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‘Prosecution unable to prove Mirchpur allegations' by Jiby Kattakayam


Despite a tortuous route marked by twists and turns, allegations and counter-allegations, amid public protests and fears of further violence in neighbouring Haryana, the Rohini sessions court which pronounced the judgment in the Mirchpur caste violence incident convicting 15 people and acquitting 82 others has set a record of sorts by completing the trial in just over nine months.

On April 21, 2010, 70-year-old Tara Chand and his physically-challenged daughter, Suman, were burnt to death in their home, following allegations that communal tensions had been simmering for two days in the village. However, the prosecution could not prove this allegation conclusively and that there was a criminal conspiracy afoot which ultimately led to the violence on April 21.

The case was transferred on December 8 last from Haryana to the Rohini court of Additional Sessions Judge Kamini Lau following the intervention of activist groups who petitioned the Supreme Court that the victims and their advocates felt threatened in Haryana. A team of lawyers from Human Rights Law Network and National Campaign on Dalit Human Rights were appointed as amicus curiaeto help Public Prosecutor Taufiq Ahmed with the case.

Following the transfer of the case, the defence counsel B. S. Rana wanted to recuse but the court succeeded in persuading him to stay on. The court also had to deal with problems of multiple discrepancies in court records transferred from the Haryana court, transportation of 98 accused to Rohini Jail, providing protection to prosecution witnesses and offering them accommodation at Lampur Detention Centre, and allegations that witnesses were travelling with families of accused persons and that these were the witnesses who were turning hostile.

The charges framed against the 97 accused persons on March 11, following which the trial began, included: criminal conspiracy (IPC 120 B), murder (IPC 302), rioting (IPC 147), rioting while armed with deadly weapon (IPC148), unlawful assembly (149) and dacoity, besides additional charges under various sections of the Scheduled Caste/ Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989.

However, the only charges that could be proved against 15 of the accused included unlawful assembly, arson, and culpable homicide amounting to murder (IPC 304) under which three of the accused were convicted.

In a setback to the prosecution, the court classified Tara Chand's wife, Kamla, who was the prime prosecution witness and sole eyewitness to the death of the father and daughter as an “unreliable” witness. She had identified 81 of the accused during her examination and alleged that petrol was sprinkled on the victims before they were burnt to death besides levelling serious allegations of complicity in the crime against Narnaud SHO Vinod Kumar Kajal. Besides Kamla, four others were classified as “unreliable” witnesses, 14 including Tara Chand's son Amar Lal as “partly/not totally reliable” witnesses and only two persons as “reliable” witnesses. Amar Lal's testimony had also broadly mirrored Kamla's examination.

Additional Sessions Judge Kamini Lau said: “Mirchpur is a century-old settlement where all communities have co-existed without caste-based violence. A substantial population of the village is the dominant (J) community while there are 250 families of the other (B) community here.

“Members of the B community here are financially, economically, politically and also academically almost at par with the other communities. There also does not appear to be caste-based discrimination on matters of religion,” said Dr. Lau, who visited Mirchpur village after taking over the case, and noticed that the local temple management was being controlled by the “B” community.

Among the loopholes in the prosecution case, Dr. Lau said that Tara Chand's dying declaration to the Chief Judicial Magistrate did not say petrol was sprinkled on him; his and Suman's post-mortem report did not indicate the presence of hydrocarbons or of injuries due to use of lathis; and that the forensic tests done on ashes collected from burnt houses did not indicate the presence of hydrocarbons.