Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f5d9791b2a3-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f5d9791b2a3-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f5d9791b2a3-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f5d9791b2a3-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f5d9791b2a3-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f5d9791b2a3-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f5d9791b2a3-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f5d9791b2a3-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this..."/>
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                <strong>The journey of a 400 kg buffalo -Harish Damodaran</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.<br /></em><br />FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.<br /><br />&ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&rdquo;.<br /><br />Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &mdash; by then, they&rsquo;re 9-10 years old &mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&ldquo;we won&rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&rsquo;t the second time too&rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.<br /><br />&ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.<br /><br />Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&rdquo; he says.<br /><br />Singh&rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &ldquo;It doesn&rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&rdquo; he says.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this..."/>
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                <strong>The journey of a 400 kg buffalo -Harish Damodaran</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.<br /></em><br />FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.<br /><br />&ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&rdquo;.<br /><br />Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &mdash; by then, they&rsquo;re 9-10 years old &mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&ldquo;we won&rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&rsquo;t the second time too&rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.<br /><br />&ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.<br /><br />Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&rdquo; he says.<br /><br />Singh&rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &ldquo;It doesn&rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&rdquo; he says.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &amp;mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&amp;rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&amp;rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &amp;ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&amp;rdquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &amp;mdash; by then, they&amp;rsquo;re 9-10 years old &amp;mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&amp;ldquo;we won&amp;rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&amp;rsquo;t the second time too&amp;rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&amp;ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&amp;rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&amp;rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&amp;rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &amp;ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&amp;rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Singh&amp;rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &amp;ldquo;It doesn&amp;rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&amp;rdquo; he says.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&amp;rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this...&#039;
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this..."/>
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                <strong>The journey of a 400 kg buffalo -Harish Damodaran</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.<br /></em><br />FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.<br /><br />&ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&rdquo;.<br /><br />Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &mdash; by then, they&rsquo;re 9-10 years old &mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&ldquo;we won&rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&rsquo;t the second time too&rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.<br /><br />&ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.<br /><br />Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&rdquo; he says.<br /><br />Singh&rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &ldquo;It doesn&rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&rdquo; he says.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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		'title' => 'The journey of a 400 kg buffalo -Harish Damodaran',
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-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
<em>The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.<br />
</em><br />
FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&rdquo;.<br />
<br />
Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &mdash; by then, they&rsquo;re 9-10 years old &mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&ldquo;we won&rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&rsquo;t the second time too&rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.<br />
<br />
Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&rdquo; he says.<br />
<br />
Singh&rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &ldquo;It doesn&rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&rdquo; he says.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/">click here</a> to read more. <br />
</div>',
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this...',
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-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
<em>The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.<br />
</em><br />
FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes &mdash; three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I&rsquo;ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,&rdquo; explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: &ldquo;He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me&rdquo;.<br />
<br />
Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations &mdash; by then, they&rsquo;re 9-10 years old &mdash; have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (&ldquo;we won&rsquo;t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don&rsquo;t the second time too&rdquo;). The third are the ones with damaged udders (&ldquo;jiske thun bekaar ho gaye&rdquo;). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old.<br />
<br />
&ldquo;These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,&rdquo; Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone.<br />
<br />
Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh&rsquo;s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. &ldquo;A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today&rsquo;s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,&rdquo; he says.<br />
<br />
Singh&rsquo;s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. &ldquo;It doesn&rsquo;t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,&rdquo; he says.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/the-journey-of-a-400-kg-buffalo-cow-slaughter-uttar-pradesh-4644146/">click here</a> to read more. <br />
</div>',
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-The Indian Express

The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that&rsquo;s now under strain.

FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this...'
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The journey of a 400 kg buffalo -Harish Damodaran

-The Indian Express The Indian Express travels down the meat value chain in Uttar Pradesh to find a seamless system that’s now under strain. FOR Puran Chand Sharma, dealing with Mohammad Sabir Qureshi is a twice or maybe thrice-a-year affair. But this transactional relationship is essential to sustaining his dairy farm operation involving 10 female buffaloes — three now in-milk, two pregnant animals, two young yet-to-calve heifers, and three one-year-old calves. “The ones that are pregnant will start giving milk when those currently producing go dry. In the meantime, the jhoti (heifers) will also be ready to conceive. So, at any time, I’ll have three buffaloes together yielding 25-30 litres daily for me to sell at Rs 30-35 per litre,” explains the 60-something Sharma. So, where does Qureshi come in? Prompt comes the reply: “He takes care of the animals that have become a bojh (burden) on me”. Sharma classifies the buffaloes that are a bojh into four categories. The first includes those that after about five lactations — by then, they’re 9-10 years old — have stopped producing enough milk to justify their continued maintenance. The second are infertile animals (“we won’t sell if they do not get pregnant the first time, but will if they don’t the second time too”). The third are the ones with damaged udders (“jiske thun bekaar ho gaye”). The last are male calves, sold even before they are a year old. “These animals are of no use to me. If they are useful to him (Qureshi) and he is willing to pay me Rs 25,000 or more, why should I have a problem selling? That money I can use to buy a four-year-old, first-time lactating buffalo, capable of giving 2,000 litres annually, for Rs 60,000. This cycle of replacing old animals with new is what keeps my business going,” Sharma says in a matter-of-fact tone. Agrees Chaudhary Maharaj Singh, a 2.5-acre, five-animal farmer from Madhaka, the village in Sadabad tehsil of Uttar Pradesh’s Hathras district to which Sharma belongs. “A buffalo has to be fed 10 kg bhusa (wheat straw), 1 kg khali (mustard oilcake) and 1 kg daliya (ground wheat) every day, whether or not it produces milk. For 10 litres yield, I have to increase the khali to 4 kg and daliya to 2 kg, and also give 1 kg of gur (jiggery). At today’s rates (Rs 6/kg for bhusa, Rs 20/kg each for khali and daliya, and Rs 40/kg for gur), it costs Rs 100 daily to feed an unproductive animal and Rs 200-plus for 10 litres,” he says. Singh’s relationship with Qureshi is, again, purely transactional. “It doesn’t concern me what he does with our buffaloes. All I know is we farmers cannot afford to feed them,” he says. Please click here to read more.