Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

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-The Economic Times&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world&#039;s largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country&#039;s history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India&#039;s national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&amp;quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &amp;quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India&#039;s PC market size.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &amp;mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&amp;quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India&#039;s Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &amp;quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&amp;quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan&#039;s IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies&#039; absolute market dominance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. &lt;br /&gt;
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	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Economic Times&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world&#039;s largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country&#039;s history.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India&#039;s national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&amp;quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &amp;quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India&#039;s PC market size.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &amp;mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&amp;quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India&#039;s Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &amp;quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&amp;quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan&#039;s IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies&#039; absolute market dominance.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India&#039;s national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&amp;quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &amp;quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India&#039;s PC market size.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&amp;quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India&#039;s Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &amp;quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies&#039; absolute market dominance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Economic Times

India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government..."/>
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                <strong>TN, UP, Rajasthan to splurge on proprietary software over open source; Microsoft, Adobe, Norton and McAfee get large govt orders- Indu Nandakumar</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Economic Times<br /><br />India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country's history.<br /><br />Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India's national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.<br /><br />&quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&quot;<br /><br />The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India's PC market size.<br /><br />Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. <br /><br />The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.<br /><br />&quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India's Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&quot;<br /><br />India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.<br /><br />Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.<br /><br />&quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan's IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.<br /><br />Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies' absolute market dominance.<br /><br />Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Economic Times&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world&#039;s largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country&#039;s history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India&#039;s national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&amp;quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &amp;quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &amp;mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&amp;quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India&#039;s Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &amp;quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.&lt;br /&gt;
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Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&amp;quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan&#039;s IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies&#039; absolute market dominance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. &lt;br /&gt;
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-The Economic Times&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world&#039;s largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country&#039;s history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India&#039;s national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&amp;quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &amp;quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India&#039;s PC market size.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &amp;mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&amp;quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India&#039;s Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &amp;quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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                <strong>TN, UP, Rajasthan to splurge on proprietary software over open source; Microsoft, Adobe, Norton and McAfee get large govt orders- Indu Nandakumar</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Economic Times<br /><br />India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country's history.<br /><br />Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India's national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.<br /><br />&quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&quot;<br /><br />The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India's PC market size.<br /><br />Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. <br /><br />The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.<br /><br />&quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India's Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&quot;<br /><br />India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.<br /><br />Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.<br /><br />&quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan's IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.<br /><br />Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies' absolute market dominance.<br /><br />Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Economic Times&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world&#039;s largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country&#039;s history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&amp;quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &amp;quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&amp;quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India&#039;s Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &amp;quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&amp;quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan&#039;s IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies&#039; absolute market dominance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. &lt;br /&gt;
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India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world&#039;s largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Economic Times&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world&#039;s largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country&#039;s history.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India&#039;s national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&amp;quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &amp;quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India&#039;s PC market size.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &amp;mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&amp;quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India&#039;s Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &amp;quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&amp;quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan&#039;s IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies&#039; absolute market dominance.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Economic Times&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world&#039;s largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country&#039;s history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India&#039;s national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&amp;quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &amp;quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India&#039;s PC market size.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &amp;mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&amp;quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India&#039;s Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &amp;quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&amp;quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan&#039;s IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies&#039; absolute market dominance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. &lt;br /&gt;
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India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government..."/>
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                <strong>TN, UP, Rajasthan to splurge on proprietary software over open source; Microsoft, Adobe, Norton and McAfee get large govt orders- Indu Nandakumar</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Economic Times<br /><br />India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country's history.<br /><br />Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India's national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.<br /><br />&quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&quot;<br /><br />The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India's PC market size.<br /><br />Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. <br /><br />The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.<br /><br />&quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India's Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&quot;<br /><br />India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.<br /><br />Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.<br /><br />&quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan's IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.<br /><br />Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies' absolute market dominance.<br /><br />Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Economic Times<br />
<br />
India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country's history.<br />
<br />
Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India's national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.<br />
<br />
&quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&quot;<br />
<br />
The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India's PC market size.<br />
<br />
Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. <br />
<br />
The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.<br />
<br />
&quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India's Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&quot;<br />
<br />
India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.<br />
<br />
Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.<br />
<br />
&quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan's IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.<br />
<br />
Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies' absolute market dominance.<br />
<br />
Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. <br />
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-The Economic Times

