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Sequence for a just future: Can safeguards for digital genomic data from biodiversity be ensured -Vibha Varshney

-Down to Earth

Developing countries feel digital sequence information provides a loophole through which developed countries can circumvent the Convention of Biodiversity

Negotiations on how to regulate the use of digital sequence information (DSI) of genetic resources could further delay the finalisation of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

The process has already been delayed for two years due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The vast potential of DSI was underscored during the pandemic when open access to the digital copy of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, uploaded by China, enabled researchers worldwide to develop vaccines against COVID-19 in record time.

Imagine how more data on several billion resources, that is currently available in different databases can revolutionise research. This data is essentially electronic information on the sequences of the genetic material that make each biological resource unique.

Developing countries which are rich in biodiversity feel DSI provides a loophole through which developed countries can circumvent CBD. The CBD was established three decades ago to ensure that communities receive the benefits arising from the use of biodiversity.

According to CBD, each country has sovereign rights over its genetic resources. Anyone who wants to access the material needs to first inform the country and set down mutually acceptable terms.

The person or party must also ensure that benefits accrued from the use of the resource is shared with the country of origin so that communities and holders of knowledge too gain from the use of these resources in both monetary and non-monetary terms.

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