Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Once these mills were known as &amp;ldquo;maagi kol&amp;rdquo; (meaning factories where women worked; maagi being a colloquialism and not necessarily a pejorative Bengali word for women), because of the substantial number of women employees, especially in the stitching department. Mechanisation drove the women away in the early 1960s. Now they are back, &amp;ldquo;manning&amp;rdquo; the new Chinese machines that come with huge output capacities.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Among the 2,50,000 jute factory workers in Bengal, about 25,000 are women,&amp;rdquo; says labour activist Naba Dutta, who has worked for jute workers&amp;rsquo; rights since the 1980s and is the founder of Nagarik Mancha, a citizens&amp;rsquo; forum. It is difficult to arrive at a specific figure because an overwhelming number of workers are temporary employees who do not have their names on the payroll.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The women are returning now, says Dutta, as the men are opting out because of their dissatisfaction with the daily wage &amp;mdash; about Rs 400 &amp;mdash; a little more than the minimum wage.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The entry of women is good for any management. Generally, they are found to be better workers, more pliant, less prone to unionisation, protests, absenteeism, and to alcoholism.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,&amp;rdquo; says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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                <strong>The Jute Press -Chandrima S Bhattacharya </strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-The Telegraph</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>After decades, Bengal&rsquo;s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Once these mills were known as &ldquo;maagi kol&rdquo; (meaning factories where women worked; maagi being a colloquialism and not necessarily a pejorative Bengali word for women), because of the substantial number of women employees, especially in the stitching department. Mechanisation drove the women away in the early 1960s. Now they are back, &ldquo;manning&rdquo; the new Chinese machines that come with huge output capacities.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Among the 2,50,000 jute factory workers in Bengal, about 25,000 are women,&rdquo; says labour activist Naba Dutta, who has worked for jute workers&rsquo; rights since the 1980s and is the founder of Nagarik Mancha, a citizens&rsquo; forum. It is difficult to arrive at a specific figure because an overwhelming number of workers are temporary employees who do not have their names on the payroll.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The women are returning now, says Dutta, as the men are opting out because of their dissatisfaction with the daily wage &mdash; about Rs 400 &mdash; a little more than the minimum wage.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The entry of women is good for any management. Generally, they are found to be better workers, more pliant, less prone to unionisation, protests, absenteeism, and to alcoholism.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,&rdquo; says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,&amp;rdquo; says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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After decades, Bengal&rsquo;s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend

When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is...."/>
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                <strong>The Jute Press -Chandrima S Bhattacharya </strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-The Telegraph</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>After decades, Bengal&rsquo;s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Once these mills were known as &ldquo;maagi kol&rdquo; (meaning factories where women worked; maagi being a colloquialism and not necessarily a pejorative Bengali word for women), because of the substantial number of women employees, especially in the stitching department. Mechanisation drove the women away in the early 1960s. Now they are back, &ldquo;manning&rdquo; the new Chinese machines that come with huge output capacities.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Among the 2,50,000 jute factory workers in Bengal, about 25,000 are women,&rdquo; says labour activist Naba Dutta, who has worked for jute workers&rsquo; rights since the 1980s and is the founder of Nagarik Mancha, a citizens&rsquo; forum. It is difficult to arrive at a specific figure because an overwhelming number of workers are temporary employees who do not have their names on the payroll.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The women are returning now, says Dutta, as the men are opting out because of their dissatisfaction with the daily wage &mdash; about Rs 400 &mdash; a little more than the minimum wage.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The entry of women is good for any management. Generally, they are found to be better workers, more pliant, less prone to unionisation, protests, absenteeism, and to alcoholism.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,&rdquo; says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Once these mills were known as &amp;ldquo;maagi kol&amp;rdquo; (meaning factories where women worked; maagi being a colloquialism and not necessarily a pejorative Bengali word for women), because of the substantial number of women employees, especially in the stitching department. Mechanisation drove the women away in the early 1960s. Now they are back, &amp;ldquo;manning&amp;rdquo; the new Chinese machines that come with huge output capacities.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Among the 2,50,000 jute factory workers in Bengal, about 25,000 are women,&amp;rdquo; says labour activist Naba Dutta, who has worked for jute workers&amp;rsquo; rights since the 1980s and is the founder of Nagarik Mancha, a citizens&amp;rsquo; forum. It is difficult to arrive at a specific figure because an overwhelming number of workers are temporary employees who do not have their names on the payroll.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The women are returning now, says Dutta, as the men are opting out because of their dissatisfaction with the daily wage &amp;mdash; about Rs 400 &amp;mdash; a little more than the minimum wage.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;The entry of women is good for any management. Generally, they are found to be better workers, more pliant, less prone to unionisation, protests, absenteeism, and to alcoholism.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&amp;ldquo;Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,&amp;rdquo; says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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After decades, Bengal&rsquo;s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend

