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Resource centre on India's rural distress
 
 

Most crimes against women intensified in last 11 years


India is increasingly becoming an unsafe place for women to live, as has been confirmed by the recent report entitled Crime in India 2014 from National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB).

Although the rate of total cognizable crime committed against women in India has been 56.3, the rate of IPC Crimes under Sexual Offences stood at 22.16 during 2014, finds the report Crime in India 2014.  

Most cognizable crimes against women in 2014 were committed in Uttar Pradesh (11.4 percent), followed by West Bengal (11.3 percent), Rajasthan (9.2 percent), Madhya Pradesh (8.5 percent) and Maharashtra (7.9 percent). However, most sexual offences under the Indian Penal Code (IPC) were committed in Madhya Pradesh (11.4 percent), followed by Maharashtra (11.3 percent), Uttar Pradesh (9.3 percent) and Rajasthan (7.6 percent).

The report from NCRB reveals that the rate of crime relating to 'rape' has gone up from 3.5 in 2004 to 6.1 in 2014. The incidence of such crime has almost doubled from 18,233 in 2004 to 36,735 in 2014.

Among states and Union Territories (UTs), the rate of crime relating to ‘rape’ (which includes custodial and other than custodial rape) has been the highest in Mizoram (23.7 crimes per lakh women population), followed by UT of Delhi (23.2), Sikkim (15.8) and Madhya Pradesh (14.0). The rate of crime relating to ‘rape’ has been the lowest in Tamil Nadu (1.3), followed by Puducherry (1.4), Daman & Diu (1.9) and Bihar (2.3).

The rate of crime relating to ‘dowry deaths’ has increased marginally from 1.3 in 2004 to 1.4 in 2014. The incidence of such crime has increased from 7,026 in 2004 to 8,455 in 2014.

Among states and UTs, the rate of crime relating to ‘dowry deaths’ has been the highest in Bihar (2.8 crimes per lakh women population), followed by Uttar Pradesh (2.5) and Haryana (2.4). The lowest rate in such crime is found in Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Lakshadweep, D&N Haveli and Daman & Diu (all having zero crime rates).

The rate of crime relating to ‘assault on women with intent to outrage her modesty’ has roughly doubled from 6.6 in 2004 to 13.7 in 2014. The incidence of such crime has increased from 34,567 in 2004 to 82,235 in 2014.

The Crime in India 2014 report shows that the rate of crime relating to ‘assault on women with intent to outrage her modesty’ has been the highest in UT of Delhi (21.3 crimes per lakh women population), followed by Odisha (13.2), Tripura (13.1) and Madhya Pradesh (12.6). The lowest rate in such crime is found in D&N Haveli (0.5), followed by Bihar (0.6) and Nagaland (0.7).  

The rate of crime relating to ‘insult to the modesty of women’ has decreased from 1.9 in 2004 to 1.6 in 2014. The incidence of such crime has fallen from 10,001 in 2004 to 9,735 in 2014.

The rate of crime relating to ‘insult to the modesty of women’ has been the highest in UT of Delhi (15.1 crimes per lakh women population), followed by Andhra Pradesh (10.5), Telengana and Goa (both having 6.3). The lowest rate in such crime is found in Assam, Manipur, Uttar Pradesh and Daman & Diu (all having zero crime rates).     

The rate of crime relating to ‘cruelty by husband or his relatives’ has nearly doubled from 11.1 in 2004 to 20.5 in 2014. The incidence of such crime has increased drastically from 58,121 in 2004 to 1,22,877 in 2014.

The rate of crime relating to ‘cruelty by husband or his relatives’ has been the highest in Assam (62.1), followed by Rajasthan (46.7), Tripura (38.3) and Telengana (35.3). The lowest rate in such crime is found in Lakshadweep (nil), followed by Nagaland (0.3) and Puducherry (0.6).

It is worth nothing that the rate of crime (of a particular type) against a particular community is the ratio of total number of such crimes committed (or reported) in a year against that community to the population of that community (in lakhs). It is calculated to compare crime rates across various regions and also for inter-temporal comparison. Crime rate for crime against women has been calculated using female population.   

 
References:

Crime in India 2014, National Crime Records Bureau, http://ncrb.gov.in/

Northeast 'safest' for women, kids -Ananya Sengupta, The Telegraph, 25 August, 2015, please click here to access
 
A crime well reported is half-solved -Rukmini S, The Hindu, 22 August, 2015, please click here to access
 
Delhi is the rape capital; NCRB data shows rape cases up 200% since 2012 -Aaron Pereira, The Indian Express, 20 August, 2015, please click here to access

Bengal stands tall on ‘unsafe’ list -Dwaipayan Ghosh, The Times of India, 20 August, 2015, please click here to access

Conviction rates up, but not for rape -Rukmini S, The Hindu, 20 August, 2015, please click here to access
 
Delhi is now India’s rape capital, show NCRB data -Rukmini S, The Hindu, 19 August, 2015, please click here to access
 
Image Courtesy: Himanshu Joshi