Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dodgy data&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Surjit Bhalla, India&amp;rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;However, there are problems with estimating poverty based on the NAS estimate of private final consumption expenditure (PFCE). Practically no one in the world uses NAS estimates of consumption. It overestimates consumption. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Using NAS to estimate poverty&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;First, Karshenas (2003) has argued that for national accounts, the basic problem is that private consumption is calculated as a residual, and errors in the estimation of other components of the GDP all impinge on the consumption estimate. Nobel economist Deaton also shows that from the estimates of production, imports and exports, the statistical office computes net domestic consumption. The final total is a residual; there is no direct measurement of consumption. As a result, errors in measuring exports, production, inventories, or animal feed are all cumulated into the estimate of consumption.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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Dodgy data

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Surjit Bhalla, India&amp;rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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Dodgy data

Surjit Bhalla, India&amp;rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most...&#039;
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Dodgy data

Surjit Bhalla, India&rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most..."/>
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                <strong>What’s falling: Poverty or quality of analysis? -Santosh Mehrotra</strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-Deccan Herald</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Dodgy data</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Surjit Bhalla, India&rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).</p><p style="text-align:justify">However, there are problems with estimating poverty based on the NAS estimate of private final consumption expenditure (PFCE). Practically no one in the world uses NAS estimates of consumption. It overestimates consumption. &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Using NAS to estimate poverty</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">First, Karshenas (2003) has argued that for national accounts, the basic problem is that private consumption is calculated as a residual, and errors in the estimation of other components of the GDP all impinge on the consumption estimate. Nobel economist Deaton also shows that from the estimates of production, imports and exports, the statistical office computes net domestic consumption. The final total is a residual; there is no direct measurement of consumption. As a result, errors in measuring exports, production, inventories, or animal feed are all cumulated into the estimate of consumption.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok" title="https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0a67f5010c-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0a67f5010c-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr67f0a67f5010c-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0a67f5010c-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0a67f5010c-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0a67f5010c-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr67f0a67f5010c-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr67f0a67f5010c-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;link&nbsp;rel="canonical"&nbsp;href="<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">Configure</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">read</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SITE_URL'</span><span style="color: #007700">);&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$urlPrefix</span><span style="color: #007700">;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">category</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">slug</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>/<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #007700">echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$article_current</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">seo_url</span><span style="color: #007700">;&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>.html"/&gt;
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dodgy data&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Surjit Bhalla, India&amp;rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;However, there are problems with estimating poverty based on the NAS estimate of private final consumption expenditure (PFCE). Practically no one in the world uses NAS estimates of consumption. It overestimates consumption. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Using NAS to estimate poverty&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;First, Karshenas (2003) has argued that for national accounts, the basic problem is that private consumption is calculated as a residual, and errors in the estimation of other components of the GDP all impinge on the consumption estimate. Nobel economist Deaton also shows that from the estimates of production, imports and exports, the statistical office computes net domestic consumption. The final total is a residual; there is no direct measurement of consumption. As a result, errors in measuring exports, production, inventories, or animal feed are all cumulated into the estimate of consumption.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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Dodgy data

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dodgy data&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Surjit Bhalla, India&amp;rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Using NAS to estimate poverty&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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Dodgy data

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Dodgy data

Surjit Bhalla, India&rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most..."/>
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                <strong>What’s falling: Poverty or quality of analysis? -Santosh Mehrotra</strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-Deccan Herald</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Dodgy data</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Surjit Bhalla, India&rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).</p><p style="text-align:justify">However, there are problems with estimating poverty based on the NAS estimate of private final consumption expenditure (PFCE). Practically no one in the world uses NAS estimates of consumption. It overestimates consumption. &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Using NAS to estimate poverty</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">First, Karshenas (2003) has argued that for national accounts, the basic problem is that private consumption is calculated as a residual, and errors in the estimation of other components of the GDP all impinge on the consumption estimate. Nobel economist Deaton also shows that from the estimates of production, imports and exports, the statistical office computes net domestic consumption. The final total is a residual; there is no direct measurement of consumption. As a result, errors in measuring exports, production, inventories, or animal feed are all cumulated into the estimate of consumption.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok" title="https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Dodgy data&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Surjit Bhalla, India&amp;rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).&lt;/p&gt;

