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Resource centre on India's rural distress
 
 

Reinforcing social welfare schemes to withstand crises -Rituparna Sanyal and Shraddha Shrivastava

-IDROnline.org

How did India’s Public Distribution System adapt during COVID-19 and what can other social protection schemes learn from it?

Social Protection (SP) broadly refers to a set of policies and programmes aimed at protecting people against poverty, vulnerability, and social exclusion throughout their life. Over the last 15 years, India has witnessed a growth in rights-based entitlements and systemic reforms to build a more inclusive SP system. These encompass the Mid-Day Meal (MDM) programme, Public Distribution System (PDS), National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGA), and National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP).

The wide-ranging vulnerabilities induced by the COVID-19 pandemic have highlighted the need for making social protection shock-responsive. This means adapting routine SP to address the impacts of large-scale, community-level shocks such as natural disasters, pandemics, and economic and political crises. Not only does this provide a safety net for when people need it the most, but it also provides an opportunity to integrate disaster risk management and emergency responses into SP systems. In the right context, Shock-Responsive Social Protection (SRSP) has the potential to enhance resilience, improve response times, reduce costs of delivering emergency assistance, reduce duplication, and improve national capacities to manage disasters.

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