Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 73
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 73
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
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Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Deprecated (16384): The ArrayAccess methods will be removed in 4.0.0.Use getParam(), getData() and getQuery() instead. - /home/brlfuser/public_html/src/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line: 74
 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php. [CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311]
Code Context


        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);

    }
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 You can disable deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to `E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED` in your config/app.php.'
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deprecationWarning - CORE/src/Core/functions.php, line 311
Cake\Http\ServerRequest::offsetGet() - CORE/src/Http/ServerRequest.php, line 2421
App\Controller\ArtileDetailController::printArticle() - APP/Controller/ArtileDetailController.php, line 74
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 610
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 120
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 94
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 235
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 162
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 96
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51
Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 98

Warning (512): Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/home/brlfuser/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=853 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 48]
Code Context
            if (Configure::read('debug')) {

                trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);

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    <link rel="canonical" href="https://im4change.in/<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6801d39d829fa-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6801d39d829fa-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Notice</b> (8)</a>: Undefined variable: urlPrefix [<b>APP/Template/Layout/printlayout.ctp</b>, line <b>8</b>]<div id="cakeErr6801d39d829fa-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6801d39d829fa-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6801d39d829fa-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr6801d39d829fa-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr6801d39d829fa-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr6801d39d829fa-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"></span><span style="color: #007700">&lt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">head</span><span style="color: #007700">&gt;
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-The Hindu Business Line
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&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; 
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet&lt;br /&gt;-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line
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&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; 
&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet&lt;br /&gt;-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#039;
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Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries..."/>
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                <strong>A dirty secret: Concept of eco-san toilets -Manoj Misra</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line</div><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p><p align="justify"><em>Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?</em></p><p align="justify">Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river's flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.</p><p align="justify">Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region's many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.</p><p align="justify">When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.</p><p align="justify">The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.</p><p align="justify">In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.</p><p align="justify">At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.</p><p align="justify">As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen's imagination.</p><p align="justify"><em>India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.</em></p><p align="justify"><em>The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan </em></p><p align="justify"><em>The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece" title="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece">http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet<br />-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece</a></em> </p>               </font>
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-The Hindu Business Line
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&amp;nbsp;
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&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; 
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet&lt;br /&gt;-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line
&lt;/div&gt;
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&amp;nbsp;
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&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; 
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet&lt;br /&gt;-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#039;
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-The Hindu Business Line


&nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries..."/>
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                <strong>A dirty secret: Concept of eco-san toilets -Manoj Misra</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line</div><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p><p align="justify"><em>Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?</em></p><p align="justify">Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river's flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.</p><p align="justify">Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region's many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.</p><p align="justify">When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.</p><p align="justify">The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.</p><p align="justify">In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.</p><p align="justify">At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.</p><p align="justify">As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen's imagination.</p><p align="justify"><em>India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.</em></p><p align="justify"><em>The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan </em></p><p align="justify"><em>The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece" title="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece">http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet<br />-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece</a></em> </p>               </font>
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-The Hindu Business Line
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&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; 
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries...&#039;,
	&#039;disp&#039; =&gt; &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet&lt;br /&gt;-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line
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&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; 
&lt;/p&gt;&#039;,
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-The Hindu Business Line


&amp;nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries...&#039;
$disp = &#039;&lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;-The Hindu Business Line&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river&#039;s flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region&#039;s many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen&#039;s imagination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot; title=&quot;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&quot;&gt;http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet&lt;br /&gt;-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&#039;
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-The Hindu Business Line


&nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries..."/>
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                <strong>A dirty secret: Concept of eco-san toilets -Manoj Misra</strong></h1>
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                <div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line</div><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p><p align="justify"><em>Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?</em></p><p align="justify">Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river's flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.</p><p align="justify">Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region's many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.</p><p align="justify">When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.</p><p align="justify">The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.</p><p align="justify">In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.</p><p align="justify">At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.</p><p align="justify">As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen's imagination.</p><p align="justify"><em>India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.</em></p><p align="justify"><em>The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan </em></p><p align="justify"><em>The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece" title="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece">http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet<br />-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece</a></em> </p>               </font>
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-The Hindu Business Line
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<p align="justify">
&nbsp;
</p>
<p align="justify">
<em>Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?</em>
</p>
<p align="justify">
Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river's flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.
</p>
<p align="justify">
Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region's many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.
</p>
<p align="justify">
When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.
</p>
<p align="justify">
The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.
</p>
<p align="justify">
In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.
</p>
<p align="justify">
At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.
</p>
<p align="justify">
As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen's imagination.
</p>
<p align="justify">
<em>India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.</em>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<em>The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan </em>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<em>The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece">http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece</a></em> 
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-The Hindu Business Line


&nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries...',
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-The Hindu Business Line
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<p align="justify">
&nbsp;
</p>
<p align="justify">
<em>Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?</em>
</p>
<p align="justify">
Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river's flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.
</p>
<p align="justify">
Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region's many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.
</p>
<p align="justify">
When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.
</p>
<p align="justify">
The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.
</p>
<p align="justify">
In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.
</p>
<p align="justify">
At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.
</p>
<p align="justify">
As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen's imagination.
</p>
<p align="justify">
<em>India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.</em>
</p>
<p align="justify">
<em>The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan </em>
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<em>The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece">http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece</a></em> 
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-The Hindu Business Line


&nbsp;


Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?


Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries...'
$disp = '<div align="justify">-The Hindu Business Line</div><p align="justify">&nbsp;</p><p align="justify"><em>Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution?</em></p><p align="justify">Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river's flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind.</p><p align="justify">Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region's many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India.</p><p align="justify">When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us.</p><p align="justify">The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies.</p><p align="justify">In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage.</p><p align="justify">At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water.</p><p align="justify">As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen's imagination.</p><p align="justify"><em>India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November.</em></p><p align="justify"><em>The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan </em></p><p align="justify"><em>The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, <a href="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece" title="http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece">http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet<br />-that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece</a></em> </p>'
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A dirty secret: Concept of eco-san toilets -Manoj Misra

-The Hindu Business Line   Heard of the eco-san toilet that fights river pollution? Pachnada is about 100 km from Etawah in Uttar Pradesh. Meaning pach (five) and nada (rivers), it is the region at the confluence of the Yamuna with its tributaries - Chambal, Sindh, Kunwari and Pahuj. Here, the rejuvenated Yamuna and its rich biodiversity including the magar, ghariyal and sus (dolphin) prove that once a river's flow is restored its biodiversity cannot be much behind. Back in 2008, when we first chose village clusters around the Kaleswar temple at Pachnada as one of the 14 sites for the formation of Nadi Mitra Mandalis (Friends of the River groups) to promote river-friendly lifestyles, we were struck by the region's many contrasts. It had a dreaded past (dacoits) and yet attracted thousands of devotees to the temple and riverbank for a ritual bath on holy days. The ravines were forbiddingly beautiful, with the crystal clear waters of the Chambal river in sharp contrast to the pollutant-laden Yamuna. The villages had small mud houses, yet the farms were alluringly green. In short, Pachnada exhibited some of the best and worst aspects of rural India. When we tried to introduce the concept of eco-san toilets, we anticipated slow success in a region that had a high illiteracy rate and nearly 100 per cent open-defecation. But a pleasant surprise awaited us. The eco-san toilet mimics nature and, in the process, safeguards the environment. Mammals, unlike reptiles and birds, have separate exits for urine and faecal matter. But we use a common toilet for both functions and end up generating sewage that pollutes and poisons our water bodies. In an eco-san toilet, urine and wash-water drain into a separate destination, while the faecal matter is collected in another chamber that is kept dehydrated at all times. There is no need to flush and the urine and faecal matter is utilised as valuable urea and manure. In one stroke, human refuse is turned into a useful resource, water is saved and there is no sewage. At our first workshop on eco-san toilets, we were mightily heartened when Munna Lal from Pachnada took the lead to not only construct the first such toilet in his village but also spread the word as our resource person. His roadside toilet is a hit with the villagers and other road users. He has developed a kitchen garden from the diverted urine and wash water. As the nation embarks on the Swachh Bharat Mission to end open defecation, in Pachnada an illiterate but resourceful villager has lit a spark that will hopefully ignite his countrymen's imagination. India Rivers Week, 2014 will be held in Delhi at the end of November. The writer is the Convener of Yamuna Jiye Abhiyaan The Hindu Business Line, 7 November, 2014, http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/ecosan-toilet -that-fights-river-pollution/article6574937.ece