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Dodgy data

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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Surjit Bhalla, India&amp;rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).&lt;/p&gt;

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Dodgy data

Surjit Bhalla, India&amp;rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most...&#039;
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Dodgy data

Surjit Bhalla, India&rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most..."/>
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                <strong>What’s falling: Poverty or quality of analysis? -Santosh Mehrotra</strong></h1>
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                <p style="text-align:justify">-Deccan Herald</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Dodgy data</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">Surjit Bhalla, India&rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).</p><p style="text-align:justify">However, there are problems with estimating poverty based on the NAS estimate of private final consumption expenditure (PFCE). Practically no one in the world uses NAS estimates of consumption. It overestimates consumption. &nbsp;</p><p style="text-align:justify"><em>Using NAS to estimate poverty</em></p><p style="text-align:justify">First, Karshenas (2003) has argued that for national accounts, the basic problem is that private consumption is calculated as a residual, and errors in the estimation of other components of the GDP all impinge on the consumption estimate. Nobel economist Deaton also shows that from the estimates of production, imports and exports, the statistical office computes net domestic consumption. The final total is a residual; there is no direct measurement of consumption. As a result, errors in measuring exports, production, inventories, or animal feed are all cumulated into the estimate of consumption.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok" title="https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>               </font>
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<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Dodgy data</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Surjit Bhalla, India&rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">However, there are problems with estimating poverty based on the NAS estimate of private final consumption expenditure (PFCE). Practically no one in the world uses NAS estimates of consumption. It overestimates consumption. &nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Using NAS to estimate poverty</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">First, Karshenas (2003) has argued that for national accounts, the basic problem is that private consumption is calculated as a residual, and errors in the estimation of other components of the GDP all impinge on the consumption estimate. Nobel economist Deaton also shows that from the estimates of production, imports and exports, the statistical office computes net domestic consumption. The final total is a residual; there is no direct measurement of consumption. As a result, errors in measuring exports, production, inventories, or animal feed are all cumulated into the estimate of consumption.</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
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Dodgy data

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<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Dodgy data</em></p>

<p style="text-align:justify">Surjit Bhalla, India&rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS).</p>

<p style="text-align:justify">However, there are problems with estimating poverty based on the NAS estimate of private final consumption expenditure (PFCE). Practically no one in the world uses NAS estimates of consumption. It overestimates consumption. &nbsp;</p>

<p style="text-align:justify"><em>Using NAS to estimate poverty</em></p>

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<p style="text-align:justify">Please <a href="https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/what-s-falling-poverty-or-quality-of-analysis-1111856.html?fbclid=IwAR1xqy9112zsa5OwDvety1rIiYrjEKX864MEUCfXQ_Y8KVuKjbRkPGvt7Ok">click here</a> to read more.&nbsp;</p>
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Dodgy data

Surjit Bhalla, India&rsquo;s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most...'
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What’s falling: Poverty or quality of analysis? -Santosh Mehrotra

-Deccan Herald Dodgy data Surjit Bhalla, India’s Executive Director (IMF), Arvind Virmani, former Chief Economic Advisor under UPA, and K Bhasin, in an IMF Working Paper, state that to estimate poverty, when no survey has been undertaken, is to take the most recent survey (2011-12) data and update individual consumption (or personal) income by the corresponding growth rate observed in the national accounts (NAS). However, there are problems with estimating poverty based on the NAS estimate of private final consumption expenditure (PFCE). Practically no one in the world uses NAS estimates of consumption. It overestimates consumption.   Using NAS to estimate poverty First, Karshenas (2003) has argued that for national accounts, the basic problem is that private consumption is calculated as a residual, and errors in the estimation of other components of the GDP all impinge on the consumption estimate. Nobel economist Deaton also shows that from the estimates of production, imports and exports, the statistical office computes net domestic consumption. The final total is a residual; there is no direct measurement of consumption. As a result, errors in measuring exports, production, inventories, or animal feed are all cumulated into the estimate of consumption. Please click here to read more.