Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
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Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
		&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 17 March, 2018, http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&#039;,
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The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 17 March, 2018, http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these...&#039;
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-The Indian Express

The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these..."/>
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                <strong>Why forest rights matter - Rajshree Chandra</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging <br /></em><br />On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.<br /><br />The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.<br /><br />The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.<br /><br />Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &ldquo;owner&rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &ldquo;belonging&rdquo;, where the person and her land &mdash; the part and the whole &mdash; become indistinguishable.<br /><br />We witnessed the articulation of this &ldquo;belonging&rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &ldquo;Development&rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.<br /><br />In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &hellip; sob loss haijibo&rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &hellip; everything will be lost).<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
	&#039;credit_writer&#039; =&gt; &#039;The Indian Express, 17 March, 2018, http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

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On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these...&#039;
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The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these..."/>
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                <strong>Why forest rights matter - Rajshree Chandra</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging <br /></em><br />On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.<br /><br />The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.<br /><br />The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.<br /><br />Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &ldquo;owner&rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &ldquo;belonging&rdquo;, where the person and her land &mdash; the part and the whole &mdash; become indistinguishable.<br /><br />We witnessed the articulation of this &ldquo;belonging&rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &ldquo;Development&rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.<br /><br />In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &hellip; sob loss haijibo&rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &hellip; everything will be lost).<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
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The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&#039;,
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-The Indian Express

The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Indian Express&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&amp;rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &amp;ldquo;owner&amp;rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo;, where the person and her land &amp;mdash; the part and the whole &amp;mdash; become indistinguishable.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We witnessed the articulation of this &amp;ldquo;belonging&amp;rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &amp;ldquo;Development&amp;rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &amp;ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &amp;hellip; sob loss haijibo&amp;rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &amp;hellip; everything will be lost).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please &lt;a href=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot; title=&quot;http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/&quot;&gt;click here&lt;/a&gt; to read more. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#039;
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The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these..."/>
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                <strong>Why forest rights matter - Rajshree Chandra</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging <br /></em><br />On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.<br /><br />The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.<br /><br />The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.<br /><br />Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &ldquo;owner&rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &ldquo;belonging&rdquo;, where the person and her land &mdash; the part and the whole &mdash; become indistinguishable.<br /><br />We witnessed the articulation of this &ldquo;belonging&rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &ldquo;Development&rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.<br /><br />In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &hellip; sob loss haijibo&rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &hellip; everything will be lost).<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>               </font>
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-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
<em>The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging <br />
</em><br />
On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.<br />
<br />
The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.<br />
<br />
The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.<br />
<br />
Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &ldquo;owner&rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &ldquo;belonging&rdquo;, where the person and her land &mdash; the part and the whole &mdash; become indistinguishable.<br />
<br />
We witnessed the articulation of this &ldquo;belonging&rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &ldquo;Development&rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.<br />
<br />
In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &hellip; sob loss haijibo&rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &hellip; everything will be lost).<br />
<br />
Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/">click here</a> to read more. <br />
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-The Indian Express

The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these...',
	'disp' => '<div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging <br /></em><br />On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.<br /><br />The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.<br /><br />The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.<br /><br />Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &ldquo;owner&rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &ldquo;belonging&rdquo;, where the person and her land &mdash; the part and the whole &mdash; become indistinguishable.<br /><br />We witnessed the articulation of this &ldquo;belonging&rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &ldquo;Development&rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.<br /><br />In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &hellip; sob loss haijibo&rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &hellip; everything will be lost).<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>',
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	'title' => 'Why forest rights matter - Rajshree Chandra',
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-The Indian Express<br />
<br />
<em>The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging <br />
</em><br />
On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.<br />
<br />
The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.<br />
<br />
The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.<br />
<br />
Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &ldquo;owner&rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &ldquo;belonging&rdquo;, where the person and her land &mdash; the part and the whole &mdash; become indistinguishable.<br />
<br />
We witnessed the articulation of this &ldquo;belonging&rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &ldquo;Development&rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.<br />
<br />
In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &hellip; sob loss haijibo&rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &hellip; everything will be lost).<br />
<br />
Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/">click here</a> to read more. <br />
</div>',
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-The Indian Express

The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging 

On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-The Indian Express<br /><br /><em>The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging <br /></em><br />On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights.<br /><br />The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA&rsquo;s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA.<br /><br />The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas.<br /><br />Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied &ldquo;owner&rdquo;, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of &ldquo;belonging&rdquo;, where the person and her land &mdash; the part and the whole &mdash; become indistinguishable.<br /><br />We witnessed the articulation of this &ldquo;belonging&rdquo; during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). &ldquo;Development&rdquo; cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples.<br /><br />In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: &ldquo;Jharna, pani, paban, patra &hellip; sob loss haijibo&rdquo; (streams, water, air, leaves &hellip; everything will be lost).<br /><br />Please <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/" title="http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/maharashtra-farmers-protest-why-forest-rights-matter-5100519/">click here</a> to read more. <br /></div>'
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Why forest rights matter - Rajshree Chandra

-The Indian Express The demand is a call for upholding local practices of belonging On March 12, about 50,000 farmers reached Mumbai, walking 165 km in the hope that their elected representatives would listen when they spoke. A majority of these farmers were Adivasis and one of their demands was the implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA) and through it, their land rights. The FRA was enacted in 2006 with the aim of protecting the claims of tribal communities over tracts of land or forests they have inhabited and cultivated for generations. It has the potential to democratise forest governance by recognising community forest resource rights over an estimated 85.6 million acres, thereby empowering over 200 million forest dwellers in over 1,70,000 villages. However, the FRA’s future is precariously balanced between the democratic control and protection of forests on the one hand and rapacious corporations backed by an unscrupulous political class on the other. It has become the site of a deep conflict. That is why it becomes important to understand what is at stake with the FRA. The FRA has two distinct features. First, it seeks to restore individual and/or community rights of forest dwellers over land and forest resources. These rights include title rights, user rights, forest management rights and relief and development rights. Second, it devolves power to village-level gram sabhas to contest and exclude the alienation of land in the Scheduled areas. Recourse to the FRA has enabled village and tribal communities in Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tripura to veto the land-acquisitions claims of corporations and state governments. It expands the mandate of the Fifth and the Sixth Schedules of the Constitution that protect the claims of indigenous communities over tracts of land or forests they inhabit. It shifts the focus from a propertied “owner”, to a space that surrounds the subject and onto the broader networks of relations that interact to form property. It thus gives jurisdiction to a different practice of “belonging”, where the person and her land — the part and the whole — become indistinguishable. We witnessed the articulation of this “belonging” during our fieldwork in Raigarh and in the testimonies of Dongaria Konds of the Niyamgiri region (Lanjigarh district, Odisha). “Development” cannot be a pre-moulded receptacle devoid of heterogeneous practices and peoples. In 2013, in compliance with the SC ruling and in observance of the FRA provisions, all 10 selected gram sabhas vetoed the Vedanta bauxite mining project in and around the Niyamgiri mountains. In Kunakadu, a tribal hamlet in Kalahandi, an animated Tunguru Majhi, appointed as observer to the village council proceedings by the SC, spoke for 20 minutes, directing his words at the district judge: “Jharna, pani, paban, patra … sob loss haijibo” (streams, water, air, leaves … everything will be lost). Please click here to read more.