Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

            } else {
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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f7c47aa5ae2-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f7c47aa5ae2-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f7c47aa5ae2-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f7c47aa5ae2-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f7c47aa5ae2-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f7c47aa5ae2-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f7c47aa5ae2-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f7c47aa5ae2-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marriage below the age of 15 not reported&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;KOCHI: &lt;/em&gt;Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Malappuram tops &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study &amp;ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&amp;rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Punishment &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&amp;rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Section 11(1) of the Act says: &amp;ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&amp;rsquo;s health.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;More than 3 children &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.&lt;/font&gt;
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down


KOCHI: Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Marriage below the age of 15 not reported&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;KOCHI: &lt;/em&gt;Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Malappuram tops &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The study &amp;ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&amp;rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Punishment &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&amp;rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Section 11(1) of the Act says: &amp;ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&amp;rsquo;s health.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;More than 3 children &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Teenage marriage of girls continues: study by KPM Basheer&#039;,
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	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marriage below the age of 15 not reported&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;KOCHI: &lt;/em&gt;Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Malappuram tops &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study &amp;ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&amp;rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Punishment &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&amp;rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Section 11(1) of the Act says: &amp;ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&amp;rsquo;s health.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;More than 3 children &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down


KOCHI: Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health...&#039;
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down


KOCHI: Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health..."/>
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                <strong>Teenage marriage of girls continues: study by KPM Basheer</strong></h1>
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                <p align="justify"><font ><em>CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Marriage below the age of 15 not reported</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>KOCHI: </em>Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Malappuram tops </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study &ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Punishment </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Section 11(1) of the Act says: &ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&rdquo;</font></p><p align="justify"><font >However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&rsquo;s health.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>More than 3 children </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p>               </font>
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marriage below the age of 15 not reported&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;KOCHI: &lt;/em&gt;Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Malappuram tops &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study &amp;ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&amp;rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Punishment &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&amp;rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Section 11(1) of the Act says: &amp;ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&amp;rsquo;s health.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;More than 3 children &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down


KOCHI: Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Marriage below the age of 15 not reported&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;KOCHI: &lt;/em&gt;Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Malappuram tops &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The study &amp;ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&amp;rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Punishment &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&amp;rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Section 11(1) of the Act says: &amp;ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&amp;rsquo;s health.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;More than 3 children &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;id&#039; =&gt; (int) 1124,
	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Teenage marriage of girls continues: study by KPM Basheer&#039;,
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	&#039;description&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marriage below the age of 15 not reported&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;KOCHI: &lt;/em&gt;Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Malappuram tops &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study &amp;ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&amp;rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Punishment &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&amp;rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Section 11(1) of the Act says: &amp;ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&amp;rsquo;s health.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;More than 3 children &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down


KOCHI: Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health...&#039;
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down


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                <strong>Teenage marriage of girls continues: study by KPM Basheer</strong></h1>
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                <p align="justify"><font ><em>CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Marriage below the age of 15 not reported</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>KOCHI: </em>Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Malappuram tops </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study &ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Punishment </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Section 11(1) of the Act says: &ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&rdquo;</font></p><p align="justify"><font >However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&rsquo;s health.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>More than 3 children </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p>               </font>
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marriage below the age of 15 not reported&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;KOCHI: &lt;/em&gt;Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Malappuram tops &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study &amp;ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&amp;rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Punishment &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&amp;rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Section 11(1) of the Act says: &amp;ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&amp;rsquo;s health.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;More than 3 children &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.&lt;/font&gt;
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down


KOCHI: Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Marriage below the age of 15 not reported&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;KOCHI: &lt;/em&gt;Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Malappuram tops &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The study &amp;ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&amp;rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;Punishment &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&amp;rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Section 11(1) of the Act says: &amp;ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&amp;rsquo;s health.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;em&gt;More than 3 children &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;font &gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marriage below the age of 15 not reported&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Data show teenage marriages&amp;nbsp;coming down&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;KOCHI: &lt;/em&gt;Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Malappuram tops &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study &amp;ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&amp;rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). &lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Punishment &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&amp;rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Section 11(1) of the Act says: &amp;ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&amp;rsquo;s health.&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;More than 3 children &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/font&gt;
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&lt;font face=&quot;arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.&lt;/font&gt;
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&amp;nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; 


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Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down


