieved by ensuring gender equality, empowering women

The law proposed by the Uttar Pradesh Law Commission on July 7, 2021 on two-child policy compels couples to limit their families through a series of incentives and disincentives.

There is no evidence, however, that coercive policies can truly reduce fertility. Two-child policies are known to disproportionately impact the most vulnerable, particularly women and girls.

The proposed bill lays out incentives and disincentives that may have disastrous consequences and lead to an increase in gender inequality, sex-selective elimination, unsafe abortions and malnutrition.

A five-state study by Nirmala Buch, former senior Indian Administrative Service officer, showed that coercive policies are ineffective reducing fertility.

The study, instead, revealed that there was a rise in sex-selective and unsafe abortions in states that adopted the two-child policy; men divorced their wives to run for local body elections; and families gave up children for adoption to avoid disqualification.

Instead, our focus must be on safeguarding women and girls’ reproductive health. Smaller families can be achieved by ensuring gender equality, empowering women, improving education, economic development and access to family planning services.

Sri Lanka brought down its fertility rate via greater investments in girl-child education and a robust family planning programme. Bangladesh did so by expanding the basket of contraceptive choices available to men and women.

In India, Kerala and Tamil Nadu have experienced significant reduction in fertility rates without any coercive methods. In Kerala, the state was able to bring total fertility rate (TFR) down to 1.6 by investing in girl-child education, employment opportunities, women’s empowerment and a strong healthcare system.

Uttar Pradesh alone is not alone facing population explosion. India and UP are well on their way to achieving population stabilisation. Instead, we would do better to focus on keeping girls in school, increasing access to voluntary family planning and reproductive health services, promoting comprehensive sexuality education for adolescents, addressing violence against women and girls, thereby improving the health and wellbeing of women, men and young people.

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