Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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</span></span></code>
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</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr6802e4f335669-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$viewFile = &#039;/home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp&#039;
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. 
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		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 16 January, 2017, http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
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	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 16 January, 2017, http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1374
Cake\View\View::renderLayout() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 927
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 885
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 791
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 126
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the..."/>
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                <strong>Want to know how India&#039;s richest 1 percent are wealthier than the bottom 70 per cent? Read on -Leela Prasad</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br /><br />New Delhi: </em>In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &ldquo;Maoist state&rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &mdash; used to roll beedis &mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&rsquo;s of hard work.<br /><br />Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.<br /><br />To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br /><br />A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&rsquo;s total wealth &mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. 
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		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 16 January, 2017, http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. 
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&amp;nbsp;
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	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 16 January, 2017, http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the...&#039;
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the..."/>
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                <strong>Want to know how India&#039;s richest 1 percent are wealthier than the bottom 70 per cent? Read on -Leela Prasad</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br /><br />New Delhi: </em>In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &ldquo;Maoist state&rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &mdash; used to roll beedis &mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&rsquo;s of hard work.<br /><br />Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.<br /><br />To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br /><br />A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&rsquo;s total wealth &mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

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	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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	&#039;title&#039; =&gt; &#039;Want to know how India&amp;#039;s richest 1 percent are wealthier than the bottom 70 per cent? Read on -Leela Prasad&#039;,
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. 
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	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 16 January, 2017, http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New Delhi: &lt;/em&gt;In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&amp;rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&amp;rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &amp;ldquo;Maoist state&amp;rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &amp;mdash; used to roll beedis &amp;mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&amp;rsquo;s of hard work.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&amp;rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&amp;rsquo;s total wealth &amp;mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &amp;mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the..."/>
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                <strong>Want to know how India&#039;s richest 1 percent are wealthier than the bottom 70 per cent? Read on -Leela Prasad</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br /><br />New Delhi: </em>In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &ldquo;Maoist state&rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &mdash; used to roll beedis &mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&rsquo;s of hard work.<br /><br />Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.<br /><br />To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br /><br />A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&rsquo;s total wealth &mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
<em>Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br />
<br />
New Delhi: </em>In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &ldquo;Maoist state&rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &mdash; used to roll beedis &mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&rsquo;s of hard work.<br />
<br />
Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.<br />
<br />
To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br />
<br />
A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&rsquo;s total wealth &mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/">click here</a> to read more. 
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Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the...',
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-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
<em>Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br />
<br />
New Delhi: </em>In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &ldquo;Maoist state&rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &mdash; used to roll beedis &mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&rsquo;s of hard work.<br />
<br />
Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.<br />
<br />
To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br />
<br />
A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&rsquo;s total wealth &mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.<br />
<br />
Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/">click here</a> to read more. 
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-The Indian Express

Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.

New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br /><br />New Delhi: </em>In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar&rsquo;s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India&rsquo;s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the &ldquo;Maoist state&rdquo;. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves &mdash; used to roll beedis &mdash; and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day&rsquo;s of hard work.<br /><br />Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market.<br /><br />To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat.<br /><br />A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India&rsquo;s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country&rsquo;s total wealth &mdash; 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) &mdash; as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends.<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/want-to-know-how-indias-richest-1-per-cent-are-wealtheir-than-the-bottom-70-per-cent-read-on-4476770/">click here</a> to read more. </div><div align="justify">&nbsp;</div>'
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Want to know how India's richest 1 percent are wealthier than the bottom 70 per cent? Read on -Leela Prasad

-The Indian Express Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat. New Delhi: In Delhi University professor Nandini Sundar’s meticulously researched book, The Burning Forest: India’s War in Bastar, the plight of the adivasis struggling to make ends meet paints a striking picture of the growing wage disparity in the “Maoist state”. Wages paid to the adivasis are strictly controlled by contractors who procure tendu leaves — used to roll beedis — and sell them to traders. According to one contractor, adivasis were paid as low as 80 paise (figures from 2006) to collect 100 leaves. On a average, a worker, at best, collects 100 bundles a day; that is Rs 80 for a day’s of hard work. Fourteen bundles of tendu leaves make a kilo, which is then sold at Rs 15.70. The contractor stands to profit anywhere between Rs 5-10. And he is just one person in the middle of this huge trading pyramid. The trader community is, like any other community, hierarchical. A majority of them are non-adivasis, mostly immigrants from other states. At the top is the Marwari community that controls the trade, with links spread across the country, and Kochiyas (agents) make up the bottom. Adivasis selling their produce directly at the weekly market are often cheated by Kochiyas, who under weigh the sale. And tendu leaves are just one of the many forest produce that make their way to the market. To understand wealth disparity on a larger scale, it is important to fully comprehend where Bastar fits in the global economy. Studying micro economies such as Bastar gives us the tools to highlight the rising inequality between the bourgeoise and proletariat. A recent report by UK-based rights group Oxfam notes that India’s richest 1 per cent now holds 58 per cent of the country’s total wealth — 57 billionaires in India now have the same wealth ($216 billion) — as that of the bottom 70 per cent population of the country. How did they get there? In a capitalist economy, organisations work towards achieving profits and maximising dividends for their shareholders rather than subsidising their products for the poor or distributing the wealth among its workers. In India, around 12 private corporations pay more than 50 per cent of their profits as dividends. Please click here to read more.