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                <strong>Teenage marriage of girls continues: study by KPM Basheer</strong></h1>
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                <p align="justify"><font ><em>CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Marriage below the age of 15 not reported</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>KOCHI: </em>Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Malappuram tops </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study &ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Punishment </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Section 11(1) of the Act says: &ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&rdquo;</font></p><p align="justify"><font >However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&rsquo;s health.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>More than 3 children </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p>               </font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; </em></font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Marriage below the age of 15 not reported</em></font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down</em></font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>KOCHI: </em>Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. </font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Malappuram tops </em></font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. </font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The study &ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). </font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Punishment </em></font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Section 11(1) of the Act says: &ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&rdquo;</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&rsquo;s health.</font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>More than 3 children </em></font>
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.</font>
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down


KOCHI: Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health...',
	'disp' => '<p align="justify"><font ><em>CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Marriage below the age of 15 not reported</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>KOCHI: </em>Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Malappuram tops </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study &ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Punishment </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Section 11(1) of the Act says: &ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&rdquo;</font></p><p align="justify"><font >However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&rsquo;s health.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>More than 3 children </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p>',
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	'title' => 'Teenage marriage of girls continues: study by KPM Basheer',
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<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; </em></font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Marriage below the age of 15 not reported</em></font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down</em></font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>KOCHI: </em>Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. </font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Malappuram tops </em></font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. </font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The study &ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). </font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>Punishment </em></font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Section 11(1) of the Act says: &ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&rdquo;</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&rsquo;s health.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"><em>More than 3 children </em></font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3">The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.</font>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<font face="arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="3"></font>
</p>
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CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; 


Marriage below the age of 15 not reported


Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down


KOCHI: Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health...'
$disp = '<p align="justify"><font ><em>CSES says almost all of them in northern districts&nbsp; </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Marriage below the age of 15 not reported</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Data show teenage marriages&nbsp;coming down</em></font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>KOCHI: </em>Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. </font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Malappuram tops </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. </font></p><p align="justify"><font >Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study &ldquo;Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues&rdquo; was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). </font></p><p align="justify"><font >The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>Punishment </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years&rsquo; rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Section 11(1) of the Act says: &ldquo;Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.&rdquo;</font></p><p align="justify"><font >However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way.</font></p><p align="justify"><font >Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women&rsquo;s health.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ><em>More than 3 children </em></font></p><p align="justify"><font >The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.</font></p><p align="justify"><font ></font></p>'
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Teenage marriage of girls continues: study by KPM Basheer

CSES says almost all of them in northern districts  Marriage below the age of 15 not reported Data show teenage marriages coming down KOCHI: Despite the rapid strides made by women in Kerala in social development, education and a host of reproductive health indicators, teenage marriage of girls continues to survive in the State, mainly in the Malabar region. One out of every 15 women in Kerala marries before attaining the legal minimum age of marriage of 18, thus violating a law that provides for jail terms for those who facilitates the marriage. Malappuram tops According to a study conducted by the Kochi-based Centre for Socio-economic and Environmental Studies (CSES), almost all such marriages take place in the northern districts, close to half of them in Malappuram, followed by Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad. Elsewhere in the country, 28 per cent of women marry before attaining the legal age of marriage, a substantial number of them even before turning the age of 15. In Kerala, though, marriage below the age of 15 has not been reported. The study “Health of women in Kerala: current status and emerging issues” was based on government data, mainly the District-level Household Survey of Reproductive and Child Health (DLHS-RCH 1 and 2). The data showed that the number of teenage marriages was coming down. The RCH 1, conducted in the late 1990s, showed that 8.5 per cent of the marriages were underage and hence illegal, but the RCH 2, conducted in 2002-04, noticed a two percentage point fall to 6.6. Punishment The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which updated the earlier law, defines girls under 18 and boys under 21 as children. The law provides for up to two years’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1 lakh for a man marrying a child. It offers the same punishment to those solemnising, facilitating or promoting a child marriage. Section 11(1) of the Act says: “Where a child contracts a child marriage, any person having charge of the child, whether as parent or guardian or any other person or in any other capacity, lawful or unlawful, including any member of an organisation or association of persons who does any act to promote the marriage or permits it to be solemnised, or negligently fails to prevent it from being solemnised, including attending or participating in a child marriage, shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment which may extend to two years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend up to one lakh rupees; provided that no woman shall be punishable with imprisonment.” However, the law-enforcing agencies almost always look the other way. Malappuram district, traditionally, has the largest number of child marriages in Kerala. Socio-cultural and religious norms compel teenage girls to get married and rear families. The direct impact of such early marriage is teenage pregnancy and teenage motherhood, which are bad for women’s health. More than 3 children The study showed that 15.5 per cent of Kerala women in the reproductive age of 15-49 had more than three children. As much as 75 per cent of this group was from Malappuram, Kasaragod, Kannur and Wayanad.