When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is...."/>
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                <strong>The Jute Press -Chandrima S Bhattacharya </strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-The Telegraph</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>After decades, Bengal&rsquo;s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Once these mills were known as &ldquo;maagi kol&rdquo; (meaning factories where women worked; maagi being a colloquialism and not necessarily a pejorative Bengali word for women), because of the substantial number of women employees, especially in the stitching department. Mechanisation drove the women away in the early 1960s. Now they are back, &ldquo;manning&rdquo; the new Chinese machines that come with huge output capacities.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Among the 2,50,000 jute factory workers in Bengal, about 25,000 are women,&rdquo; says labour activist Naba Dutta, who has worked for jute workers&rsquo; rights since the 1980s and is the founder of Nagarik Mancha, a citizens&rsquo; forum. It is difficult to arrive at a specific figure because an overwhelming number of workers are temporary employees who do not have their names on the payroll.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The women are returning now, says Dutta, as the men are opting out because of their dissatisfaction with the daily wage &mdash; about Rs 400 &mdash; a little more than the minimum wage.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The entry of women is good for any management. Generally, they are found to be better workers, more pliant, less prone to unionisation, protests, absenteeism, and to alcoholism.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,&rdquo; says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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<p style="text-align:justify"><em>After decades, Bengal&rsquo;s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Once these mills were known as &ldquo;maagi kol&rdquo; (meaning factories where women worked; maagi being a colloquialism and not necessarily a pejorative Bengali word for women), because of the substantial number of women employees, especially in the stitching department. Mechanisation drove the women away in the early 1960s. Now they are back, &ldquo;manning&rdquo; the new Chinese machines that come with huge output capacities.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Among the 2,50,000 jute factory workers in Bengal, about 25,000 are women,&rdquo; says labour activist Naba Dutta, who has worked for jute workers&rsquo; rights since the 1980s and is the founder of Nagarik Mancha, a citizens&rsquo; forum. It is difficult to arrive at a specific figure because an overwhelming number of workers are temporary employees who do not have their names on the payroll.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The women are returning now, says Dutta, as the men are opting out because of their dissatisfaction with the daily wage &mdash; about Rs 400 &mdash; a little more than the minimum wage.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The entry of women is good for any management. Generally, they are found to be better workers, more pliant, less prone to unionisation, protests, absenteeism, and to alcoholism.&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,&rdquo; says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
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<p style="text-align:justify"><em>After decades, Bengal&rsquo;s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Once these mills were known as &ldquo;maagi kol&rdquo; (meaning factories where women worked; maagi being a colloquialism and not necessarily a pejorative Bengali word for women), because of the substantial number of women employees, especially in the stitching department. Mechanisation drove the women away in the early 1960s. Now they are back, &ldquo;manning&rdquo; the new Chinese machines that come with huge output capacities.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Among the 2,50,000 jute factory workers in Bengal, about 25,000 are women,&rdquo; says labour activist Naba Dutta, who has worked for jute workers&rsquo; rights since the 1980s and is the founder of Nagarik Mancha, a citizens&rsquo; forum. It is difficult to arrive at a specific figure because an overwhelming number of workers are temporary employees who do not have their names on the payroll.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The women are returning now, says Dutta, as the men are opting out because of their dissatisfaction with the daily wage &mdash; about Rs 400 &mdash; a little more than the minimum wage.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">The entry of women is good for any management. Generally, they are found to be better workers, more pliant, less prone to unionisation, protests, absenteeism, and to alcoholism.&nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,&rdquo; says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
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$metaTitle = 'LATEST NEWS UPDATES | The Jute Press -Chandrima S Bhattacharya '
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After decades, Bengal&rsquo;s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend

When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is....'
$disp = '<p style="text-align:justify">-The Telegraph</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>After decades, Bengal&rsquo;s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">Once these mills were known as &ldquo;maagi kol&rdquo; (meaning factories where women worked; maagi being a colloquialism and not necessarily a pejorative Bengali word for women), because of the substantial number of women employees, especially in the stitching department. Mechanisation drove the women away in the early 1960s. Now they are back, &ldquo;manning&rdquo; the new Chinese machines that come with huge output capacities.</p><p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Among the 2,50,000 jute factory workers in Bengal, about 25,000 are women,&rdquo; says labour activist Naba Dutta, who has worked for jute workers&rsquo; rights since the 1980s and is the founder of Nagarik Mancha, a citizens&rsquo; forum. It is difficult to arrive at a specific figure because an overwhelming number of workers are temporary employees who do not have their names on the payroll.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The women are returning now, says Dutta, as the men are opting out because of their dissatisfaction with the daily wage &mdash; about Rs 400 &mdash; a little more than the minimum wage.</p><p style="text-align:justify">The entry of women is good for any management. Generally, they are found to be better workers, more pliant, less prone to unionisation, protests, absenteeism, and to alcoholism.&nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify">&ldquo;Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,&rdquo; says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404" title="https://www.telegraphindia.com/culture/the-jute-press-after-decades-bengals-jute-mills-are-witnessing-a-steady-influx-of-women-workers/cid/1881404">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>'
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The Jute Press -Chandrima S Bhattacharya

-The Telegraph After decades, Bengal’s jute mills are witnessing a steady influx of women workers, The Telegraph on the troubles woven into the trend When an industry opens its doors to women workers, it can expose how regressive its factory floor is. The face of the jute industry in Bengal has changed over the last 50 years; now more than ever because of the large presence of women.  Once these mills were known as “maagi kol” (meaning factories where women worked; maagi being a colloquialism and not necessarily a pejorative Bengali word for women), because of the substantial number of women employees, especially in the stitching department. Mechanisation drove the women away in the early 1960s. Now they are back, “manning” the new Chinese machines that come with huge output capacities. “Among the 2,50,000 jute factory workers in Bengal, about 25,000 are women,” says labour activist Naba Dutta, who has worked for jute workers’ rights since the 1980s and is the founder of Nagarik Mancha, a citizens’ forum. It is difficult to arrive at a specific figure because an overwhelming number of workers are temporary employees who do not have their names on the payroll. The women are returning now, says Dutta, as the men are opting out because of their dissatisfaction with the daily wage — about Rs 400 — a little more than the minimum wage. The entry of women is good for any management. Generally, they are found to be better workers, more pliant, less prone to unionisation, protests, absenteeism, and to alcoholism.  “Sometimes when I look up, I see only women around me in my shift,” says a young woman worker in a jute mill near Naihati. A shift may employ hundreds of workers. In Bengal now, about 55 jute mills remain functional, after decades of problems and closures. The mills were set up by the British in the 1880s, mostly along the banks of the Hooghly. Please click here to read more.