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Why Judges Should Not Interpret Religion -Arvind Kurian Abraham

-TheWire.in

One of the oddities of the ongoing hijab ban case, is how a secular court has to decide whether wearing a hijab is mandated by Islam.

One cannot fault the Karnataka high court beyond a point, as it is merely following ‘Essential Religious Practices Test’ laid down by the Supreme Court of India. Courts use this test to determine whether a practice is essential to the religion, in order to decide if such practice is worthy of protection under Article 25 of the constitution, which guarantees the freedom of religion.

While scholars have highlighted the inconsistency of the precedents governing this test as well as the inappropriateness for a secular court to interpret religion, I shall elaborate why the courts or even the state, lack the competence to determine if a practice is essential to a religion. 

While determining whether a practice is essential to religion, courts resort to reviewing the relevant religious scriptures, to identify the ‘canon’ of the faith. However, the study of religious scriptures, which is undertaken using the tools of hermeneutics, is far more complicated than interpreting statutes.

Religious beliefs are not necessarily static. Different forms of interpretations develop through phases in history.

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