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EIA Legitimised Environmental Destruction. Now, Govt ‘Renovates’ it for the Worst. -Manju Menon and Kanchi Kohli

-TheWire.in

The Environment Impact Assessment (EIA), a legal process that effectively grants projects like mines, dams and industries access to land, water, forests and other environmental resources has been used in India since 1994.

On March 12, 2020, in the midst of a global pandemic, the environment ministry put out a draft proposal to amend the EIA norms. The last date for public comments is June 30, 2020.

The EIA was designed within a historical economic context. And the changes proposed to it by the government also fall within the current political and economic context.

History of EIA

The Environment Impact Assessment Notification, a plainly worded, short legal instrument is a global symbol of neoliberal environmental regulation. Scholars state that its origins are tied to the period of US economic liberalisation.

The US had embraced neoliberal policies by the 1970s. This economic shift promised to take care of all those who had been left behind by the earlier economic era. While social justice, in the form of better income and greater equality, was expected to come riding on the back of a freed-up economy, environmental problems that would accompany the expected period of high growth, needed taking care of.

This priority was reflected in the works of environmental writers and the birth of many environmental organisations that now have worldwide operations. During this period, the US enacted environmental laws which brought together systems of expert based scientific assessments and public participation in environmental decision making. These contradictory logics of scientific rationale and democracy were to give us the best of both worlds on environmental governance.

EIA based decision-making on projects took off from here as a global sustainability tool.

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