India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government...',
	'disp' => '<div align="justify">-The Economic Times<br /><br />India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country's history.<br /><br />Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India's national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.<br /><br />&quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&quot;<br /><br />The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India's PC market size.<br /><br />Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. <br /><br />The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.<br /><br />&quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India's Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&quot;<br /><br />India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.<br /><br />Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.<br /><br />&quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan's IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.<br /><br />Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies' absolute market dominance.<br /><br />Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. <br /></div>',
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	'title' => 'TN, UP, Rajasthan to splurge on proprietary software over open source; Microsoft, Adobe, Norton and McAfee get large govt orders- Indu Nandakumar',
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-The Economic Times<br />
<br />
India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country's history.<br />
<br />
Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India's national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said.<br />
<br />
&quot;It is a 2G kind of situation,&quot; said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. &quot;Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision.&quot;<br />
<br />
The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India's PC market size.<br />
<br />
Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore &mdash; by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. <br />
<br />
The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment.<br />
<br />
&quot;The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education,&quot; said Vinod Raina, member of India's Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. &quot;Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications.&quot;<br />
<br />
India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets.<br />
<br />
Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research.<br />
<br />
&quot;Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops,&quot; wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan's IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software.<br />
<br />
Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies' absolute market dominance.<br />
<br />
Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems. <br />
</div>',
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-The Economic Times

India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government...'
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TN, UP, Rajasthan to splurge on proprietary software over open source; Microsoft, Adobe, Norton and McAfee get large govt orders- Indu Nandakumar

-The Economic Times India may have policy of preferring free and open source applications, but still the world's largest software maker Microsoft and others, including Adobe, Norton and McAfee, have managed to weasel their way into some of the largest government purchases in the country's history. Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are in the process of procuring over eight million laptops preloaded with proprietary software in clear violation of India's national policy on information and communication technology and incurring avoidable expenditure of large sums of money, activists said. "It is a 2G kind of situation," said Gurumurthy Kasinathan, director at Bangalorebased IT for Change which campaigns for effective and innovative use of technology in governance. "Government is spending public funds on expensive software because vendors are influencing the procurement decision." The purchase by the states is for free distribution to students in government schools to fulfill promises made during elections which brought the AIADMK to power in Tamil Nadu and the Samajwadi Party in Uttar Pradesh. The procurement volume is unprecedented and is large enough to significantly expand India's PC market size. Tamil Nadu intends to procure 6.8 million laptops spendingRs 10,200 crore while UP government is looking to buy about 1.7 million laptops spending about Rs 2,800 crore — by far the largest government procurements till date. Rajasthan is looking to buy 1.1 lakh laptops. The tender documents for these purchases specify laptops preloaded with operating system from Microsoft, word processing software from Adobe and security software from Norton or McAffee. Microsoft declined to comment while IT secretaries responsible for the decisions in Rajasthan, UP and Tamil Nadu were not available to comment. "The decision to choose proprietary software over open source is a clear violation of the National Policy on ICT in Education," said Vinod Raina, member of India's Central Advisory Board of Education that designed the ICT policy in education. "Financially too, the use of open source makes a huge difference as proprietary software is priced enormously higher than opensource applications." India is one of the fastest growing PC markets in the world, where 11 million PC units were sold in 2012, according to latest data from market research firm IDC. Over the next few years, analysts expect the total number of PCs in India to double, aided by large scale government purchases and increased internet access in rural markets. Microsoft, whose India revenues stood at over Rs 5,400 crore in 2012 financial year, gets about 15-20% of it from government business, according to Sumanta Mukherjee, analyst at CyberMedia Research. "Adobe Acrobat Writer 1 costs around Rs 12,000, the basic Windows operating systemRs 4,000 and Microsoft Office around Rs 10,000. Even if the vendor provides these at highly discounted prices, it would not cost less than Rs 50 crore for the 1,12,000 laptops," wrote IT for Change in submission to Rajasthan's IT secretary and education minister, proposing use of free software. Amman Madan, who teaches sociology of education at the Azim Premji University, attributed the government decision to choose Microsoft and Adobe applications over open source to these companies' absolute market dominance. Madan, who has previously taught at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, said these decisions usually involve a mix of unfair financial practices as well as lack of awareness on the advantages of open source systems.